59 results on '"La N"'
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2. Detection of the carcinogenic liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini: comparison of two coprological methods versus the automatic feces analyzer.
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Boonsuya, A., Arunsan, P., Pechdee, P., La, N., Thanchonnang, C., Rattanapitoon, N. K., and Rattanapitoon, S. K.
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- 2024
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3. O-199 IVF success rates:challenging the concept of recurrent implantation failure
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Vomstein, Kilian, Westergaard, David, Zedeler, Anne, Mortensen, Laust Hvas, La, N, Freiesleben, Cour, Nielsen, Henriette Svarre, Vomstein, Kilian, Westergaard, David, Zedeler, Anne, Mortensen, Laust Hvas, La, N, Freiesleben, Cour, and Nielsen, Henriette Svarre
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Study question What is the likelihood of pregnancy in successive IVF attempts, and how does it relate to the concept of recurrent implantation failure? Summary answer The first two IVF transfer attempts have the highest pregnancy chances, while subsequent attempts show stability, challenging the notion of recurrent implantation failure. What is known already According to the theory of recurrent implantation failure (RIF), around 10% of patients undergoing several embryo transfers fail to implant due to certain risk factors. This should eventually enrich this subset as more transfers are performed. According to conventional thinking, this group’s IVF success rates should therefore soon start to significantly fall. Recent studies on euploid embryo transfers, however, have started to challenge this idea. They suggest that the IVF success rate drop may be less than previously believed, and that RIF may be less prevalent than previously expected. Study design, size, duration This registry study of the Danish IVF registry used historical data from 1994 to 2019, comprising a large cohort of 85,453 unique women who underwent 171,159 transfers. Participants/materials, setting, methods A participant could receive up to ten transfers in a row. The live birth rate (LBR) for every transfer cycle, as well as the cumulative LBR was calculated. After achieving a pregnancy, the woman was censored. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 33.8 (33.7-33.8) years at the time of the first ovarian stimulation with a mean BMI of 24.2 kg/m2. Main results and the role of chance The median number of stimulations was 2 and a total median number of 8 oocytes were obtained per patient. The first two transfer-attempts had the highest LBR, with 38.48% and 33.99%, respectively. Subsequent attempts showed a gradual decline but maintained relative stable: the LBR was 30.61% in the third attempt, followed by 28.00% for
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- 2024
4. Oral parasitic protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis in periodontal disease patients, northeastern Thailand.
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Boonsuya, A., Chitpitaklert, P., Pechdee, P., Srithongklang, W., Thanchonnang, C., La, N., Gordon, C. N., Rattanapitoon, N. K., Arunsan, P., and Rattanapitoon, S. K.
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- 2023
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5. Molecular identification of Opisthorchis viverrini among the northeastern Cambodian population by internal transcribed spacer 2 based polymerase chain reaction.
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La, N., Leng, M., Arunsan, P., Pechdee, P., Boonsuya, A., Thanchonnang, C., Rattanapitoon, N. K., and Rattanapitoon, S. K.
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- 2023
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6. The Use of WhatsApp Messaging by Teachers of Medical Education as a Communication Tool at the Catholic University of Cuenca
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Karina Serrano, María Isabel Herrera Jaramillo, Tania Cruz Gavilanes, Yolanda de la N Cruz Gavilanez
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Higher Education, Internet, instant messaging, wattsap, applications - Abstract
Technological progress in electronic devices and their applications have appeared in various areas, and instant messaging is used in the daily life of each person with a smart phone. This study focused on using WhatsApp by teachers at the Catholic University of Cuenca (UCACUE). The purpose of this study was to understand how much teachers use WhatsApp and, secondly, to find out how useful this tool is for their academic activities. It was a quantitative study that took innovative arguments in everyday life, WhatsApp and its use among higher education teachers. This study conducted a survey with a sample of 63 professors from the Catholic University of Cuenca from the faculties of Medicine, Biopharmacy and Nursing. The results obtained show intensive use of the application. WhatsApp is becoming an effective communication tool between students and teachers because a wide range of people uses it, most of them have smartphones with the WhatsApp application installed, although other options may have an application with better features than WhatsApp. From the research results, it can be concluded that WhatsApp is a widely used tool among teachers and high-level students.
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- 2023
7. The Use of WhatsApp Messaging by Teachers of Medical Education as a Communication Tool at the Catholic University of Cuenca
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Karina Serrano, María Isabel Herrera Jaramillo, Tania Cruz Gavilanes, and Yolanda de la N Cruz Gavilanez
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Technological progress in electronic devices and their applications have appeared in various areas, and instant messaging is used in the daily life of each person with a smart phone. This study focused on using WhatsApp by teachers at the Catholic University of Cuenca (UCACUE). The purpose of this study was to understand how much teachers use WhatsApp and, secondly, to find out how useful this tool is for their academic activities. It was a quantitative study that took innovative arguments in everyday life, WhatsApp and its use among higher education teachers. This study conducted a survey with a sample of 63 professors from the Catholic University of Cuenca from the faculties of Medicine, Biopharmacy and Nursing. The results obtained show intensive use of the application. WhatsApp is becoming an effective communication tool between students and teachers because a wide range of people uses it, most of them have smartphones with the WhatsApp application installed, although other options may have an application with better features than WhatsApp. From the research results, it can be concluded that WhatsApp is a widely used tool among teachers and high-level students.
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- 2023
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8. Molecular detection of oral Trichomonas tenax in periodontal disease patients by polymerase chain reaction-based 18S rRNA gene.
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Chitpitaklert, P., Boonsuya, A., Pechdee, P., Thanchonnang, C., LA, N., Rattanapitoon, N. K., Arunsan, P., and Rattanapitoon, S. K.
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- 2023
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9. Strategic integration of technology to foster students’ learning outcomes and motivation in legal English lessons
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La Nguyen Binh Minh
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educational technology ,esp ,legal english ,motivation ,ict ,Language and Literature ,Education - Abstract
This research aims to examine the correlation between the strategic utilization of technology in teaching legal English, a type of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), and students’ motivation. To achieve this aim, experimental research was designed and carried out over a semester (15 weeks) with the participation of 52 first-year students majoring in International Business and Trade Law. They were randomly and evenly divided into the Treatment group and the Control group which received teaching methods using technology and traditional teaching methods respectively. The data were obtained using pre- and post-achievement tests and a motivation questionnaire and then analyzed by using IBM SPSS software v26.0. The findings reveal that the use of technology in legal English lessons has significantly enhanced students’ academic performance. With reference to motivation, such methods resulted in an overall increase in students’ motivation from a pre-treatment moderate level to a post-treatment high level. Remarkably, the motivational factors positively affected by instructional technologies are intrinsic motivation, personal relevance, self-efficacy, assessment anxiety, and self-determination. However, there was no statistically significant change in students’ extrinsic motivation before and after the intervention, which was found to be high in the pre- and post-survey. Based on the results, this study advocates for the well-planned, systematic use of technology to teach legal English in particular and ESP in general.
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- 2024
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10. Intestinal parasitic infections and risk factors among the population in Cambodia.
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La, N., Leng, M., Rattanapitoon, N. K., Pechdee, P., Boonsuya, A., Arunsan, P., and Rattanapitoon, S. K.
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- 2022
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11. Explaining the Energy-Saving Behavioral Intention of Workers in Industrial Zones
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La Nguyen Thuy Dung, Quoc Nghi Nguyen, and Le Thi Dieu Hien
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Theory of Planned Behavior, Behavioral Intention, Energy-Saving, Workers, Industrial Zones ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade ,HD9502-9502.5 - Abstract
The objective of this study is to demonstrate the factors influencing the energy-saving behavioral intention of workers employed in industrial zones in Vietnam. The study applies the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain the energy-saving behavioral intention of workers. Convenience sampling was used to collect data, with an official sample size of 454 workers. The research process includes six steps, combining both qualitative and quantitative research. The research results indicate that the energy-saving intention of workers in industrial zones is positively influenced by factors such as attitude, perceived behavioral control, personal moral norms, injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and perceived benefits. Among these, the attitude factor was evaluated as having the strongest impact on energy-saving intention. The study proposes several managerial implications to enhance the energy-saving intention of workers in industrial zones.
