Search

A new species, Momonides neolandbergi Li & Guo sp. nov. is described in detail, which is the fifth species all over the world in Momonidinae Lundblad, 1941, Momoniidae K. Viets, 1926. The family and subfamily are newly recorded for Chinese fauna. The new species are recorded by camera, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Publication:New species: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reasonable design of the slopes of mining field is an important prerequisite for optimizing open-pit mine boundary, ensuring safe production and improving economic benefits of open-pit mines. This study took the open-pit coal mine coal mine in Block I of Thar coal field in Pakistan as the research background, based on the section morphology effect of slope stability and the occurrence characteristics of coal seam and weak layer, the section morphology of slope was optimized step by step from two-dimensional angle by using the rigid body limit equilibrium method. The three-dimensional numerical simulation method is used to analyze the three-dimensional spatial effect of slope stability and reveal the influence of the spatial geometry of the slope stability. The spatial morphology of the slope was optimized and the evolutionary mechanism of slope instability was revealed. By comparing the optimized slope morphology with the preliminary design and the slope morphology of the straight slope with equal flat plate, the economic benefits were further analyzed. The results showed that under the premise of meeting the safety reserve coefficient, compared with the preliminary design and the design of equal plate. The slope angle of the optimized section morphology was increased by 1° and 3° respectively, and the coal resource recovery was increased by 332 m2 and 1790 m2 respectively, and the economic benefits were $ 18,065,859 and $ 54,408,251 respectively. And the slope angle of the optimized spatial morphology was increased by 3° and 5° respectively, and the coal resource recovery was increased by 1188 m2 and 2726 m2 respectively, and the economic benefits were $ 72,082,808 and $ 108,417,368 respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great practical significance to carry out quantitative risk assessment of landslide disaster to protect people's lives and property safety and maintain the sustainable development of social economy. The delineation of landslide disaster range is the key link of landslide risk evaluation in open-pit mine. This study took the open-pit coal mine coal mine in Block I of Thar coal field in Pakistan as the research background, and constructed a framework for landslide risk evaluation in open-pit mines. Based on the numerical simulation method of large deformation of landslide, the disaster range of landslide in open-pit mine was delineated. The stability of stope slope was analyzed based on rigid body limit equilibrium method. The probability of landslide instability was calculated based on Monte Carlo method. And the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation model was established to calculate the total risk value of landslide. The results showed that: through numerical simulation and empirical formula calculation, the landslide disaster range was accurately delineated, and the comprehensive vulnerability of the disaster bearing body was determined to be medium vulnerability; the annual probability of landslide instability under natural conditions was 0.003, which belongs to moderate risk. The annual probability of landslide instability under rainstorm conditions was 0.024, which was highly dangerous; the annual probability of landslide instability under seismic conditions was 0.018, which was highly dangerous. Under natural conditions, the total risk value of landslide was 114,686.4 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.0255 people/year. The total risk value of landslide under rainstorm condition was 11,707,570 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.18375 people/year. The total risk value of landslide under earthquake condition was 43,007,400 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.135 person/year, which was an unacceptable risk. The economic loss was a small geological disaster risk under natural conditions, and it was a medium-sized geological disaster risk under both rainstorm and earthquake conditions. Therefore, landslide prevention and control and management measures such as slope deformation monitoring were proposed to ensure the safety of personnel and property in open-pit mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coordinated control between the bilateral ankle joints plays an important role in performing daily life functions, such as walking and running. However, few studies have explored the impact of stroke on movement disorders that decrease the coordination control of the bilateral extremities and may decrease daily activities that require coordination control of the bilateral ankles. This study aimed to investigate the coordination control of the bilateral ankles using a novel bilateral ankle measurement system and evaluate the relationship of bilateral movement coordination control deficits with motor and functional performances of the lower extremities in patients with stroke. Methods: Twenty-one healthy adults (36.5 ± 13.2 y/o) and 19 patients with chronic stroke (58.7 ± 10.5 y/o) were enrolled. A novel measurement device with embedded rotary potentiometers was used to evaluate bilateral ankle coordination control. Participants were asked to move their dominant (non-paretic) foot from dorsiflexion to plantarflexion position and non-dominant (paretic) foot from dorsiflexion to plantarflexion position (condition 1) simultaneously, and