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Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social, stereotypical, and repetitive behaviors. Neural dysregulation was proposed as an etiological factor in ASD. The sodium leakage channel (NCA), regulated by NLF-1 (NCA localization factor-1), has a major role in maintaining the physiological excitatory function of neurons. We aimed to examine the level of NLF-1 in ASD children and correlate it with the severity of the disease. We examined the plasma levels of NLF-1 in 80 ASD and neurotypical children using ELISA. The diagnosis and severity of ASD were based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), Childhood Autism Rating Score, Social Responsiveness Scale, and Short Sensory Profile. Then, we compared the levels of NLF-1 with the severity of the disease and behavioral and sensory symptoms. Our results showed a significant decrease in the plasma levels of NLF-1 in ASD children compared to neurotypical children (p

Background: Numerous types of carotenoids with other structures are produced by organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, yeast, higher plants, etc. In the present study, carotenoid pigment-producing, orange or red-pigmented organisms were isolated from scraping from the ship hull. Material and Methods: According to Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, the isolated bright orange pigmented organism was identified based on morphology, biochemical and physiological characters, strain myelin basic protein MBP-2 and identified as Planococcus maritimus. Results: Orange pigment was extracted by solvent extraction method and characterized by using UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, Transmission electron microscope, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The Maximum absorbance was obtained at 447 nm, justify the presence carotenoid pigment in MBP-2 and FTIR results reveals the same. The antibacterial activities were performed against gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was 6 ± 0.12 mm, Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579) was 12.3 ± 1.02 mm and gram negative Escherichia coli was 5.8 ± 0.91 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 39315) was 5.6 ± 1.12 mm and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13313) was 11.6 ± 1.01. Furthermore antifungal activities were tested against Aspergillus niger (5 ± 2.15 mm), Aspergillus flavus (25 ± 0.85 mm), Pencillium commune( 14.8 ± 1.15 mm), Pencillium digitatum (12.0 ± 1.8) mmand showed sensitive to some of the bacterial and fungal pathogens. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of pigment showed 19.46 ± 1.46% of cell death against DLA cells at 20 μl/ml of the drug concentration. Conclusion: The isolated orange carotenoid is a good source to treat antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer activates and further study to be implemented.

Computer code that transfers data to third parties (third-party tracking) is common across the web and is subject to few federal privacy regulations. We determined the presence of potentially privacy-compromising data transfers to third parties on a census of US nonfederal acute care hospital websites, and we used descriptive statistics and regression analyses to determine the hospital characteristics associated with a greater number of third-party data transfers. We found that third-party tracking is present on 98.6 percent of hospital websites, including transfers to large technology companies, social media companies, advertising firms, and data brokers. Hospitals in health systems, hospitals with a medical school affiliation, and hospitals serving more urban patient populations all exposed visitors to higher levels of tracking in adjusted analyses. By including third-party tracking code on their websites, hospitals are facilitating the profiling of their patients by third parties. These practices can lead to dignitary harms, which occur when third parties gain access to sensitive health information that a person would not wish to share. These practices may also lead to increased health-related advertising that targets patients, as well as to legal liability for hospitals.