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- 2024
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12. EFEITOS DOS CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS EM LMA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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LP Bertulessi, JS Cardoso, LHMSG Gracioli, LA Noguti, MOC Lira, MRP Gonçalves, FG Holanda, MF Lima, and ALT Teruya
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Objetivo: Analisar e descrever os efeitos dos Cuidados Paliativos no manejo da Leucemia Mieloide Aguda (LMA), destacando a importância e a relevância deste tema no contexto atual da prática médica e na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Metodologia: Esse estudo consiste em uma revisão de literatura realizada com a pesquisa de materiais bibliográficos nas bases de dados PubMed e BVS. A estratégia de busca incluiu os descritores “Palliative Care”, “Prognosis”, “Leukemia Myeloid Acute”, combinados pelo operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos estudos dos últimos 5 anos, em inglês e português, e de acesso aberto. Foram excluídos os artigos não disponíveis na íntegra e aqueles que não abordavam os objetivos do trabalho. Foram encontrados 155 artigos, dos quais 41 foram selecionados para leitura e análise crítica. Por tratar-se de uma pesquisa que não envolveu seres humanos, a submissão ao Comitê de Ética foi dispensada. Resultados: Apesar das numerosas barreiras presentes no uso dos cuidados paliativos na leucemia mieloide aguda, sejam relacionadas a incertezas prognósticas ou questões políticas, os benefícios proporcionados por esses cuidados são substanciais. Eles promovem uma melhoria na qualidade de vida do paciente ao aliviar sintomas psicológicos e físicos, além de facilitar um enfrentamento mais adaptativo e reduzir o enfrentamento evitativo. A integração precoce dos cuidados paliativos está associada a melhora nos resultados clínicos dos pacientes. Estudos evidenciaram que pacientes com maior nível de escolaridade e acesso ao Medicaid (programa de saúde social dos Estados Unidos) são os que mais fazem uso desses cuidados, enquanto aqueles com maior renda tendem a buscá-los com menor frequência. Discussão: A leucemia mieloide aguda é o tipo de leucemia agudo mais comum em adultos, caracterizada pela proliferação anormal de progenitores da linhagem mieloide, ocasionando seu acúmulo na medula óssea e no sangue periférico. Entretanto, sua manifestação clínica é inespecífica o que pode culminar no atraso diagnóstico. Com a implementação da Política Nacional de Prevenção e Controle do Câncer, os cuidados paliativos entraram como parte assistencial essencial no tratamento oncológica, visto que são os mais são indicados quando se trata de uma doença ativa, progressiva e ameaçadora da continuidade da vida. Estes devem ser iniciado no momento diagnóstico e podem ser intensificados ao longo do tempo conforme as necessidades do paciente e da família, sejam elas de aspectos físicos, psicossociais ou espirituais. Conclusão: Visto que a Leucemia Mieloide Aguda apresente sintomas inespecíficos e seja uma doença de rápida progressão, é essencial um tratamento intensivo. Dito isso, é indiscutível que os cuidados paliativos se evidenciam como essenciais na gestão dessa doença, visto que contribuí substancialmente ao promover o alívio dos sintomas psicológicos e físicos do paciente e familiares, melhor aceitação ao tratamento e melhor prognóstico. Logo, é indispensável superar as barreiras que ainda impedem a implementação ampla dos cuidados paliativos no manejo clínico de pessoas com LMA, a fim de que ocorram melhoraras nos resultados clínicos e na qualidade de vida do paciente.
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- 2024
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13. O PAPEL DA HEMOTERAPIA IMPACTANDO POSITIVAMENTE NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PACIENTE COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME E ÚLCERAS CRÔNICAS DE MEMBROS INFERIORES – RELATO DE CASO
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PG Moura, MS Simão, C Rebello, RL Lima, M Augusto, IG Cláudio, L Avelar, LA Nunes, and F Akil
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Resumo: Relato de caso de paciente de 44 anos com Doença Falciforme (DF) sem tratamento otimizado, com úlceras crônicas de membros inferiores desde 2017 e que, após o início do programa de transfusões de troca obteve melhora expressiva e resolução quase completa, mudando a trajetória da sua vida pessoal e social. Introdução: A manifestação cutânea mais comum em paciente com DF é a úlcera maleolar. São lesões dolorosas, podem ser extensas, de difícil tratamento e cicatrização, comumente infectadas e redicivantes. A patogênese da úlcera parece ser multifatorial, sendo alguns desses fatores: precipitação das hemácias falcizadas com ocorrência de vaso oclusão de micro vasos, hemólise intravascular, formação de micro trombos locais com deposição de fibrina na luz do vaso e liberação de citocinas pró inflamatórias. As úlceras cutâneas trazem impactos físicos, psicológicos e sociais na vida do paciente, deixando-o muitas vezes incapacitante. Relato do caso: Paciente de 44 anos, masculino, negro, ex-bancário, com diagnóstico de DF SS aos 7 anos de idade após múltiplas internações por crises vaso oclusivas. Em 2014 iniciou uso de hidroxiureia. Em 2017, surgiu uma úlcera perimaleolar em membro inferior esquerdo. Em novembro/ 20, foi internado por STA pós COVID grave, ficando em ventilação mecânica e evoluindo com hipertensão pulmonar grave e aumento da úlcera em membro inferior. Desde então, paciente internou inúmeras vezes, por descompensação do quadro respiratório e necessidade transfusional. Em Janeiro/23, evoluiu com nova úlcera em membro inferior direito, sendo ambas úlceras extremamente dolorosas, profundas, extensas, por vezes infectadas, secretivas e fétidas, nunca resolvidas. Devido às limitações que as úlceras lhe trouxeram e à má qualidade de vida, o paciente relatou tentativas de autoextermínio, levando ao afastamento da vida social e profissional. Em fevereiro/24, paciente chegou ao ambulatório de hemoterapia bem debilitado, com Hb em torno de 5 g/dl, usando cadeira de rodas por dificuldade de deambulação, com dor importante em úlceras extensas. Foi, então, submetido inicialmente a transfusões simples de hemácias filtradas e fenotipadas devido à anemia grave, e posteriormente, iniciado programa de transfusões de troca mensais no qual se mantém atualmente. Após o início das transfusões de troca a úlcera do MID cicatrizou por completo (fechamento em junho 2024) e a do MIE já se apresenta bem menor, superficial, menos dolorosa, e o paciente já deambula sem auxílio e refere melhora importante na qualidade de vida, com diversos projetos para o futuro. Discussão: As úlceras maleolares se destacam entre os agravos crônicos de difícil resolução em pacientes com DF, acometendo cerca de 20% dos portadores da doença, adultos jovens e podem permanecer abertas por anos. Levam à alta morbimortalidade, quadros graves de infecção, sangramento, dor crônica e complicações osteoarticulares. Além da dificuldade do manejo em si, os pacientes portadores de úlceras crônicas vivem grandes impactos em outras dimensões da vida como profissional, sentimental e social. Muitos desenvolvem transtornos psiquiátricos, potencializados por preconceitos e rupturas sociais. Em nosso relato de caso, com a otimização do tratamento da DF com as transfusões de troca, presenciamos a melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente, melhora da saúde mental e o retorno do mesmo para as atividades sociais e para o convívio família.
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- 2024
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14. IMPACTO DA TRANSFUSÃO DE TROCA AUTOMATIZADA EM PACIENTE COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME DE EVOLUÇÃO GRAVE CURSANDO COM HEMATOPOIESE EXTRAMEDULAR– RELATO DE CASO
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PG Moura, VLR Pessoa, BL Raposo, MS Simão, LA Nunes, C Rebello, IG Claudio, RL Lima, L Avelar, and F Akil
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Resumo: Relato de caso de paciente de 15 anos com Doença Falciforme (DF)de evolução grave, com surgimento de lesão paravertebral evidenciada em exame de ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM), sugerindo hematopoiese extramedular (HEM) e que obteve resolução completa com desaparecimento da lesão após o início do programa de transfusões de troca. Introdução: A HEM é considerada um mecanismo fisiológico compensatório que ocorre quando a medula óssea é incapaz de suprir a demanda de células sanguíneas. Frequentemente, está associada a hemoglobinopatias congênitas ou a desordens de substituição medular adquiridas. Embora qualquer órgão possa estar envolvido, o fígado e o baço são os sítios mais comuns, mas eventualmente acomete torácica como massas lobuladas paravertebrais com densidades de partes moles ao exame de imagem. Relato do caso: Paciente de 15 anos, masculino, pardo, estudante, com diagnóstico de DF S-ßtalassemia realizado pela triagem neonatal, e de osteocondrose múltipla. Menor evoluindo com hipodesenvolvimento e diversas internações por crises vasoclusivas e síndromes torácicas agudas com grande necessidade transfusional. Além disso menor realizou diversas cirurgias ao longo da primeira infância a fim de retirar os osteocondromas. Em junho/23 durante uma internação por crise álgica severa, foi realizada RNM de coluna torácica sendo evidenciada lesões a nível de D4 e D6 descritas inicialmente como hemangiomas, mas que após discussão com radiologista foi aventada a hipótese de HEM. Em julho/23, paciente foi incluído em programa de transfusões de troca manuais mensais no ambulatório transfusional Serum Centro. Em novembro/23 foi instituída a troca por eritracitoaférese, a fim de controlar melhor os níveis de HbS e espaçar os intervalos das trocas, visto que paciente morava em outro município. Após o início das transfusões de troca, houve desaparecimento completo da massa na RNM março/24 e paciente se mantém atualmente no programa de troca automatizada em média a cada 5- 6 semanas. Discussão: : A HEM é um mecanismo compensatório fisiológico, frequentemente associado a hemoglobinopatias, que consiste em áreas microscópicas difusas de tecido hematopoiético que podem ser encontradas diversas partes do corpo. A biópsia por agulha deve ser evitada, em função da alta vascularização deste tecido. O tratamento é o da doença de base e o tecido hematopoiético não deve ser removido, exceto nos casos de haver compressão medular. No nosso relato, com a otimização do tratamento da DF, através da instituição do programa de transfusões de troca automatizada, mantendo Hb basal em torno de 9-10 g/dl e HbS em torno de 30-35% houve desaparecimento da massa torácica confirmada no exame de RNM março/24. Além disso temos que o paciente teve um grande desenvolvimento pondero estatural no período, com melhora da qualidade de vida e da sua autoestima. Conclusão: O achado de massas paravertebrais bilaterais ou não, bem definidas em pacientes com doença falciforme e outras anemias hemolíticas deve alertar para a possibilidade diagnóstica de HEM. Nesses casos o tratamento da doença de base deve ser otimizado às custas de terapia transfusional adequada. A transfusão de troca automatizada – eritrocitaférese garante o manejo seguro e eficaz, mantendo os níveis de HbS adequados.