vice versa (condition 2). Alternating time and angle for coordination control with movements of both ankles were calculated for each condition. Motor and functional performance measurements of the lower extremities included the lower-extremity portion of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Test (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Barthel Index (BI). Results: Compared with the healthy group, alternating time was shorter in the stroke group by 8.3% (p = 0.015), and the alternating angles of conditions 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those of the healthy group by 1.4° (p = 0.001) and 2.5° (p = 0.013), respectively. The alternating angle in condition 2 showed moderate correlations with TUG (r = 0.512; p = 0.025), 10-m walk (r = 0.747; p < 0.001), gait speed (r = − 0.497 to − 0.491; p < 0.05), length (r = − 0.518 to − 0.551; p < 0.05), and BI (r = − 0.457; p = 0.049). Conclusion: Stroke decreases alternating time, increases alternating angle, and shows bilateral ankle coordination control deficits temporally and spatially. A higher alternating angle is moderately to highly associated with motor function and lower limb function in patients with stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, we aim to investigate the well-posedness of solution and the regularity of the global attractor for the couple stress fluid in saturated porous media with the local thermal non-equilibrium effect. To be more specific, we firstly show the existence and uniqueness of global weak solution to the model by making use of the standard Galerkin method. Second, relying on verifying the uniformly compact condition required, we prove the existence of the global attractor of the model in the space where the weak solution resides. Finally, we improve the regularity of global attractor by uniformly compact condition and obtain the C ∞ attractor for the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammation plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Evidence regarding the prognostic effect of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in critically ill patients with AKI is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the association between SII and all-cause mortality in these patients. Detailed clinical data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Database (MIMIC)-IV. The primary outcome was set as the in-hospital mortality. A total of 10,764 AKI patients were enrolled in this study. The restricted cubic splines analyses showed a J-shaped curve between SII and the risk of in-hospital and ICU mortality. After adjusting for relevant confounders, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that both lower and higher SII levels were associated with an elevated risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality. A similar trend was observed for ICU mortality. In summary, we found that the SII was associated in a J-shaped pattern with all-cause mortality among critically ill patients with AKI. SII appears to be have potential applications in the clinical setting as a novel and easily accessible biomarker for predicting the prognosis of AKI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the potential application of the fluorescence dye Thioflavin-T (ThT), which can specifically bind to amyloid, as a powerful tool for monitoring secondary structural transitions of silk fibroin (SF) induced by pH in low solution concentrations was examined. Results showed that ThT emission intensities substantially increased when pH decreased from 6.8 to 4.8. This increase may be ascribed to conformational transitions from random coil to β-sheet. The morphology and secondary structure of SF were also investigated via TEM, AFM and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The information obtained herein can be utilized not only for the development of convenient and efficient noninvasive method for monitoring the assembly behavior of SF in aqueous solution but also for in vitro fluorescence imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we designed a label-free fluorometric turn-on assay for trypsin and inhibitor screening, based on a spherical cationic gemini surfactant ethylene-bis (dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide) (EDAB)/heparin/Nile red (NR) supramolecular assembly system. The introduction of gemini surfactant EDAB as template greatly enhanced its salt resistance and resulted in the supramolecular assemblies with diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The fluorometric assay for trypsin was performed by firstly disassembling with protamine (a heparin-binding protein) and then re-assembling through hydrolysis of protamine. The disassembly and reassembly of the system resulted in a turn-off first and then a turn-on behavior of the corresponding fluorescence. The overall processes were characterized by fluorescence spectra, TEM measurements and zeta potential tests. The detection level of this assembly system for trypsin was as low as 4.2 ng mL−1. Also, the EDAB/heparin/NR assembly could be used to screen the trypsin inhibitors. The assembly system was easily-fabricated and cost-effective, but also exhibited good salt tolerance in NaCl solution at the concentration of 0–500 mM. At last, the supramolecular assembly was successfully applied to detect trypsin in human urine, demonstrating its great potential on clinical diagnosis applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the presence of the Suginome reagent (PhMe2Si-Bpin), a large panel of electron-withdrawing alkenes was successfully converted into the hydrosilylated product in good to excellent yields. This direct electrochemical hydrosilylation does not require