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Lesion segmentation is a fundamental task in medical image processing, often facing the challenge of subtle lesions. It is important to detect these lesions, even though they can be difficult to identify. Convolutional neural networks, an effective method in medical image processing, often ignore the relationship between lesions, leading to topological errors during training. To tackle topological errors, move is made from pixel‐level to hypergraph representations. Hypergraphs can model lesions as vertices connected by hyperedges, capturing the topology between lesions. This paper introduces a novel dynamic hypergraph learning strategy called DHLS. DHLS allows for the dynamic construction of hypergraphs contingent upon input vertex variations. A hypergraph global‐aware segmentation network, termed HGSNet, is further proposed. HGSNet can capture the key high‐order structure information, which is able to enhance global topology expression. Additionally, a composite loss function is introduced. The function emphasizes the global aspect and the boundary of segmentation regions. The experimental setup compared HGSNet with other advanced models on medical image datasets from various organs. The results demonstrate that HGSNet outperforms other models and achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on three public datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, airborne and terrestrial laser scanning have been utilized to collect point cloud data for forest resource surveys, aiding in the estimation of tree and stand attributes over hectare-scale plots. In this study, an automated approach was devised to estimate the diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height across the entire sample area, utilizing information acquired from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and airborne laser scanning (ULS). Centered around a meticulously managed artificial forest in Northern China, where Mongolian oak and Chinese Scots pine are the predominant species, both TLS and ULS operations were conducted concurrently on each plot. Subsequent to data collection, a detailed processing of the point cloud data was carried out, introducing an innovative algorithm to facilitate the matching of individual tree point clouds from ULS and TLS sources. To enhance the accuracy of DBH estimation, a weighted regression correction equation based on TLS data was introduced. The estimations obtained for the Chinese Scots pine plots showed a correlation of R2 = 0.789 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.2 cm, while for the Mongolian oak plots, an improved correlation of R2 = 0.761 and a RMSE of 3.1 cm was observed between predicted and measured values. This research significantly augments the potential for non-destructive estimations of tree structural parameters on a hectare scale by integrating TLS and ULS technologies. The advancements hold paramount importance in the domain of large-scale forest surveys, particularly in the calibration and validation of aboveground biomass (AGB) estimations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smart city system, which is a type of enterprise management system (EMS), automatically manages cities and schedules resources efficiently based on spatial data generated by devices, such as the Internet of Things and mobile. However, with the increasing deployment of technologies, including sensor and location-based services, their ever-growing spatial data are no longer managed efficiently by traditional EMS. To overcome this issue, we present SeFrame, which is a spatially enabled framework for improving the efficiency of smart city EMS based on a distributed architecture. The framework supports a set of spatial queries, including: The range query, k-nearest neighbors query, and spatial join query. It benefits greatly from using the buffer-enabled partition method to eliminate duplicate results. In each partition, the local index based on combination of the quad-tree and grid index (CQG) significantly improves the spatial query efficiency in memory. CQG manages complex spatial objects, including a point, polygon, and polyline. By taking full advantage of the local index, SeFrame accesses skewed spatial data in constant time. In experiments, we demonstrated that the proposed method delivered superior performance in terms of scalability and query efficiency, in most cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High resolution remote sensing image cloud removal can bring a lot of convenience for human activities. However, the existing cloud removal algorithms have a variety of disadvantages. First of all, they have the disadvantages of long computing time and large consumption of computing resources. Secondly, the effect of recovery needs to be improved. In order to improve the above two points, a near real‐time effective algorithm is proposed, namely MSAR‐Defognet (multiple scale attention residual network using for cloud remove), which consumes less computing power and space and has superior cloud removal effect. On the one hand, several different large‐scale filters are chosen to extract the weak information effectively, while can save the computing power and shorten the image processing time. On the other hand, the fine‐grained convolution residual block with channel attention mechanism is used to enhance the network's ability to extract cloud features. In addition, a data set which is closer to the real cloud shape and has higher richness to train the cloud removal network, so that the parameters obtained by training have stronger robustness and can adaptively remove clouds with different thickness. Experiments show that, compared with other advanced network models, the network not only has the advantage of fast processing speed, but also has better image restoration effect in high‐resolution remote sensing image restoration. It can meet the requirements of many hard real‐time tasks, so that remote sensing images can play a greater value for human activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epilepsy is a common mental disorder that affects about 70 million people worldwide. Epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, an important means to judge epileptic seizure, needs neurologists' prior knowledge to mark manually. This marking method is time‐consuming and laborious. Currently, the existing automated diagnosis methods have achieved good results on one benchmark EEG dataset, most of which can achieve accuracy of more than 0.95. However, the method has limitations on the dataset, and the accuracy of the diagnosis results on another new dataset drops sharply to nearly 0.5. Aiming at the existing EEG signal diagnosis lacks stability and generalization ability, this paper proposed a multilayer‐weighted integrated self‐learning algorithm for different classifiers. For this algorithm, weighted voting was first conducted on the the diagnostic results by different classifiers to obtain a result, which was weighted again to produce the final diagnostic results. This algorithm improves the problem that the traditional self‐learning algorithm is greatly affected by data noise, which shows a strong stability in different data sets and in clinical epileptic EEG signal data detection, so as to reduce the workload of neurologists and provide support and assistance for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. The experiment result shows that the algorithm can improve the stability and reliability of EEG automatic diagnosis of epilepsy. The accuracy and AUC area of its classification in two different public data sets and clinical data can reach 0.80 to 0.95. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: With the development of smart Internet of things devices, intelligent applications are expected to lead further innovation in smart city. However, although cloud computing infrastructure can be used to meet traditional challenges, the scheduling model for new big data intelligent application has still not matured. In this work, we proposed a two‐stage scheduling framework for smart city intelligent application. In the first stage, we propose a virtual machine selection algorithm for edge computing to enhance relative migration benefits. The algorithm defines the invalid virtual machine migration and relative migration benefits from the change in the overall computing resources of the cloud data center after the virtual machine migration. In the second stage, we proposed an energy efficient and resource‐constrained scheduling framework for edge computing. The historical data of the cloud and edge computing workload of the computing node are processed in a sliding window manner, and the median absolute deviation of the historical data is used as the base of the physical reserved resource constraint when the base also changes as the workload changes. The experimental results show that energy‐efficient and resource‐constrained can make the computer resource provide high‐quality services for users in a low‐energy state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]