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- 2024
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15. A IMPLANTAÇÃO DA TROCA AUTOMATIZADA DE GLÓBULOS VERMELHOS (ERITROCITAFÉRESE) COMO MODALIDADE DE TRATAMENTO EM PACIENTES COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME: EXPERIÊNCIA DO AMBULATÓRIO TRANSFUSIONAL SERUM CENTRO – RJ
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PG Moura, MS Simão, LA Nunes, RL Lima, L Avelar, FN Lima, PCP Grossi, IG Claudio, and F Akil
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução: A Doença Falciforme (DF) é uma doença genética e hereditária caracterizada por uma mutação no gene que produz a hemoglobina (HbA), fazendo surgir uma hemoglobina mutante denominada S (HbS). É a doença genética e hereditária mais predominante no Brasil e no mundo. A terapêutica transfusional tem um papel importante no controle da doença através de três objetivos principais. aumentar os níveis de hemoglobina, melhorando a anemia; reduzir o percentual de eritrócitos com concentrações intracelulares elevadas de HbS, de forma a prevenir a falcização e reduzir as complicações de vasoclusão; e por último, visa suprimir a produção de células falciformes, através da melhor oxigenação tecidual. Há três modalidades diferentes de transfusão sanguínea em pacientes com DF: transfusão simples, trocas manuais e automatizadas (eritrocitaféreses). Material e métodos: Estudo observacional e descritivo dos pacientes com DF submetidos a transfusão de troca automatizada no ambulatório transfusional Serum Centro – RJ. Os dados foram coletados de forma retrospectiva, através da análise dos prontuários. Foram avaliados: idade, sexo, genótipo, indicação do programa de troca, hemoglobina e hematócrito pré transfusional, concentração de HbS pré transfusional, volume de sangue transfundido, complicações associadas à técnica, intervalo entre as sessões, adesão ao tratamento e as intercorrências no intervalos das trocas. De junho/22 a julho/24, 6 pacientes foram inseridos no programa de eritracitaférese, totalizando 42 sessões realizadas sendo todas à nível ambulatorial. Todas as sessões mantiveram estado isovolumétrico e foram realizadas em acesso venoso periférico. A concentração alvo de HbS foi de 30-35%, e o cálculo de troca foi realizado na calculadora RBCX. Resultados: Os procedimentos foram realizados no mesmo equipamento Optia, por equipe médica e enfermagem fidelizados. Todos os pacientes receberam hemoconcentrados filtrados e fenotipados; para 2 pacientes foi acrescido o protocolo de lavagem por reação transfusional alérgica prévia e 1 paciente, candidato à TMO, recebeu bolsas irradiadas. As indicações foram: 2 pacientes com STA prévio e VOC de repetição, 1 paciente por DTC anormal, 1 paciente por STA e úlcera de perna, 1 por AVC e 1 em preparo cirúrgico. Em relação ao sexo 4 são do sexo masculino e 2 feminino. Quanto ao genótipo todos do tipo SS, 3 tiveram diagnóstico pela triagem neonatal. A faixa etária variou entre 11 e 61 anos e o número de sessões entre 1 e 18 sessões. A maioria das sessões transcorreu sem intercorrências (n = 40), exceto alguns desafios como: problema com equipamento (n = 1), hipocalcemia (n = 2), perda do acesso venoso sendo finalizando com troca manual (n = 2).O intervalo entre as sessões variou de 4 a 7 semanas, e a adesão ao tratamento foi de 100%.Nenhum paciente internou por complicações após o início das eritrocitaférese. Conclusão: O diagnóstico através da triagem neonatal, o uso de antibióticos profiláticos, a promoção do auto cuidado, a educação do paciente e familiares, o atendimento especializado multidisciplinar colocando o paciente no centro do cuidado e o suporte hemoterápico de qualidade são pilares para melhora da qualidade de vida e redução da mortalidade pela DF. A eritrocitaférese automatizada é uma modalidade de transfusão de troca atual, segura e eficaz para o manejo de pacientes com complicações de doença falciforme, assegurando uma diminuição do valor da HbS ao final, possibilitando aumentar o intervalo entre sessões, o que favorece a adesão ao tratamento. O grande limitador na amplificação da eritracitaferese é um acesso venoso adequado e o número de máquinas disponíveis.
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- 2024
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16. Time from injury to hip-fracture surgery in low-income and middle-income regions: a secondary analysis of data from the International Orthopaedic Multicentre Study in Fracture Care (INORMUS)
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Elizabeth Armstrong, MPH, Kris Rogers, PhD, Chuan Silvia Li, MSc, Jagnoor Jagnoor, PhD, Paul Moroz, MD, Gerald Chukwuemeka Oguzie, MD, Samuel Hailu, MD, ProfMD Theodore Miclau, III, MD, Fernando de la Huerta, MD, Jose de Jesus Martinez-Ruiz, MD, Fernando Bidolegui, MD, ProfMD Junlin Zhou, MD, ProfMD Xinlong Ma, MD, ProfMD Bo Wu, MD, Parag Sancheti, PhD, La Ngoc Quang, MD, Vali Baigi, PhD, Mashyaneh Haddadi, MD, Maoyi Tian, PhD, Sheila Sprague, PhD, ProfMD P J Devereaux, PhD, ProfMD Mohit Bhandari, PhD, ProfPhD Rebecca Ivers, PhD, Gordon Guyatt, Brad Petrisor, Lehana Thabane, Respicious Boniface, Bruce Browner, Andrew Pollak, Gerard Slobogean, Emil Schemitsch, Paula McKay, Kerry Tai, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Lisa Buckingham, Robyn Norton, Jing Zhang, Samina Parveen, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Saam Morshed, Madeline C. Mackechnie, Zhentao Zhang, Yinghua Ma, Yanguo Qin, Sanbao Hu, Baochang Qi, Wenjie Dai, Xinyu Cai, Gang Rui, Hua Chen, Vijay Shetty, Sampat Dumbre Patil, Sanjay Patil, Sandeep Shrivastava, Ravi Mittal, Thilak Samuel Jepegnanam, Anupam Mahajan, Harvinder Singh Chhabra, Rajagopalan N, Rajkumar S. Amaravathi, Mandeep S. Dhillon, Asolie Chase, Neel M. Bhavsar, Soheil Saadat, Subin Byanjankar, Raja Irfan Qadir, Irewin Alagar Tabu, Wanjak Ponggsamakthai, Paphon Sa-ngasoongsong, Panchu Subramanian, Benjamin Muluku Ndeleva, Mark Lutomia, Fred Mathew Toboso Otseyeno, Geoffrey Chege Mwangi, Henry Tanyi Ndasi, Dominic Konadu-Yeboah, Gregory Firth, Paul Marealle, Rogers Temu, Tony Mutanda, Marcelo Rio, Jose Eduardo Quintero, Mauricio Zuluaga, Tomás Minueza, Ricardo Madrigal, Manuel Ylizaliturri, Mario Garuz, Julio Segovia Altieri, and Igor A. Escalante Elguezabal
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Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 ,Medicine - Abstract
Summary: Background: Globally, fall-related injuries are a substantial problem, and 80% of fatal falls occur in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to measure time from injury to hip-fracture surgery in people aged 50 years or older living in low-income and middle-income regions, as well as to measure the proportion of patients with surgical stabilisation of their hip fracture within 72 h of admission to hospital and to identify risk factors associated with surgical delay. Methods: For this secondary analysis, we analysed data collected from Africa, Latin America, China, India, and Asia (excluding China and India) for the International Orthopaedic Multicentre Study in Fracture Care (INORMUS) between March 29, 2014, and June 15, 2022. Patients from INORMUS were included in this analysis if they were aged 50 years or older and had an isolated, primary hip fracture sustained from a ground-level fall. Staff at participating hospitals identified patients with musculoskeletal injury and referred them for assessment of eligibility. We report time from injury to surgery as three distinct time periods: time from injury to hospital admission, time from admission to surgery, and a total time from injury to surgery. Date and time of injury were self-reported by patients at the time of study recruitment. If time to hospital admission after injury exceeded 24 h, patients reported the primary reason for delayed admission. Reasons for surgery, no surgery, and surgical delay were reported by the treating team. For patients undergoing surgery, multivariable regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for surgical delay. Findings: 4486 adults aged 50 years or older with an isolated, primary hip fracture were enrolled in INORMUS from 55 hospitals in 24 countries. Countries were grouped into five regions: Africa (418 [9·3%] of 4486), Latin America (558 [12·4%]), China (1680 [37·4%]), India (1059 [23·6%]) and Asia (excluding China and India; 771 [17·2%]). Of 4486 patients, 3805 (84·8%) received surgery. The rate of surgery was similar in all regions except in Africa, where only 193 (46·3%) of 418 patients had surgery. Overall, 2791 (62·2%) of 4486 patients were admitted to hospital within 24 h of injury. However, 1019 (22·7%) of 4486 patients had delayed hospital admission of 72 h or more from injury. The two most common reasons for delayed admission of more than 24 h were transfer from another hospital (522 [36·2%] of 1441) and delayed care-seeking because patients thought the injury would heal on its own (480 [33·3%]). Once admitted to hospital, 1451 (38·1%) of 3805 patients who received surgery did so within 72 h (median 4·0 days [IQR 1·7–6·0]). Regional variation was seen in the proportion of patients receiving surgery within 72 h of hospital admission (92 [17·9%] of 514 in Latin America, 53 [27·5%] of 193 in Africa, 454 [30·9%] of 1471 in China, 318 [44·4%] of 716 in Asia [excluding China and India], and 534 [58·6%] of 911 in India). Of all 3805 patients who received operative treatment, 2353 (61·8%) waited 72 h or more from hospital admission. From time of injury, the proportion of patients who were surgically stabilised within 72 h was 889 (23·4%) of 3805 (50 [9·7%] of 517 in Latin America, 31 [16·1%] of 193 in Africa, 277 [18·8%] of 1471 in China, 189 [26·4%] of 716 in Asia [excluding China and India], and 342 [37·5%] of 911 in India). Interpretation: Access to surgery within 72 h of hospital admission was poor, with factors that affected time to surgery varying by region. Data are necessary to understand existing pathways of hip-fracture care to inform the local development of quality-improvement initiatives. Funding: The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, McMaster Surgical Associates, Hamilton Health Sciences, and the US National Institutes of Health.