exogenous oxidants and catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic study supported the involvement of a silyl radical, which reacted on the alkene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Dynamic transition theory is used on couple-stress fluid saturated porous media convection problem. • Complete description of the global dynamics on and during the onset of convection is obtained. • Approximate bifurcated solutions are given and corresponding roll structures are visualized. • Transition types are determined during the onset of convection. In this article, we study the stability and transition of couple stress fluid saturated porous media, heated from below and cooled from above by employing a thermal non-equilibrium model. Careful analysis shows that the thermal non-equilibrium model has a global attractor, and the global attractor only consists of the basic solution if the Rayleigh number is equal or below a threshold. In generic case where the transitioning eigenvalue has multiplicity one, we show that the transition involved is of continuous type, and the basic solution will be bifurcated to two stable convection solutions which attract globally. If the leading eigenvalue multiplicity is two, the transition is also continuous and a global attractor homeomorphic to the unit circle bifurcates. The attractor then contains four steady-state convection solutions, two of which are stable while the other two are unstable. Further numerical works give more details in the transition process including the bifurcated roll structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface waters from three catchments having contrasting land-uses (forested, agricultural, and urban) were sampled monthly and analysed for nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (NPs-TiO 2) by single particle ICPMS and electron microscopy. We report one-year of data for NPs-TiO 2 having average number and mass concentrations of 9.1 × 108 NPs-TiO 2 particles L-1 and 11 µg NPs-TiO 2 L-1 respectively. An increase in concentration during warmer months is observed in the forested and agricultural catchments. Both concentrations of NPs-TiO 2 are within the range of recently reported values using similar analytical approaches. The positive correlations for NPs-TiO 2 mass concentration or particle number with the concentration of some trace elements and DOC in the forested and agricultural catchments suggest the detected NPs-TiO 2 in these two systems are mostly from geogenic origin. Additionally, microscopy imaging confirmed the presence of NPs in the three catchments. Furthermore, the land-area normalized annual flux of NPs-TiO 2 (1.65 kg TiO 2 year-1 km-2) was highest for the agricultural catchment, suggesting that agricultural practices have a different impact on the NPs-TiO 2 dynamics and exports than other land-uses (urban or forestry). A similar trend is also found by the reanalysis of recent literature data. [Display omitted] • The land-use has an impact on the TiO 2 nanoparticle concentrations, biogeochemistry, dynamics and exports rates. • Higher amounts of small sized TiO 2 nanoparticles are detected by sp-ICPMS. • Ti speciation varies with the type of soils and land-use. • DOM controls the number of TiO 2 nanoparticles in surface water samples. • Land-use impacts TiO 2 nanoparticles concentrations, dynamics and exports rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, buried bellows have often had safety accidents such as pipeline bursts and ground subsidence due to the lack of adequate mechanical properties and other quality problems. In order to improve the mechanical properties of bellows, fly ash (FA) was used as a reinforced filler in high density polyethylene (HDPE) to develop composites. The FA was surface treated with a silane coupling agent and HDPE-g-maleic anhydride was used as compatibilizer. Dumbbell-shaped samples were prepared via extrusion blending and injection molding. The cross-section morphology, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. It was observed that when 10% modified FA and 5% compatibilizer were added to HDPE, the tensile yield strength and tensile breaking strength of the composites were nearly 30.2% and 40.4% higher than those of pure HDPE, respectively, and the Young's modulus could reach 1451.07 MPa. In addition, the ring stiffness of the bellows was analyzed using finite element analysis. Compared with a same-diameter bellows fabricated from common commercially available materials, the ring stiffness increased by nearly 23%. The preparation method of FA/HDPE is simple, efficient, and low-cost. It is of great significance for the popularization of high-performance bellows and the high value-added utilization of FA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers surfaces were modified by complexing tannic acid (TA)-iron ions (Fe3+) to form a metal skeleton structure on the fibers. In this system a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups and other active groups on the fibers surfaces can stabilize the metal skeleton structure and enhance the interfacial peeling performance between the fibers and the composite rubber matrix. The modified PET fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical properties. The results showed that the peeling strength between the modified fibers and the rubber matrix was increased 45%. This method has the advantages of simple operation, mild conditions and low cost, which provides a new idea for the preparation of rubber/polyester fiber composites with excellent mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a kind of waterborne polyurethane coating material with excellent water resistance performance has been prepared through the