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Aim: Public health lifestyle databases at local authority level are currently poorly aligned across the UK. The integration of lifestyle databases at a regional level could provide a rich resource to support research and help inform public health leads and service commissioners in improving service delivery, facilitating decision-making and developing key public health policies. Prior to its implementation, the acceptability of an integrated lifestyle database should be explored. The aim of this study was to consult with public health stakeholders to explore the acceptability of developing and implementing a regional integrated lifestyle database across four key areas of public health: smoking cessation, diet, physical activity and alcohol consumption. Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with public health stakeholders recruited from across the East Midlands region of England. All interviews were conducted using video conferencing software and recorded, transcribed, and analysed using the Framework approach. Sixteen public health stakeholders were purposively identified and invited to participate in interviews. Results: Stakeholders viewed the integrated database as having potential to support research, service development and commissioning decisions. Barriers such as providers' reluctance to reveal their business strategies to rival organisations, cost of setting up and running the proposed database, complex information-sharing and governance were identified. Conclusion: An integrated lifestyle database has the potential to support research and service commissioning regionally. However, several barriers were identified that must be addressed prior to the development and implementation of an integrated database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) has achieved great success in accelerating the rational design and deployment of new materials. It is a new route of designing new materials and processes and highlighted by Materials Genome Initiative/Engineering that stresses the high‐throughput computation in addition to high‐throughput experimentation and materials informatics. This article presents a brief review on the basic theories and multi‐scale computational tools of ICME to design advanced steel grades, including the first‐principles calculations, the CALPHAD method (i.e., computational thermodynamics) fueled by dedicated databases, diffusion and phase‐field simulations, as well as finite analysis methods and machine learning. In the ICME scheme to deal with steels, the CALPHAD method is considered as the core to readily consider multi‐component systems and integrated to link the microscopic simulations (such as diffusion and phase field method to predict microstructure evolutions in response to external conditions) and macroscopic finite analysis method to deal with mechanical properties. Two applications are also presented to address the new routes to carry out materials design, especially for advanced steels.

Background: In clinical oncology, it is widely recognized that data sharing and the integration of completed clinical trials can promote research and development (R&D). The Foundation Aide et Recherche en Cancérologie Digestive (ARCAD) database project was initiated in Europe and the United States in 2006. Approximately 40 000 individual patient data (IPD) for metastatic colorectal cancer were collected and constructed as an integrated database. Materials and methods: ARCAD-Asia was launched in 2021 and has been actively collecting Asian clinical trials. In addition, ARCAD-Asian data were periodically transferred to the Mayo Clinic, and IPD was integrated into the ARCAD database. Finally, all data were shared with three data centers, ARCAD-Asia and ARCAD, located in Europe, the United States, and Japan. We have developed a reproducible and reliable data conversion procedure based on the methodology established by ARCAD. Results: From September 2021 to April 2023, 2318 IPD from four first-line, two second-line, and three third-line trials for metastatic colorectal cancer were integrated and stored in ARCAD-Asia. By autumn 2023, three more trials (1565 IPD) will be included, resulting in 12 trials (3883 IPD) in the Asia database. These are transferred and shared with ARCAD. After integrating Asian data, the ARCAD database contained 70 trials with ∼50 000 IPD. Conclusions: Based on our active collaboration, ARCAD-Asia was established, and a global integrated database was constructed. As a next step, we will continue to collect Asian IPD and expand the cancer types, leading to a more comprehensive and available global database.