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- 2024
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17. Peningkatan Kemampuan Penulisan dan Publikasi Karya Tulis Ilmiah bagi Peserta Didik dan Guru Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Boalemo Provinsi Gorontalo
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Herinda Mardin, La Nane, Meilan Demulawa, Waode Eti Hardianti, and Nurul Maulida Alwi
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karya tulis ilmiah ,penulisan ,publikasi ,Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform ,HN1-995 ,Communities. Classes. Races ,HT51-1595 - Abstract
Menulis karya tulis ilmiah merupakan hal belum menjadi minat bagi peserta didik dan guru. Minimnya literasi dan pengalaman dalam menulis karya tulis ilmiah sehingga dibutuhkan berbagai upaya untuk membudidayakan menulis sebuah karya tulis ilmiah. Salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk menumbuhkan minat dan motivasi menulis karya tulis ilmiah dengan memberikan pelatihan penulisan dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah bagi peserta didik dan guru. Tujuan dari kegiatan pelatihan penulisan dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah bagi peserta didik dan guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Boalemo adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah bagi peserta didik dan guru. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah bentuk pelatihan dengan bimbingan teknis (BIMTEK) menggunakan metode ceramah dan pendampingan kepada peserta pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil dari pengamatan pada saat kegiatan pelatihan berlangsung yaitu peserta pelatihan sangat antusias mendengarkan penjelasan mengenai sistematika penulisan dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah serta berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengikuti proses pendampingan penulisan dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah. Kegiatan terlaksana dengan sangat baik dan lancar. Melalui pelatihan penulisan dan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah peserta menjadi memiliki wawasan dan pengetahuan serta pengalaman belajar mengenai sistematika dan prosedur dalam menyusun dan melakukan publikasi karya tulis ilmiah.
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- 2023
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18. Restorative Justice Approach to The Settlement of Banking Crime Cases
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Hijriani Hijriani, La Niasa, Ayu Lestari Dewi, and Muhammad Yusuf
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Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
Banking crimes can now occur in a variety of new forms, which not only harm people or the wider community, but can also cause losses to the state and even the global economy. Settlement of corporate crimes, particularly banking crimes, still leads to legal accountability through diverse statutory instruments, and the imposition of sanctions tends to be oriented toward the perpetrator's criminal responsibility rather than representing the victim's interests. The purpose of this study is to examine non-litigation dispute resolution in the context of corporate banking crimes, as well as whether the concept of restorative justice can be used as an alternative to sanctions in the resolution of corporate banking crimes. The normative legal research method is used, with analytical, comparative, and statutory approaches. The study's findings indicate that the disputing parties can use the out-of-court settlement mechanism to reach an agreement. The use of this mechanism must be established through an injunction settlement institution, as it is known in the legal systems of the United States and the United Kingdom. The court may order a delay in examining the case at the request of one of the litigants if the applicant can demonstrate that there is no clear legal means. The concept of restorative justice opens the door to alternative solutions to corporate banking crimes, such as the deferred prosecution agreement policy.
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- 2023
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19. FIVE-YEAR REAL-WORLD DATA ON AML RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN BRAZIL
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F Feistauer, MA Salvino, M Batista, and LA Noblat
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous aggressive leukemia with poor prognosis. The standard remission induction regimen for medically eligible patients with AML consists of a backbone of cytarabine & an anthracycline (“7+3” therapy). Brazil is a large country with striking differences in in climate, ethnic heterogeneity and socioeconomic factors. Objectives: To assess effectiveness (Eligible to the Next Treatment-ENT CR and suficient performance status to the next treatment, PFS and OS) and security (Early Mortality) of cytarabine and anthracycline in a public health center in Salvador, Brazil. Subgroups analyzed were about FTL3 and NPM1 mutations, leukocytes (>10,000 or 20,000 or
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- 2023
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20. SARCOMA MIELOIDE DE MAMA COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO DIAGNÓSTICA DE LMA
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FPP Sacre, SJ Silva, GAB Bretas, ACAA Lima, NVN Carvalho, CLF Oliveira, VHG Natal, LA Nunes, HT Ferreira, and RLR Baptista
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução: A Leucemia Mieloide Aguda (LMA) é uma neoplasia que se caracterizada pela proliferação clonal de progenitores hematopoiéticos imaturos, que se acumulam na medula óssea, prejudicando a hematopoiese. A LMA é a leucemia mais comum em adultos e pode se manifestar de forma incomum com apresentação extramedular (sarcoma mieloide). Objetivo: Relatar o caso de uma paciente com LMA, que apresentou sarcoma mieloide de mama como apresentação inicial da doença, acompanhada pela UDA de Hematologia no HUPE. Resultados: Paciente feminina, 21 anos admitida em agosto de 2022 com queixa de massa em mama direita com aumento progressivo há 5 meses e perda ponderal, tendo sido submetida a biópsia da lesão com diagnóstico de sarcoma mieloide. Paciente foi submetida a aspirado de medula óssea que evidenciou infiltração de doença. Imunofenotipagem com 27% de blastos com perfil de LMA mielomonocítica. Cariótipo de medula óssea 46, XX, t(8;21)(q22;q22) e biologia molecular com rearranjo RUNX1-RUNX1t1. Paciente foi submetida a quimioterapia de indução com protocolo 7+3, apresentando remissão completa (DRM positiva por imunofenotipagem). Paciente foi submetida a 4 ciclos de consolidação com dose intermediária de citarabina com DRM negativa após 2º ciclo. Atualmente, paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Discussão/Conclusão: O sarcoma mieloide pode se apresentar de forma isolada ou ser uma manifestação clínica da LMA. Algumas anormalidades citogenéticas estão mais comumente relacionadas ao sarcoma mieloide como os rearranjos MLL e a t(8;21) (q22;q22). A t(8;21) (q22;q22) identifica um subgrupo distinto de bom prognóstico classificado na OMS como LMA com alterações genéticas recorrentes.. Esse subtipo tem como características específicas mieloblastos com abundante citoplasma basofílico e numerosos grânulos azurófilos; A Imunofenotipagem apresenta uma subpopulação de blastos que expressa abundantemente CD34, HLA-DR, mieloperoxidase (MPO) e CD13, mas fraca expressão de CD33 Mais de dois terços dos casos apresentam anormalidades citogenéticas adicionais. O prognóstico é favorável e a maioria dos pacientes apresenta alta sobrevida global a longo prazo apenas com o tratamento quimioterápico. O acompanhamento da expressão do RUNX1-RUNX1T1 por PCR em tempo real pode ser uma ferramenta para avaliar doença residual mensurável e risco de recaída da doença. O tratamento do sarcoma mieloide deve ser igual ao da LMA e os pacientes jovens devem ser tratados com quimioterapia intensa, sendo a radioterapia uma opção de tratamento complementar em casos selecionados. O avanço na pesquisa de risco citogenético e molecular na LMA permite o tratamento cada vez mais individualizado do paciente e melhores resultados a longo prazo.