cross-linking of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with a combination of multiple blocking agents applied. And then, with modified SiO 2 aerogel (SSA) added into the water-resistant waterborne polyurethane (FWPU), the highly water-resistant transparent waterborne polyurethane thermal insulation coating material was obtained. Basically, the addition of SSA has no impact on the water resistance performance of FWPU. Furthermore, through the proper addition of SSA, the adhesive force and heat insulation performance of the composite coating material can be improved. When the SSA content accounts for a 15 % solid content of FWPU, the composite coating present the best comprehensive performance. This highly water-resistant transparent waterborne polyurethane thermal-insulation coating material has the prospect of being used as thermal insulation surface coating on transparent materials such as building glass. • The synergy of multiple self-crosslinking on improving water resistance of waterborne polyurethane coatings were studied. • Thermal insulation performance of waterborne polyurethane coatings are improved by adding SiO 2 aerogel. • Hardness and adhesion of waterborne polyurethane coatings are also improved by control the amount of SiO 2 aerogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), characterized by a four‐electron transfer kinetic process, represents a significant bottleneck in improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from water electrolysis. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been directed towards identifying single‐atom electrocatalysts with exceptional OER performance. Despite the comprehensive understanding of the OER mechanism, its application to other valuable synthetic reactions has been limited. Herein, we leverage the MOOH intermediate, a key species in the Mn−N−C single‐atom catalyst (Mn‐SA@NC), which can be cyclically delivered in the OER. We exploit this intermediate' s capability to facilitate electrophilic transfer with silane, enabling efficient silane oxidation under electrochemical conditions. The SAC electrocatalytic system exhibits remarkable performance with catalyst loadings as low as 600 ppm and an exceptional turnover number of 9132. Furthermore, the catalytic method demonstrates stability under a 10 mmol flow chemistry setup. By serving as an OER electrocatalyst, the Mn‐SA@NC drives the entire reaction, establishing a practical Mn SAC‐catalyzed organic electrosynthesis system. This synthesis approach not only presents a promising avenue for the utilization of electrocatalytic OER but also highlights the potential of SACs as an attractive platform for organic electrosynthesis investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), characterized by a four‐electron transfer kinetic process, represents a significant bottleneck in improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from water electrolysis. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been directed towards identifying single‐atom electrocatalysts with exceptional OER performance. Despite the comprehensive understanding of the OER mechanism, its application to other valuable synthetic reactions has been limited. Herein, we leverage the MOOH intermediate, a key species in the Mn−N−C single‐atom catalyst (Mn‐SA@NC), which can be cyclically delivered in the OER. We exploit this intermediate' s capability to facilitate electrophilic transfer with silane, enabling efficient silane oxidation under electrochemical conditions. The SAC electrocatalytic system exhibits remarkable performance with catalyst loadings as low as 600 ppm and an exceptional turnover number of 9132. Furthermore, the catalytic method demonstrates stability under a 10 mmol flow chemistry setup. By serving as an OER electrocatalyst, the Mn‐SA@NC drives the entire reaction, establishing a practical Mn SAC‐catalyzed organic electrosynthesis system. This synthesis approach not only presents a promising avenue for the utilization of electrocatalytic OER but also highlights the potential of SACs as an attractive platform for organic electrosynthesis investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the world's most important corn pests. FAW larval dispersal is a major factor contributing to local spread and damage by this pest. In this study, we investigated the crawling and ballooning dispersal characteristics of FAW larvae in the laboratory and found that airflow was an important factor influencing larval ballooning and, thereby, the long-distance dispersal of FAW larvae. These results provide scientific information for field monitoring and control strategies against FAW. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major pest of corn worldwide. FAW larval dispersal is an important life strategy that influences FAW population distribution in corn fields and subsequent plant damage. We studied FAW larval dispersal in the laboratory with sticky plates placed around the test plant and a unidirectional airflow source. Crawling and ballooning were the main dispersal means of FAW larvae both within and between corn plants. All larval instars (1st–6th) could disperse by crawling, with crawling being the only dispersal mechanism for 4th–6th instars. By crawling, FAW larvae could reach all aboveground parts of a corn plant as well as adjacent corn plants where leaves overlapped. Ballooning was used primarily by 1st-3rd instar larvae, and the proportion of these larvae that used ballooning decreased with age. Ballooning was largely governed by the larva's interaction with airflow. Airflow influenced the direction and distance of larval ballooning. With an airflow speed of about 0.05 m/s, 1st instars could travel up to 196 cm from the test plant, indicating that long-distance FAW larval dispersal depends on ballooning. These results increase our understanding of FAW larval dispersal and provide scientific information for the development of FAW monitoring and control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Minimally invasive liver resection of the posterosuperior region is considered a challenging procedure due to poor exposure and difficult bleeding control. A robotic approach is supposed to be advantageous in posterosuperior segmentectomy. Its benefits over laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) remain undetermined. This study compared robotic liver resection (RLR) and LLR in the posterosuperior region performed by a single surgeon. