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The research aims to design an educational program using a mobile application and identify its impact on the skill and digital levels of the javelin throwing race for struggling female students. The experimental approach was used for two groups, one experimental and the other a control group, using two measurements (pre-post) for each of them due to its suitability to the nature of this research. The research was applied to A sample of struggling female students for the second group. The number of the sample reached (48 female students) and they were divided into two groups, one experimental and numbering (24 female students) and the other a control group and numbering (24 female students). The program was implemented using the mobile application for a period of (6) weeks with (3) units Weekly, and the most important results of the research resulted in that the program with the mobile application contributed to improving the digital level of struggling female students with improvement rates of (56.1%), and also had a positive impact on improving some of the physical abilities related to skill performance such as (agility, coordination, muscular ability, speed). The most important recommendations are to conduct similar studies in order to determine the effectiveness of using the mobile application on different samples and other track and field competitions, and to pay attention to introducing new strategies in teaching in general and in teaching track and field competitions in particular [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dirasat: Educational Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Medicine & Science of Physical Activity & Sport / Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to determine the movement factors that cause differences in throwing records in javelin throwers who had similar running velocities. The movements of 81 female javelin throwers who participated in competitions were recorded using two cameras, and the coordinate values were obtained using the three-dimensional motion analysis technique. The preparatory phase was defined as the period from the last rear foot contact (RFC) to the fore foot contact (FFC), whereas the throwing phase was defined as the period from the FFC to javelin release. Among them, 14 athletes with approach velocity of 4.0-4.3 m/s at FFC were divided into a high (57.59 ± 3.60 m) and a low group (35.14 ± 8.23 m) for throwing records, and the kinematic data were compared. The high group had a significantly higher release velocity, showed larger maximum external rotation of the shoulder joint, and larger right shoulder velocity than the low group. Immediately during the throwing phase, the high group had a larger horizontal rotation of the upper trunk towards the throwing direction than the low group. Furthermore, the high group was characterized by greater height and segment length than the low group. These results indicate that the high group achieves larger terminal velocities owing to the faster rotation of the larger body. Thus, the results clearly show that high-performance athletes transfer greater kinetic energy to the javelin throw with a more rational throwing motion, even if they have a similar approach velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sport Sciences / Magallat ulum Al-Riyadat is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates evidence of sporting values in the trajectory of the Brazilian athlete Willy Seewald, who participated in the 1924 Olympic games in Paris. The documental corpus analyzed consisted of interviews, newspapers, magazines, documents and other material, such as medals and diplomas from the Seewald family's personal collection. The interpretation of the material shows that Willy Seewald played several sports but excelled in Brazilian and South American competitions in javelin throwing. The athlete's participation in the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, France, was surrounded by several difficulties that he was able to surmount due to his cultural background and his relationship with the community. Evidence was found that, throughout his sporting career, the athlete incorporated values consistent with the Olympic values and was referred to as a 'moral giant'. Although he died in 1929, he is still remembered in the Brazilian sporting scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A question that many parents face when their child learns motor skills like riding a bicycle concerns the temporal order of explicit instruction (I) and self-determined practice (problem solving, PS). In physical education, a systematic evaluation of effects of the temporal order on learning outcomes is so far missing. We tested if the beneficial effects of the PS-I sequence over I-PS found in cognitive domains also applies to motor learning in physical education. Therefore, the influence of the temporal order of I and PS on performance improvements was investigated for the case of learning javelin throwing. Javelin throwing was chosen as learning task as it shares similarities with cognitive tasks. Ninety 7th graders learned javelin throwing. The subjects either received explicit instruction on technical movement features of javelin throwing before self-determined practice (I-PS), or they started with self-determined practice and received the instruction afterwards (PS–I). We measured changes in throwing distance and changes in performance of technical features of the throws. Students with PS-I, but not students with I-PS, showed increased javelin throwing distance and increased number of executions of technical features from pre- to post-test. This study extends results found in cognitive domains to motor learning in physical education. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms of these effects, in particular the role of awareness of knowledge gaps through initial practice that could be elaborated on during subsequent instruction, and the suppression of implicit learning processes with explicit instruction. • PS-I leads to improved motor performance in javelin throwing compared to I-PS. • Improvements concern throwing distance and movement quality. • PS-I is not only effective in the cognitive domain but also in motor learning. • Direct instruction might prevent implicit learning processes to unfold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]