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- 2023
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21. MICOSE FUNGOIDE TRANSFORMADA COM ACOMETIMENTO PULMONAR: RELATO DE CASO
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CLF Oliveira, LA Nunes, LS Gonçalves, NVN Carvalho, FPP Sacre, VHG Natal, ACAA Lima, MC Studart, CA Leite, and FF Cassia
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Objetivo: Micose fungoide (MF) é o tipo mais comum de linfoma T cutâneo, maior prevalência em mulheres, entre 55 e 60 anos. O envolvimento sistêmico é raro, sendo medula óssea e linfonodos os sítios mais comuns. O objetivo é relatar um caso de MF transformada para linfoma de alto grau com acometimento pulmonar. Relato de caso: Mulher, 61 anos, tabagista (68 maços-ano), interna para investigação de lesões cutâneas dolorosas, pruriginosas, eritematosas e infiltrativas esparsas pela face, tumorais em regiões pré e retroauriculares, couro cabeludo e tronco, com início há um ano. Biópsia cutânea evidenciou MF transformada; imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) positiva para CD3, CD4, CD5, MUM1 e CD30 e negativa para CD20, CD8, CD56 com índice proliferativo pelo Ki67 de 50%. Ausência de células de Sèzary na hematoscopia, imunofenotipagem de sangue periférico e medula óssea livres de infiltração e sorologias virais negativas, incluindo HTLV-1. Tomografias mostraram opacidade nodular de contornos irregulares medindo 2,2 x 2,5 cm, em segmento basal posterior do pulmão esquerdo e ausência de linfonodomegalias. Biópsia pulmonar negativa para fungos e bacilos, IHQ positiva para CD3, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD25 e CD30, negativa para CD20, CD8, CD68, AE1/AE3 e TTF-1, compartilhando o imunofenótipo da lesão cutânea. Discussão: MF é um linfoma não Hodgkin de células T maduras indolente, com acometimento cutâneo, porém com potencial envolvimento de sangue, órgãos e linfonodos. As lesões cutâneas variam entre eritodermia, placas ou tumores, localizadas ou disseminadas. O critério histológico de transformação é a presença de mais de 25% de células grandes no infiltrado tumoral, tornando o prognóstico mais reservado. Não há consenso sobre a causa, estando presentes a ativação de receptor de células T, sinalização alterada de JAK-STAT, alteração epigenética e anormalidade de splicing de RNA, gerando proliferação e acúmulo de células T na pele, com influência no microambiente. Os linfócitos T neoplásicos envolvidos são CD4 positivos, com moléculas de adesão CCR4 e CLA. CD7, CD5 ou CD2 estão reduzidos ou até ausentes. O tipo de tratamento depende do estadiamento da doença, dividido entre estágio inicial (IA-IIA), com terapia direcionada a pele, como radioterapia, fototerapia e corticoesteroide tópico, e avançado (IIB-IVB), com terapia combinada entre direcionada e sistêmica com retinoides, interferons, imunobiológicos ou quimioterapia. No presente trabalho, diante estadiamento de doença avançada, T3N0M1B0-IVB, foi iniciado tratamento com protocolo CHOEP (ciclofosfamida, doxorrubicina, vincristina, etoposídeo e prednisona) a cada 21 dias. Conclusão: A MF é um linfoma de difícil diagnóstico, com envolvimento visceral incomum, sendo o acometimento pulmonar raro. O relato mostra os impactos no prognóstico e no risco de sequelas após o tratamento, causados pela demora diagnóstica, gerando piora importante de qualidade de vida. Diante disto, a MF é um problema de saúde pública, envolvendo capacitação e formação de profissionais médicos.
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- 2023
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22. EXPERIÊNCIA DO AMBULATÓRIO TRANSFUSIONAL DE DOENÇA FALCIFORME EM UM SERVIÇO PRIVADO
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PG Moura, BL Raposo, CPR Lacativa, DCM Oliveira, F Akil, FS Amorim, IG Claudio, LA Nunes, MS Simão, and VLR Pessoa
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar o perfil demográfico dos pacientes de Doença Falciforme (DF) em regime de transfusão de troca do Ambulatório Transfusional Serum Centro acompanhados no período de 18 meses – janeiro 2022 a junho 2023. Material e métodos: Analisamos no Ambulatório Transfusional Serum Centro os 46 pacientes portadores de DF que frequentaram o período de jan/22 a jun/23. Foram analisados dados através da coleta de dados do prontuário médico e do sistema informatizado Real Blood, conforme foram inseridos no programa de transfusão de troca. Foram colhidos os seguintes dados: sexo, idade, aloimunização, reações transfusionais, tipo de cirurgia e complicações associadas a DF no pós operatório, indicação do programa de troca. Resultados: Foram submetidos a terapia transfusional 46 pacientes, com idade entre 2 e 60 anos, sem prevalência de do sexo. Destes 31 com fenótipo SS, 7 SD, 4 SC e 4 S talassemia. Quanto a data de diagnóstico temos que 24 pacientes fizeram o diagnóstico no período neonatal, 21 na infância até os 5 anos e apenas 1 na idade adulta durante a gestação. 76% dos pacientes fazem uso de hidroxiuréia e 30 % uso de quelantes orais, ambos associados ao tratamento de suporte hemoterápico, de onde podemos concluir que esses pacientes cursam com maior gravidade. Dentro das indicações de terapia transfusional de troca temos: 2 pacientes por gestação, 4 pacientes por VOC refratárias aos tratamentos convencionais, 13 pacientes por alt. de velocidade no DTC e/ou AVC, 12 pacientes por STA e 15 pacientes por preparo cirúrgico – 1urológico ,1 mastologia, 1 otorrino, 3 ortopédicos, 4 colecistectomias e 5 esplenectomia. Em relação ao histórico de reação transfusional (RT) 41% possuíam RT documentada, sendo 63.2% alérgica e 36.8% aloimunização. 59% dos pacientes não possuíam histórico de RT. Temos 2 pacientes em troca automatizada e o restante em troca manual. Os pacientes evoluíram sem complicações no pós operatório e no parto. Temos que 1 paciente em acompanhamento evoluiu com óbito por STA, mas só estava há1 mês em terapia de troca, e 1 paciente com novo episódio de AVC mesmo estando em trocas regulares e mantendo HbS em níveis satisfatórios. Discussão: A DF é a patologia genética hereditária mais predominante no Brasil e no mundo, no RJ temos cerca de 1 paciente/1200 nascidos ‒ dados TNN. A transfusão de hemácias segue como um tratamento essencial nas complicações agudas e crônicas da DF. Ela melhora a capacidade de transporte de oxigênio e sintomas de anemia. Pode ser usado para aumentar o hematócrito de um paciente e/ou para reduzir a produção endógena de hemácias contendo Hb S. O objetivo padrão é manter os níveis de HbS ≤30% e/ou aumentar a Hb para em torno de 10 g/dL dependendo da indicação da transfusão. No nosso ambulatório colhemos sempre antes do procedimento um hemograma completo e dosagem de Hb S a fim de monitorarmos a efetividade da troca, além disso utilizamos protocolo de 100% filtro e fenotipagem estendida com a finalidade de minimizar as RT. Conclusão: Apesar dos avanços em relação a segurança transfusional, as RT ainda são prevalentes neste grupo de pacientes, sendo as principais as aloimunização, reações hemolíticas imediatas e tardias e a sobrecarga de ferro. O uso racional de hemocomponentes respeitando a fenotipagem eritrocitária, o uso de eritrocitoaferese e o uso do quelante de ferro podem minimizar a ocorrência dessas RT como podemos observar no nosso levantamento.
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- 2023
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23. REAÇÕES TRANSFUSIONAIS EM TRANSFUSÕES AMBULATORIAIS NO BANCO DE SANGUE SERUM CENTRO
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PG Moura, BL Raposo, CPR Lacativa, DCM Oliveira, F Akil, FS Amorim, IG Claudio, LA Nunes, MS Simão, and VLR Pessoa
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução/objetivos: A transfusão de hemocomponentes sanguíneos ainda é um tratamento relevante na terapêutica atual. Se usada adequadamente, pode salvar vidas e melhorar a saúde dos pacientes, porém assim como em outras intervenções terapêuticas, pode levar a reações adversas ao paciente. Os incidentes transfusionais imediatos ocorrem durante a transfusão ou até 24 horas após, e os notificáveis são: reação hemolítica aguda, reação febril não hemolítica, reações alérgicas sobrecarga volêmica, reação por contaminação bacteriana, edema pulmonar não cardiogênico, reação hipotensiva e hemólise não imune. No Brasil, a prevalência/incidência real dos incidentes transfusionais não é totalmente conhecida e o nosso objetivo é relatar a incidência de reações transfusionais de um serviço de hemoterapia privado ambulatorial no RJ. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, de caráter documental, onde foram analisados o número de requisições de transfusão, o número total de transfusões e o número de reações transfusionais, realizadas no ambulatório transfusional SERUM CENTRO, no período total de 18 meses (jan 22 à jun 23). Foram consideradas as reações imediatas, as detectadas através de busca ativa e as reações tardias. Resultados/discussão: No período, foram recebidas 1171 requisições de transfusões, sendo o número total de hemocomponentes transfundidos de 2878 (1524 CH e 1254 CP). Houve reação transfusional identificada e notificada no NOTIVISA em três das transfusões, representando 0,1% do total. Dessas, tivemos duas reações transfusionais alérgicas imediatas à concentrado de hemácias sendo uma em paciente portadora de anemia em investigação e a outra em paciente portadora de doença falciforme, e uma reação febril não hemolítica à concentrado de plaquetas em uma paciente com neoplasia de ovário. A reação transfusional pode ser definida como uma resposta indesejável observada em um paciente, associado temporalmente com a administração de hemocomponente. Pode ser o resultado de um incidente do ciclo do sangue ou da interação entre o receptor e o hemocomponente. A reação transfusional pode ser classificada quanto ao tempo de aparecimento, quanto a gravidade, quanto a correlação com a transfusão e quanto ao diagnóstico da reação. Sendo as reações mais comuns as reações alérgicas e as reações febris não hemolíticas. Conclusão: A incidência de notificações de reações transfusionais ocorridos no período foi de 0,1% para as 1.171 requisições recebidas, sendo considerada extremamente baixa, principalmente no perfil de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório – pacientes politransfundidos portadores de hemoglobinopatias, anemias em investigação e doenças oncohematológicas primárias. Com isso, podemos inferir que a utilização de protocolo de transfusão com hemocomponentes filtrados e fenotipados utilizados no ambulatório de forma universal, corroborem na redução do risco dessas reações.