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive RLR and LLR performed by a single surgeon between December 2020 and March 2022. Patient characteristics and perioperative variables were compared. A 1:1 propensity score matched (PSM) analysis was performed between both groups. Results: The analysis included 48 RLR and 57 LLR procedures in the posterosuperior region. After PSM analysis, 41 cases of both groups were retained. In pre-PSM cohort, the operative time in the RLR group was significantly shorter than in the LLR group (160 vs. 208 min, P = 0.001), especially in radical resection of malignant tumors (176 vs. 231 min, P = 0.004). The total Pringle maneuver duration was also markedly shorter (40 vs. 51 min, P = 0.047), and the estimated blood loss in the RLR group was lower (92 vs. 150 mL, P = 0.005). The postoperative hospital stay (POHS) in the RLR group was significantly shorter (5.4 vs. 7.5 days, P = 0.048). In PSM cohort, operative time in the RLR group was also significantly shorter (163 vs. 193 min, P = 0.036), and the estimated blood loss was lower (92 vs. 144 mL, P = 0.024). However, the total Pringle maneuver duration and POHS showed no significant difference. The complications were similar between two groups in both pre-PSM and PSM cohorts. Conclusion: RLR in the posterosuperior region was as safe and feasible as LLR. RLR was associated with reduced operative time and blood loss than LLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Health promotion is important in older adults. However, aging-induced frailty results in poor muscle activity in the upper limbs, leading to activity impairments. Fortunately, recent studies report that vibration is a safe approach for improving muscular function; however, different frequencies and directions of vibrations can result in inconsistencies in muscle function improvement, and further investigation is needed. We developed a handheld vibrator to determine the effect of vibration frequency and direction on upper-limb muscle activation. Nineteen qualified participants were exposed to vertical and horizontal vibrations with 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 Hz frequencies for 60 s each. Surface electromyography measured the activities of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), extensor carpi radialis (ECR), biceps, triceps, and deltoid anterior muscles. Muscle activity was significantly induced under vibration conditions in both vertical and horizontal directions. The 45-Hz horizontal vibration induced maximum muscle activations for the FDS, ECR, ECU, biceps, and triceps. The 60-Hz vertical and 30-Hz horizontal vibrations facilitated maximum muscle activations for the FCR and deltoid anterior, respectively. We therefore suggest different protocols of vibration for specific weak muscles to improve muscle function in the upper limbs of older adults. We aimed to determine the effect of vibration frequency and direction on upper-limb muscle activation using a handheld vibrator. We recruited 19 healthy participants who were instructed to hold a handheld vibrator in their dominant hand and maintain the elbow at 90° flexion, while vertical and horizontal vibrations were applied with frequencies of 15, 30, 45, and 60 Hz for 60 s each. Surface electromyography (EMG) measured the activities of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), extensor carpi radialis (ECR), biceps, triceps, and deltoid anterior muscles. EMG changes were evaluated as the difference in muscle activity between vibration and no-vibration (0 Hz) conditions. Muscle activity was induced under vibration conditions in both vertical and horizontal (p < 0.05) directions. At 45 Hz, FDS and FCR activities increased during horizontal vibrations, compared with those during vertical vibrations. ECU activity significantly increased under 15-Hz vertical vibrations compared with that during horizontal vibrations. Vibrations from the handheld vibrator significantly induced upper-limb muscle activity. The maximum muscle activations for FDS, ECR, ECU, biceps, and triceps were induced by 45-Hz horizontal vibration. The 60-Hz vertical and 30-Hz horizontal vibrations facilitated maximum muscle activations for the FCR and deltoid anterior, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is known and objective: For patients after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), clopidogrel combined with aspirin is a conventional dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) method. Because the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 gene leads to clopidogrel resistance, guidelines for antiplatelet recommendations in CYP2C19 of ultrarapid metabolizers (UM), extended metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM) are clear. However, there is no clear recommendation as to whether ticagrelor or double dose clopidogrel is the best antiplatelet regimen for CYP2C19 of intermediate metabolizers (IM). To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor (combined with aspirin) and high‐dose clopidogrel (combined with aspirin) in patients after PCI with CYP2C19 loss‐of‐function (LOF) alleles. Methods: We searched the following databases to select RCTs of comparing ticagrelor with high‐dose clopidogrel in patients after PCI with CYP2C19 LOF alleles: CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Clinical trials, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), platelet function and TIMI bleeding event were defined as the outcomes. revman 5.3 software was used to perform meta‐analysis. Results and discussion: A total of 14 RCTs with 2351 patients were enrolled. Meta‐analysis showed that compared with high‐dose clopidogrel, ticagrelor had reduced incidence of MACEs (OR = 0.32, 95% Cl: 0.23–0.44, p < 0.00001), stent thrombosis (OR: 0.24, 95%CI: 0.13–0.44, p < 0.00001), myocardial infarction OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.22–0.80, p = 0.008), revascularization (OR: 0.29, 95%CI: 0.10–0.82, p = 0.02) and unstable angina (OR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.29–0.77, p = 0.003) in patients after PCI with CYP2C19 LOF alleles. A subgroup analysis showed that ticagrelor reduced the risk of MACEs compared with high‐dose clopidogrel regardless of the type of metabolizer. Compared with high‐dose clopidogrel, ticagrelor significantly reduced the risk of MACE with longer follow‐up period (more than 3 months) without increasing the risk of bleeding (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.53–1.49, p = 0.30), while elevated dyspnoea (OR: 5.62, 95%CI: 3.07–10.28, p < 0.00001). What is new and conclusions: For patients carrying CYP2C19 LOF alleles after PCI, ticagrelor may be better than high‐dose clopidogrel in reducing the risk of MACEs, while dyspnoea incidents should be alerted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon-based magnetic absorbents are widely used for electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) rubber composites due to the dual electromagnetic wave loss effects of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. Co/Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles decorated carbon nanofiber aerogels (C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels) are prepared by carbonization of nanofiber network structure agarose/cobalt acetate. The in-situ synthetic C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels with carbon nanofiber network structure and controllable particle size of Co/Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles that have the good conductivity and tunable magnetic property increasing both of the dielectric loss and magnetic loss capabilities, which can improve the EMWA performance. Lightweight EMWA rubber composites with 3.75 wt% C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels have the same density as that of silicone rubber (PDMS), the effective absorption band (EAB, frequency for reflection loss<−10 dB) of PDMS/Co-1.25 is aways above 3 GHz when the thickness is bigger than 2.5 mm, the max EAB is 4.24 GHz at the thickness of 2.74 mm. The radar cross section (RCS) reduction can achieve 14 dBm2 when the perfectly electrically conductive (PEC) is covered by a 4.5 mm thick PDMS/Co-1.25. The intensity distributions of electric field, magnetic field and power loss density of EMWA rubber composites are exhibited based on the electromagnetic parameters. The rubber composites based on C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels can be used as lightweight flexible EMWA materials. [Display omitted] • C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels with in-situ synthetic Co/Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers are prepared. • Magnetic properties of C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels are investigated based on the characterizations of microstructure morphology and composition. • Lightweight EMWA rubber composites with 3.75 wt% C/Co/Co 3 O 4 aerogels have a maximum effective absorption band of 4.24 GHz. • The power loss density and radar cross section of lightweight EMWA rubber composites are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyester (PET) fibers must undergo impregnation with a resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL) solution to ensure efficient adhesion with rubber. However, the harmful, carcinogenic resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin in RFL impregnation solution negatively affects human health. In this paper, PET was pretreated with blocked isocyanate and epoxy resins to activate the fibers, and a new environmentally friendly fiber impregnation coating was developed. In the new impregnation coatings, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and m-xylylenediamine (MXDA) were applied to replace the resorcinol and formaldehyde. Moreover, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) containing epoxy groups and double bonds was introduced to enhance interaction with rubber further, and then styrene-butadiene-vinyl-pyridine (VP) latex was mixed. The results show that the peel strength of the impregnated PET/rubber composites with the new impregnation coatings can reach 14.0 N/mm, representing an increase of 30.8 % compared to that of the sample with the pure RFL impregnation coatings, whose peel strength is only 10.7 N/mm. Furthermore, the mechanism for enhancing the interfacial adhesive properties of PET/rubber composites was performed by analyzing the chemical composition and morphological changes of the impregnated PET surface, as well as the change of sulfur content at the interface of the impregnated PET/rubber composites and the transition gradient of interfacial modulus. [Display omitted] • A multi-component