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Abstract Retention time predictions from molecule structures in liquid chromatography (LC) are increasingly used in MS–based targeted and untargeted analyses, providing supplementary evidence for molecule annotation and reducing experimental measurements. Nevertheless, different LC setups (e.g., differences in gradient, column, and/or mobile phase) give rise to many prediction models that can only accurately predict retention times for a specific chromatographic method (CM). Here, a generic and accurate method is present to predict retention times across different CMs, by introducing the concept of post–projection calibration. This concept builds on the direct projections of retention times between different CMs and uses 35 external calibrants to eliminate the impact of LC setups on projection accuracy. Results showed that post–projection calibration consistently achieved a median projection error below 3.2% of the elution time. The ranking results of putative candidates reached similar levels among different CMs. This work opens up broad possibilities for coordinating retention times between different laboratories and developing extensive retention databases.

Unveiling inherent interactions among solvents, Li+ ions, and anions are crucial in dictating solvation‐desolvation kinetics at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Developing an electrolyte with a low ion‐transport barrier and minimal solvent coordination in its interfacial solvation structure is essential for forming an anion‐derived solid‐electrolyte interface, a key component for high‐performance Li‐metal batteries. In this study, we harness electric dipole‐dipole synergistic interactions to formulate an electrolyte with significantly reduced interfacial solvent coordination. Operando characterization and theoretical analysis reveal that 2‐fluoropyridine (FPy) with high dipole preferentially adsorbs onto the Li metal surface. The adsorbed FPy molecule squeezes succinonitrile in the primary solvation sheath through steric hindrance, leading to the formation of an inorganic‐rich interphase. Consequently, the introduction of FPy enhances the reversible capacity of the LiCoO2||Li cell, which maintains a capacity of 143 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at a 1 C rate. Moreover, the cycle life of LiCoO2 batteries with a limited supply of lithium extends from 120 cycles to over 200 cycles. These findings offer a strategy that can be applied broadly to design interfacial solvation structures for various metal‐ion/metal‐based batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a complex agricultural region, determine the appropriate crop for each plot of land to maximize the expected total profit is the key problem in cultivation management. However, many factors such as cost, yield, and selling price are typically uncertain, which causes an exact programming method impractical. In this paper, we present a problem of crop cultivation planning, where the uncertain factors are estimated as fuzzy parameters. We adapt an efficient evolutionary algorithm, water wave optimization (WWO), to solve this problem, where each solution is evaluated based on three metrics including the expected, optimistic and pessimistic values, the combination of which enables the algorithm to search credible solutions under uncertain conditions. Test results on a set of agricultural regions in East China showed that the solutions of our fuzzy optimization approach obtained significantly higher profits than those of non-fuzzy optimization methods based on only the expected values.

Mounting studies have shown that the oncoproteins E6 and E7 encoded by the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome are essential in HPV‐induced cervical cancer (CC). Ca2+ binding protein 1 (CABP1), a downstream target of HPV18‐positive HeLa cells that interferes with E6/E7 expression, was identified through screening the GEO Database (GSE6926). It was confirmed to be down‐regulated in CC through TCGA prediction and in vitro detection. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that knocking down E6/E7 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas knocking down CABP1 promoted these processes. Simultaneously knocking down CABP1 reversed these effects. Additionally, the results were validated in vivo. Previous studies have indicated that CABP1 can regulate Ca2+ channels, influencing Ca2+ influx and tumor progression. In this study, it was observed that knocking down CABP1 enhanced Ca2+ inflow, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Knocking down E6/E7 inhibited these processes, whereas simultaneously knocking down E6/E7 and CABP1 restored the inhibitory effect of knocking down E6/E7 on Ca2+ inflow. To further elucidate that E6/E7 promotes CC progression by inhibiting CABP1 expression and activating Ca2+ influx, BAPTA/AM treatment was administered during CABP1 knockdown. It was discovered that Ca2+ chelation could reverse the effect of CABP1 knockdown on CC cells. In conclusion, our results offer a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of HPV‐induced CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let d (x , y) denote the length of a shortest path between vertices x and y in a graph G with vertex set V. For a positive integer k , let d k (x , y) = min { d (x , y) , k + 1 } and R k { x , y } = { z ∈ V : d k (x , z) ≠ d k (y , z) }. A set S ⊆ V is a distance-k resolving set of G if S ∩ R k { x , y } ≠ ∅ for distinct x , y ∈ V. In this paper, we study the maker-breaker distance- k resolving game (MB k RG) played on a graph G by two players, Maker and Breaker, who alternately select a vertex of G not yet chosen. Maker wins by selecting vertices which form a distance- k resolving set of G , whereas Breaker wins by preventing Maker from winning. We denote by O R , k (G) the outcome of MB k RG. Let ℳ , ℬ and , respectively, denote the outcome for which Maker, Breaker, and the first player has a winning strategy in MB k RG. Given a graph G , the parameter O R , k (G) is a non-decreasing function of k with codomain { − 1 = ℬ , 0 = , 1 = ℳ }. We exhibit pairs G and k such that the ordered pair (O R , k (G) , O R , k + 1 (G)) realizes each member of the set { (ℬ ,) , (ℬ , ℳ) , (, ℳ) } ; we provide graphs G such that O R , 1 (G) = ℬ , O R , 2 (G) = and O R , k (G) = ℳ for k ≥ 3. Moreover, we obtain some general results on MB k RG and study the MB k RG played on some graph classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium oxalate (Li2C2O4) is an attractive cathode pre-lithiation additive for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but its application is hindered by its high decomposition potential (>4.7 V). Due to the liquid–solid synergistic effect of the NaNO2 additive and the LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.1O2 (NCM) cathode material, the decomposition efficiency of micro-Li2C2O4 reaches 100% at a low charge cutoff voltage of 4.3 V. Our work boosts the widespread practical application of Li2C2O4 by a simple and promising electrolyte-assisted cathode pre-lithiation strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nitrogen content and solidification structure of the 1Mn18Cr18N ingots produced by the customized laboratory‐scale vacuum induction melting furnace and the pressure electroslag remelting furnace (PESR) with novel composite electrode under different pressure and the same power consumption are compared and studied. The results show that there are perfectly uniform radial chromium and nitrogen profiles during the PESR process. The nitrogen uptake reaction in the PESR process with composite electrode takes place on the liquid metal film on the electrode. Nitrogen uptake could be improved by increasing the nitrogen partial pressure. In addition, the basin depth at a pressure of 0.1 and 1.22 MPa is about 41 and 38 mm, the angle of the grains with respect to the vertical axis is 35° and 31°, respectively. The flat metal basin profile resulted from the thermal resistance at the slag–mold interface decreasing with increasing pressure. Primary and secondary dendritic arm spacing (PDAS and SDAS) variations exhibit an increasing and subsequently decreasing the trend as they move further away from the center in a horizontal direction. Both PDAS and SDAS decrease with increasing pressure from 0.1 to 1.22 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micrometer-sized silicon oxide (SiO) anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process. Herein, an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes. Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions (Li + ) and succinonitrile (SN). The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) optimizes the Li + solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability. Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion interaction. The unique Li + solvation structure, enriched with FEC and TFSI - , facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes. Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion. As a result, the SiO|LiCoO 2 full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes. This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. They have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024. The Author(s).)