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- 2023
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24. SUPORTE HEMOTERÁPICO EM TALASSEMIA – EXPERIÊNCIA DE UM SERVIÇO DE HEMOTERAPIA PRIVADO
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PG Moura, BL Raposo, CPR Lacativa, DCM Oliveira, FS Amorim, IG Claudio, LA Nunes, MS Simão, and VLR Pessoa
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução: As Talassemias constituem um grupo heterogêneo de doenças geneticamente determinadas, que se caracterizam por defeito na síntese de uma ou mais cadeias polipeptídicas da hemoglobina. A transfusão de hemácias regular e a quelação, quando utilizadas de forma adequada, conferem aos pacientes com talassemia beta maior uma taxa de sobrevida global de 95% aos 40 anos. A transfusão de sangue nesses pacientes tem como finalidade corrigir a anemia e suprimir a hematopoese extramedular. Objetivos: Relatar o perfil demográfico dos pacientes com talassemia em regime de transfusão crônica no ambulatório Serum Centro – RJ. Material e métodos: Realizada revisão de prontuários no período de 18 meses - ano de 2022 e primeiro semestre de 2023. Resultados: Temos 6 pacientes: 5 com talassemia major e 1 com intermédia. Dos 5 pacientes portadores de talassemia major, sendo 2 mulheres e 3 homens, faixa etária de 7 a 49 anos, com média de idade de 28 anos. Regime transfusional a cada 3 semanas. Destes, apenas 1 paciente teve diagnóstico pela triagem neonatal, iniciando a terapia transfusional precocemente. Os 3 pacientes mais velhos e masculinos transfundem no nosso ambulatório regularmente a cada 3 semanas desde 2016. A paciente feminina de 25 anos iniciou a terapia transfusional regular no nosso ambulatório desde agosto de 2020 e no momento está com 20 semanas de gestação, evoluindo sem intercorrências. A paciente feminina de 7 anos iniciou a terapia transfusional em nosso ambulatório em julho 2023 visando melhor preparo hemoterápico para TMO. Os pacientes recebem suporte hemoterápico com concentrado de hemácias filtrado e fenotipado. Em relação ao grupo sanguíneo, 3 são O (+) e 2 A (+). Quatro pacientes têm histórico de reação alérgica, fazem uso de pré-medicação e hemocomponentes lavados. Um dos pacientes ainda tem histórico de TACO, enquanto o paciente mais velho não tem nenhum histórico de reação. Em relação ao único com talassemia intermédia, trata-se de um paciente do sexo masculino, com 23 anos, teve diagnóstico na primeira infância, é esplenectomizado e transfunde em média a cada 6 semanas, é do grupo sanguíneo O (+), tem histórico de reação alérgica e faz uso de pré-medicação. Os 6 pacientes em acompanhamento não têm presença de aloanticorpos. Discussão: Todos os pacientes com talassemia devem ser transfundidos com hemácias ABO, Rh e Kell compatíveis para evitar a aloimunização. A aloimunização é uma complicação comum da terapia crônica transfusional, podendo variar de 3% a 28%. A prevalência aumenta com o retardo do início da transfusão. Quando se inicia a transfusão em menores de um ano, a taxa de aloimunização é ao redor de 7,7%. Se o início ocorrer após um ano de idade, esta taxa vai para 27,9%, de acordo com a publicação de Michail-Merianou. Na nossa população a taxa de aloimunização é de 0%. Conclusão: Sabe-se que as taxas de aloimunização a antígenos eritrocitários são geralmente baixas, em torno de 0,5% em receptores de transfusão; no entanto, são maiores em pacientes cronicamente transfundidos. A aloimunização eritrocitária gera atraso na obtenção de sangue compatível, sendo a fenotipagem eritrocitária estendida, indispensável para diminuir a aloimunização dos pacientes e auxiliar na identificação de anticorpos de baixa frequência.
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- 2023
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25. DESAFIOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO E ACOMPANHAMENTO DA TELANGIECTASIA HEMORRÁGICA HEREDITÁRIA EM UMA CIDADE DO INTERIOR
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MNCS Almeida, DF Siqueira, ACL Barros, SA Gandra, NLR Corrêa, OAL Alves, LA Neiva, WM Andrade, LGF Dias, and JMC Roque
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução e objetivo: A telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditária (THH) ou síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber é uma doença rara de herança autossômica dominante, que afeta a formação dos vasos sanguíneos, levando a sangramentos no sistema nervoso central, gastrointestinal e respiratório. Neste relato, descrevemos o caso de uma mulher com anemia ferropriva refratária ao tratamento convencional e os desafios no diagnóstico dessa doença hematológica em uma cidade de pequeno porte. Materiais e métodos: Foram coletadas informações por meio de entrevista, registros de prontuário médico, exames laboratoriais e fotografias de características clínicas. Os dados foram interpretados com base na literatura científica por meio de revisão narrativa. O trabalho foi realizado respeitando os princípios éticos de pesquisa. Resultados: Mulher, 59 anos, moradora de cidade de pequeno porte do leste de Minas Gerais, com anemia ferropriva crônica foi encaminhada pela atenção básica para avaliação com hematologista no ambulatório da faculdade de Medicina em cidade vizinha. Encontrava-se desesperançada com seu quadro clínico com histórico de internações hospitalares frequentes para melhora de epistaxes não traumáticas de repetição e estabilização da hemoglobina, com recebimento de transfusões sanguíneas e suplementação de ferro. Informa que há 20 anos iniciaram as telangiectasias em mãos, pés, lábios e língua. No histórico familiar há casos semelhantes. Foram apresentados exames laboratoriais recentes solicitados pela atenção primária com investigação inconclusiva que indicaram anemia e deficiências de ferro e vitamina B12. Não refere outros sangramentos externos. Paciente foi orientada por critérios clínicos sobre o diagnóstico de THH. Iniciou-se reposição de vitamina B12 e de ferro venoso conforme cálculo de déficit de ferro, foi encaminhada para avaliação da otorrinolaringologia no mesmo ambulatório da faculdade. Solicitou-se endoscopia digestiva alta para investigação de sangramento e teste genético. Discussão: A paciente apresentava os sintomas comuns da THH, como a epistaxe recorrente e telangiectasias mucocutâneas, além de parentes de primeiro grau possivelmente acometidos pela doença. Dessa forma, foi classificada conforme os critérios de Curaçao como THH possível ou suspeita. Em situações em que familiares apresentam a doença, mas não preenchem os critérios clínicos, os testes genéticos são indicados para especificar a mutação pertencente àquela família portadora da síndrome. Por conta de sua expressão fenotípica mais aflorada com o avançar da idade, a THH apresenta o risco de causar sangramentos graves, como no caso do pai da paciente, que faleceu por hemorragia gastrointestinal. O tratamento dos sangramentos pode envolver abordagens endoscópicas, hormonais, imunomoduladoras e antiangiogênicas. A anemia ferropriva crônica requer reposição de ferro e, em alguns casos, hemotransfusões. Conclusão: A THH é uma doença rara, subdiagnosticada, que apresenta riscos de hemorragias graves. O diagnóstico precoce é essencial para evitar complicações secundárias.A parceria entre instituições de ensino superior e o poder público pode aprimorar o acesso a cuidados especializados e avançar no tratamento da THH, beneficiando populações em regiões com recursos limitados. A troca de conhecimentos e ações integradas podem contribuir para o avanço da hematologia clínica e a prevenção de complicações em pacientes com THH.
