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This study investigates the epidemiological features of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV co-infection connected to pathological processes This study collected data on samples of patients with hepatitis C virus from 2005 to 2021. The results showed an escalation in the number of patients with time and the presence of significant differences between the infection rate in males compared to females, as well as the age group above 51 years was the most. Geographically, Nasiriyah city had the most recorded cases, followed by major cities. The genotypes also varied, with genotype 4 dominating, followed by types 1a and 1b. Co-infection HBV/HCV with a duration of disease, some risk factors, and HCV can increase their transmissibility, and cause a wide range of pathological processes: acceleration of liver fibrosis, increased risks of GCC, and other concomitant diseases. Much research is ongoing. conclusions, the results showed the influence of location and distance from cities where It's utilized to determine patient-to-patient infection sources. Additionally demonstrated the area has genotype 1. (1b and 1a). The HCV quasispecies phenomenon or sample size may explain these differences. HIV is associated with HCV infection, immune response, and liver damage. Even with high-quality ARVs, 10% of patients have hepatotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to reveal the concentration for hepatitis C patients in the samples belonging to Dhi-Qar governorate in southern Iraq as a control group for comparison with the control group that was taken from apparently healthy people. Method Sixty-eight patients were selected as random samples including, 32 males, 36 females, ranging in age from 22-76 years with The studied samples included 20 people outrageous, especially infectious diseases, especially infectious and the study also worked 2 males and 8 females from January to the end of April 2022, a group was used. ELISA from Takara Company in China to measure the levels of interleukin-2 and the results were, the emergence of an increase in concentration in patient samples at an average rate (196.69 ± 23.91) compared to the healthy group (129.43 ± 17.56) with a clear significant difference. Conclusion: In the following study, it was determined that the levels of interleukin-2 appear higher in the serum of patients compared to healthy controls, which is one of the inflammatory criteria associated with the disease, with recommendations to give more strategies that include the inhibition of intercellular cytokines [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]