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Various leather factories in West Bengal have resulted in an enormous amount of leather that is processed annually. Regular discharges of tannery effluents into land and open water have led to significant soil and water pollution, with one of the most dangerous inorganic pollutants being chromium (Cr). This study aims to recover the most harmful components from industrial water using efficient biosorbents. Brevibacillus brevisUS575 has been initially found in tannery effluents, where it has a high tolerance level to Cr6+ions. Utilizing microorganisms that can withstand high metal concentrations may emerge as a promising tool for the remediation of contaminated water sources. The Cr(VI) adsorbed from the solution in the aqueous phase during the 60-min contact period in this experiment was nearly 78%. Studies on the concentration of biomass, pH of the medium, and the starting concentration of metal ions have also been seen to affect the rate of biosorption. The biosorption efficiency of Brevibacillus brevisUS575 at optimized conditions of initial metal concentration of 200 μg/mL, 3 g/L of biomass dose, pH 2.0, 45 °C, for 60 min at 60 rpm was 78.58% and the biosorption capacity (Qe) is 108.48 mg/g of the biosorbent. According to the desorption investigation, 1 M HCl outperformed all other concentrations of HCl, NaOH, and pure water. The highest capacity of adsorption of the bio-adsorbent was calculated using the Langmuir model. The monolayer adsorption process was determined, and since the Freundlich model’s 1/nvalue fell inside 1, favorable adsorption has been postulated. According to the results of this study, the bacterium isolated from tannery wastewater was found to be the best alternative and could be used to create plans for biosorption to combat current environmental pollution.