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- 2023
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26. LEUCEMIA LINFOIDE CRÔNICA FAMILIAR
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MNCS Almeida, DF Siqueira, ACL Barros, NLR Corrêa, SA Gandra, OAL Alves, LA Neiva, WM Andrade, LGF Dias, and JMC Roque
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução e objetivo: A leucemia linfocítica crônica (LLC) é uma doença linfoproliferativa que acomete principalmente idosos. Sua etiologia não está esclarecida, não havendo fatores ambientais com forte associação ao surgimento da doença. A LLC familiar, é definida quando mais de um membro da família possui a doença e o diagnóstico nesses membros costuma ocorrer em idade mais precoce O presente relato descreve o caso de uma paciente que por conhecer a LLC ao acompanhar a mãe e o irmão com a doença percebeu alterações nos próprios exames. Materiais e métodos: Foram coletadas informações por meio de registros de prontuário médico e exames laboratoriais fornecidos pela paciente. O trabalho foi realizado respeitando os princípios éticos de pesquisa. Relato de caso: Mulher, 45 anos, realiza consulta médica, assintomática, por apresentar mãe e irmão com histórico de LLC, ambos falecidos. Relata que a mãe conviveu com a doença por muitos anos e que faleceu de infecção quando iniciou a quimioterapia em 2004 e o irmão cursou com doença mais agressiva, teve dificuldade em tolerar o tratamento e faleceu em 2006. Relata que após quadro de COVID-19 em 2020 notou alterações no hemograma procurando hematologista para avaliação. Exame do dia 01/10/21: hm 4,8 milhões/mm3; hgb 13,9 g/dL; vcm 89,3 fL l g 13.660 cel/mm3; neut 5160/mm3; linf 7.790/mm3; pl 152.000/mm3. 19/10/21: imunofenotipagem: marcadores positivos CD5, CD11c+, CD19, CD20+/++, CD23, CD38 (96%), CD79b, CD200, Kappa. Marcadores negativos: CD10, CD22, CD103, IgM e Lambda. Os achados imunofenotípicos em associação aos citomorfológicos são compatíveis com leucemia linfocítica crônica, classificação OMS – 2016. FISH: resultados: nuc (D6Z1, MYB)x2 [200], (D11Z1, ATM) x2 [200], (CCND1, IGH)x2 [200], (D12Z3x3) [87/200], (D13S319-D13S25, D13S1825)x2[200], (IGHx2)[200], (IGH, BCL2)x2 [200], (D17Z1, TP53)x2 [220]. Conclusão: trissomia do cromossomo 12 em 43,5% das intérfases analisadas. As demais pesquisas apresentam-se normais. Tomografia de pescoço, tórax, abdome e pelve: sem linfonodomegalias ou visceromegalias. Atualmente paciente em acompanhamento hematológico trimestral, mantem-se assintomática e sem tratamento. Discussão: Ainda não foi identificado uma mutação gênica específica para a LLC familiar, o irmão e mãe da paciente em questão não realizaram FISH na época do diagnóstico, há quase 20 anos. Não há associação na literatura da LLC familiar com maior agressividade da doença, porém é descrito que o diagnóstico pode ser feito em idades mais precoces, conforme caso relatado. Apesar do acompanhamento e tratamento dos pacientes com LLC familiar ser o mesmo que os outros pacientes, na LLC familiar os pacientes possuem maior conhecimento sobre a doença e podem apresentar maior ansiedade e preocupação com a evolução da doença, por terem presenciado nos familiares. Conclusão: A LLC é uma doença comum de idosos e que possui componente familiar, a paciente em questão por acompanhar parentes com a patologia notou alterações nos próprios exames e procurou acompanhamento especializado precocemente.
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- 2023
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27. DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL DE ANEMIA FERROPRIVA
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MNCS Almeida, DF Siqueira, ACL Barros, NLR Corrêa, SA Gandra, OAL Alves, LA Neiva, WM Andrade, LGF Dias, and JMC Roque
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Introdução e objetivo: Deficiência de ferro é a causa mais comum de anemia, principalmente em mulheres em idade fértil, porém, é necessário cogitar outros diagnósticos em pacientes que não apresentam boa resposta ao tratamento. Nesse relato, é descrito o caso de uma paciente em tratamento para anemia ferropriva mantendo hemoglobina baixa, inclusive após reposição venosa de ferro. Materiais e métodos: Foram coletadas informações por meio de registros de prontuário médico e exames laboratoriais. O trabalho foi realizado respeitando os princípios éticos de pesquisa. Relato de caso: Mulher, 47 anos, em atendimento na UBS, apresentava sintomas de climatério e metrorragia além de sintomas compatíveis com anemia. Refere histórico de anemia com diversos tratamentos ao longo da vida. Exame do dia 23/12/23: hm 5,8 milhões/mm3; Hgb 10,60 g/dL; vcm 61,1 fL l g 2.790 cel/mm3; neut 781/mm3; linf 1.590/mm3; pl 105.000/mm³; ferro 74 mcg/dL; ferritina 17,6 ng/mL; vitamina B12 443 pg/mL. Recebeu tratamento com 10 ampolas de ferro venoso. Retornou com o seguinte exame (01/03/23): hm 5,4 milhões/mm3; hgb 10 g/dL; vcm 61,7 fL l g 2.510 cel/mm3; neut 1.157/mm3; linf 1.097/mm3; pl 84.000/mm3. Foi prescrito mais 5 ampolas de ferro venoso e encaminhada para avaliação da hematologia no ambulatório da Afya- faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Ipatinga. Na consulta com especialista foi aventada possibilidade de talassemia com ferropenia secundária a metrorragia e deficiência de ácido fólico. Prescrito ácido fólico e solicitado exames para investigação. Retorna com exames em 12/04/23: ferritina 469,2 ng/mL, ferro 118 mcg/dL LDH 252 zinco 82 FAN não reagente, VHS 10 mm, CTLF 306 mcg/dL reticulócitos 0,6% eletroforese de hemoglobina A1 93,8% A2 5,2% F 1% não trouxe novo hemograma, plaqueta fônio e sorologias solicitadas. Mantido acido fólico e orientado paciente diagnóstico de Beta talassemia menor, manter acompanhamento e retornar com restante de exames solicitados. Discussão: Paciente apresentava anemia de longa data com diversos tratamentos sem resposta efetiva, ao ser avaliada pelo especialista foi aventada hipótese de talassemia, visto valor de hemácias elevadas e VCM com valor muito baixo, desproporcional ao valor da hemoglobina. Apresentava leucopenia com neutropenia leve/moderada e plaquetopenia leve, sem sintomas associados, aventada a possibilidade de deficiência de ácido fólico, ainda em investigação. Conclusão: A paciente em questão apresentava fator de risco para ferropenia, sendo corretamente tratada, porém, já apresentava sinais em hemograma que poderiam sugerir o diagnóstico de talassemia associado, é importante pensar em diagnósticos diferenciais ao avaliar os pacientes anêmicos.
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- 2023
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28. A comparative study on the influence of the type of acid used for 55Fe and 63Ni determination in steel samples through Liquid Scintillation Counting
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Cozzella Maria Letizia, Gandolfo Giada, La Notte Giovanna, and Augusto Marzo Giuseppe
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liquid scintillation counting ,decommissioning of nuclear installations ,neutron activated steel ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
In decommissioning of nuclear facilities the presence of activated steel requires the determination, along with other radionuclides, of 55Fe and 63Ni. These can be considered as hard-to-measure-radionuclides because of their low energy beta particles or X radiation emitted. Furthermore, those radionuclides are usually mixed with a relevant fraction of non-radioactive Fe and Ni. This implies that, in those cases involving very low radioactive samples close to background activity level, a significant mass of steel sample must be physically and chemically treated and analyzed to achieve the Minimum Detectable activity Concentration (MDC) required by the Authority for clearance purposes. Due to colour quenching the acquisition time is particularly long. Minimizing the colour effect is therefore important for laboratories that must perform many determinations in a reasonable time, achieving the MDC in accordance with the Authority requests. For this reason, the choice of solvent can be an important information to save analyses time. The intensity of the colour quenching is, in fact, strongly dependent on the type of acid used to solubilize the sample before the mixing with the liquid scintillation cocktail. Some types of acid can even increase the phenomenon while others can drastically reduce such an effect. The aim of this work is to offer, through a correlation study between sample concentration in the LSC vial and type of solvent used in dilution, a reliable method for quantifying 63Ni and 55Fe in steel samples with very low activity, close to the background level.
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- 2023
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29. Effect of Allium sativum, Thunbergia laurifolia, and Eurycoma longifolia crude extracts on the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis taichui.
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Pechdee P, Boonsuya A, Arunsan P, Thanchonnang C, La N, Rattanapitoon NK, Pholyiam P, Punnasirimangmee K, and Rattanapitoon SK
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- Animals, Anthelmintics pharmacology, Thailand, Heterophyidae drug effects, Trematode Infections drug therapy, Trematode Infections veterinary, Trematode Infections parasitology, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Eurycoma chemistry, Garlic chemistry
- Abstract
Haplorchis taichui is the minute intestinal fluke (MIF), presents a significant public health concern in Thailand. Despite praziquantel (PZQ) being the main treatment, concerns over recurrent use and drug resistance have surfaced. Thus, local herbal alternatives effective against gastrointestinal parasites could be crucial for reducing issues, necessitating exploration of herbal sources for alternative treatments. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of crude extracts from Allium sativum, Thunbergia laurifolia, and Eurycoma longifolia against H. taichui newly excysted juveniles (NEJ). H. taichui NEJs were exposed to varying concentrations of A. sativum (5, 10, and 20 mg/ml), T. laurifolia, and E. longifolia (100, 200, and 400 mg/ml), alongside PZQ (20 mg/ml) and RPMI culture medium as controls. Motility assessment at different exposure times and morphological surface changes were conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Treatment with A. sativum, T. laurifolia, and E. longifolia inhibited motility in H. taichui NEJs, resulting in reduced relative motility (RM) values and survival index (SI). Significant differences were noted in A. sativum and E. longifolia treated groups, with T. laurifolia showing no significant differences compared to the negative control. Morphological damage, especially tegumental swelling, was evident across all treatment groups, notably severe in the A. sativum group. These findings suggest the potential effectiveness of crude extracts of A. sativum, T. laurifolia, and E. longifolia against H. taichui NEJs. However, further investigations are necessary to understand their mechanisms and key bioactive compounds for developing effective anti-parasitic agents against helminthic infections.
