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Introduction: Early loss of primary molars is considered as critical issue in pediatric dentistry, and the consequence will lead to pulpal involvement; pulpectomy is the preferable choice in that case. Conventionally, root canals have been instrumented with hand files, which may lead to iatrogenic errors due to its action. To overcome this, rotary Ni-Ti instruments have been used for preparation. Self-adjusting files (SAF) came into existence to reduce any inherent problems and chair side time of Ni-Ti instruments. Aim: To evaluate and compare instrumentation time, obturation time, and radiographic quality of obturation using SAF and Pro AF Baby Gold files in primary molar pulpectomies. Methodology: A total of 26 teeth from the age group of 5-7 years were selected, who were randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 using SAF (n = 13) and Group 2 using Pro AF Baby Gold files (n = 13). Instrumentation time, obturation time, and radiographic quality of obturation were evaluated. Data obtained were compiled, tabulated, and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The results show that superior instrumentation time, obturation time, and quality obturation were seen in Group 1 compared to Group 2. Conclusion: Clinically, the use of SAF was effective and showed better results when compared to Pro AF baby gold files in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]