epoxy resin environmentally friendly fiber impregnation coatings was developed. • The new impregnation coatings has even better interfacial adhesive properties compared to the RFL impregnation coatings. • Interfacial elements, structure, and modulus changes of environmentally friendly impregnated coatings were characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Anisotropic hydrogels are obtained based on a magnetic field pre-induction strategy. • Oriented nanohybrids impart hydrogels with anisotropic electromechanical properties. • Anisotropic hydrogels exhibit highly accurate multidimensional sensing capability. • It contributes to the integration of strain sensing and magnetothermal physiotherapy. In this study, we present the development of wearable electronic devices with integrated sensing and physiotherapy functionalities, aiming to advance flexible multidimensional strain sensors. The as-developed electronic devices are based on a composite hydrogel with unique anisotropic electromechanical properties and exceptional magnetothermal capabilities. Specifically, two-dimensional nanohybrids possessing both conductive and magnetic properties are induced to align orientationally within the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) network through a magnetic field pre-induction strategy, resulting in the conductive hydrogels with anisotropic structures. The as-optimized composite hydrogel demonstrates distinct conductivities in the parallel and vertical directions, enabling the creation of a multidimensional strain sensor. This sensor is capable of accurately sensing strains in orthogonal directions, with distinguishable gauge factors (GF ∥ = 3.20, while GF ⊥ = 1.78) within the tensile strain range of 0 ∼ 60%. Additionally, the strain sensor exhibits a relatively fast response time (t ∥ = 74.47 ms, t ⊥ = 157.63 ms). Moreover, the composite hydrogel exhibits excellent magnetothermal physiotherapy capabilities, making it suitable for therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the conductive hydrogel can be assembled into a 3D distribution array, enabling the detection of both the magnitude and spatial distribution of stress. In summary, the anisotropic conductive hydrogel shows promise as a next-generation, multidimensional flexible strain and stress sensors with rehabilitation assistant functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytoextraction is an environmentally friendly phytoremediation technology that can reduce the total amount of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil. Hyperaccumulators or hyperaccumulating transgenic plants with biomass are important biomaterials for phytoextraction. In this study, we show that three different HM transporters from the hyperaccumulator Sedum pumbizincicola , SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6, possess Cd transport. These three transporters are located at the plasma membrane, tonoplast, and plasma membrane, respectively. Their transcripts could be strongly stimulated by multiple HMs treatments. To create potential biomaterials for phytoextraction, we overexpressed the three single genes and two combining genes, SpHMA2 & SpHMA3 and SpHMA2 & SpNramp6 , in rapes having high biomass and environmental adaptability, and found that the aerial parts of the SpHMA2 -OE3 and SpHMA2&SpNramp6 -OE4 lines accumulated more Cd from single Cd-contaminated soil because SpNramp6 transports Cd from root cells to the xylem and SpHMA2 from the stems to the leaves. However, the accumulation of each HM in the aerial parts of all selected transgenic rapes was strengthened in multiple HMs-contaminated soils, probably due to the synergistic transport. The HMs residuals in the soil after the transgenic plant phytoremediation were also greatly reduced. These results provide effective solutions for phytoextraction in both Cd and multiple HMs-contaminated soils. [Display omitted] • Transgenic rapes to remediate heavy-metal contaminated soil were created. • Sedum SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6 responded to Cd, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Zn stress. • Transgenic SpHMA2 and SpHMA2 & SpNramp6 rapes accumulated more Cd in shoots. • The synergistic transport of multiple HMs to shoots appeared in transgenic rapes. • The transport mechanism of SpHMA2, SpHMA3, and SpNramp6 was deduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural products are still the principal source of drug candidates or leading compounds in new drug discovery. It is an important challenge to innovate and construct a rapid and efficient research system of natural products. Microfluidic technology can miniaturize the analytical process such as sample pretreatment, reaction, separation and detection onto a single chip with multichannel. It is particularly suitable for the analysis and screening of trace natural products, with the benefits of rapid analysis, high information content, and low fabrication cost. This review comprehensively summarized the natural products-related design of the microfluidic device and the typical applications in the analysis, activity/toxicity evaluation, ADME study of natural products. We also discussed the limitations and challenges in previous studies. Finally, we proposed future research directions, development trends and potential applications of microfluidic device in natural products research. • Various fabrications of microfluidic chips for natural products research have been presented. • Applied in assay, activity screening, toxicity evaluation, ADME study of natural products. • Miniaturized screening chips showed rapid analysis, high sensitivity, high throughput. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]