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- 2024
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30. Fitness Costs in Diamondback Moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Resistant to Lufenuron, A Chitin-Synthesis Inhibitor Insecticide.
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Bermúdez NC, Pava N, Nascimento DV, Ribeiro LMS, Siqueira HAA, and Torres JB
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The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is the main pest of Brassicas crops worldwide, and its recorded resistance to 101 active ingredients indicates it is difficult to control. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that P. xylostella has fitness costs associated with its resistance to lufenuron, a chitin-synthesis inhibitor insecticide. Thus, concentration-mortality bioassays were performed for susceptible (REC-S), resistant (BZR-R) populations, their progenies F1 and F1', and one established population without selection pressure (BZR-Rns) after four generations. A fertility life table was used to assess the biological performance of the REC-S and BZR-R. BZR-Rns of P. xylostella . The larval stage, longevity, and survival differed between populations. The reproductive rate (R
0 ) was significantly lower in the F1 (♀R × ♂S) (28.19) and F1' (♀S × ♂R) (34.06) progenies compared with their parents, but not with the relaxed BZR-Rns (39.39). The mean generation time (T), intrinsic rate of population growth (rm ), and doubling time (DT) differed between REC-S and progenies, with fitness of 0.52 and 0.64 for F1 and F1', respectively. Overall, the results suggest that the resistance of P. xylostella to lufenuron is stable and that low fitness costs appear to be associated with resistance to lufenuron, although heterozygotes showed lower fitness than their parents. Strategies such as preserving refuge areas, rotation of modes of action, etc., are essential for resistance management and prolonging the efficacy of control agents; this highlights the importance of integrated insecticide resistance management.- Published
- 2024
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31. Transradial Angiography Skill Acquisition Using an Endovascular Simulation Program.
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Hubbard ZS, Cunningham CM, Saway BF, Weber AC, Sowlat MM, Elawady SS, Nawabi N, Porto G, and Spiotta AM
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- Humans, Clinical Competence, Endovascular Procedures education, Endovascular Procedures methods, Internship and Residency methods, Radial Artery, Simulation Training methods
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Background: Given the benefits of neuroendovascular simulation to resident education, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of simulation-based training for neuroendovascular intervention with primary and secondary catheters using a transradial approach (TRA)., Methods: Five neurosurgical residents (PGY 1-3) from our institution enrolled in a standardized pilot training protocol. Trainees used the Mentice (Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden) Visit G5 simulator with a type II arch using a right TRA., Results: All participants improved their total time to complete the task from the first trial to the last trial. Residents improved the overall time required to complete the task by 111.8 ± 57 seconds (52% improvement; P = 0.012). Participants reported improved knowledge of Simmons catheter formation from 1.6 ± 0.8 to 2.8 ± 1 (P = 0.035) and improved knowledge of transradial vessel selection technique from 1.6 ± 0.9 to 2.8 ± 1.1 (P = 0.035). All residents were able to illustrate a bovine arch and types 1-3 arches post-simulation. Residents rated the simulation usefulness as 4.6 ± 0.548 (scale 1 [not useful] to 5 [essential]) with 4 of the 5 residents (80%) identifying this exercise as essential. All residents rated the hands-on component of the training exercise as the most important., Conclusions: Residents demonstrated proficiency at Simmons catheter formation and vessel selection in a type II arch over a short time period (4 attempts and <1 hour total). Residents can use simulator-based training to increase their proficiency of vessel selection using a primary or secondary catheter for a TRA., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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32. Light distribution at the fruit tree-crop interface and consequences for yield in sloping upland agroforestry.
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Pham HT, La N, Öborn I, Bergkvist G, Mulia R, and Dahlin S
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Agroforestry can improve soil conservation and overall farm productivity compared with sole-crop systems, but its benefits are limited by competitive interactions between tree and crop components. Studies on light competition have been performed on relatively flat land, but slope can influence light distribution. Little is known about optimizing light utilization and enhancing system productivity and/or income from agroforestry on sloping land. This study examined how slope influences light distribution and performance of maize and coffee crops in fruit tree-crop agroforestry. Starting hypotheses were that 1) crops upslope of tree rows receive and intercept greater amounts of light than those downslope; and 2) position of the crop is more important for light interception and yield when fruit trees have a large, dense canopy. Five-year-old fruit-crop agroforestry experiments on west-southwest facing slopes were revisited. Each agroforestry treatment was divided into nine zones relative to the tree rows (zone 5), with zones 1-4 upslope and 6-9 downslope of the fruit tree row. Light distribution was assessed using Hemiview and SunScan and compared with that in sole-maize and sole-coffee systems. Crop growth and yield were also recorded. Incident light to the crop was higher in the sole-crop system than in agroforestry. In agroforestry, incident light to the crops was lower downslope of trees than upslope but increased with increasing distance from the tree rows. On average, 0.40-0.50 fraction of total light reached the soil surface. Downslope had a stronger negative effect on light distribution and crop yield than upslope. The available light at the soil surface provides scope for additional components. Further studies on the light demands of different crops during the season could improve system design., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)
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- 2024
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33. Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infection among the Population in Northern Thailand.
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Wisetmora A, Wattanawong O, Wijit A, Phukowluan J, Nachairan A, Jaksuay P, Sungpradit S, Ekobol N, Boonmars T, Boonsuya A, Pechdee P, Thanchonnang C, La N, Rattanapitoon NK, Arunsan P, and Rattanapitoon SK
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- Thailand epidemiology, Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Prevalence, Animals, Adolescent, Young Adult, Child, Aged, Risk Factors, Child, Preschool, Helminths isolation & purification, Helminths classification, Infant, Helminthiasis epidemiology, Helminthiasis parasitology, Feces parasitology, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic epidemiology, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic parasitology
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Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) helminthic infections pose substantial public health threat, particularly in northern Thailand, with a heightened concern in Nan province. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of GI helminthic infections in Nan province and identify associated risk factors in local population., Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022. Fecal specimens were collected and examined using Kato-Katz technique and Formalin Ethyl-Acetate Concentration Technique (FECT). Univariate analysis employed the Chi-square test to explore correlations, while logistic regression was defined risk factors associated with parasite infections., Results: Among 739 individuals surveyed, 14.34% were revealed GI helminthic infections. Notably, infection rates were higher in males (20.40%) compared to females (8.95%), with a notable prevalence among individuals aged ≥ 60 (17.78%) and high infection rate was demonstrated in Kiew Chan village (21.67%). The most commonly detected helminths were minute intestinal flukes (MIFs) (10.01%) and Capillaria spp. (3.11%). Males were significantly associated with GI helminthic infections, while individuals aged 40-49 and aged 50-59 commonly displayed of parasite infections. Additionally, Kiew Chan village exhibited a significant association with GI helminthic infections, followed by Sop Puen village. Furthermore, fecal specimens of 13 rodent specimens were frequency revealed Strongyloides spp. (92.30%) and mostly exposed Ancylostoma caninum (41.93%) among 93 canines., Conclusion: These findings highlight the imperative for immediate public health interventions in Nan province and analogous areas in northern Thailand. Implementing strategies to enhance sanitation infrastructure and promote hygiene education can significantly contribute for reducing the prevalence of GI helminthic infections and improve overall community health., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
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- 2024
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34. Coping Self-Efficacy and Thoughts of Self-Harm Among Adolescents in Vietnam: A Longitudinal Study.
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Tran T, Nguyen H, Shochet I, Nguyen N, La N, Wurfl A, Orr J, Nguyen H, Stocker R, and Fisher J
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- Humans, Adolescent, Male, Vietnam epidemiology, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Suicidal Ideation, Adolescent Behavior psychology, Students psychology, Students statistics & numerical data, Depression psychology, Depression epidemiology, Adaptation, Psychological, Self Efficacy, Self-Injurious Behavior psychology, Self-Injurious Behavior epidemiology
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We aimed to determine the effect of coping self-efficacy on thoughts of self-harm among adolescents attending high school in Hanoi, Vietnam. Longitudinal data were collected using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised and the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale among 552 Year 10 students. The prevalence of thoughts of death and/or self-injury on at least 1 day in the past week was 16.9% at baseline and 14.5% at 8-month follow-up. When baseline coping self-efficacy was greater by one standard deviation, the odds of having thoughts of self-harm at follow-up were reduced by 42%. Our findings suggest that school-based programs that aim to strengthen coping strategies may be useful in preventing self-harm among adolescents.
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- 2024
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35. Exoscope Efficacy and Feasibility in Pediatric Spinal Neurosurgery: A Single-Institution Cohort Case Series.
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Cunningham CM, Nawabi N, Saway BF, Sowlat MM, Pereira MP, Hubbard ZS, Lajthia OM, Porto G, Patel S, Kosnik-Infinger L, and Eskandari R
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- Adult, Humans, Male, Child, Adolescent, Female, Feasibility Studies, Spine surgery, Neurosurgical Procedures methods, Spinal Cord surgery, Microsurgery, Neurosurgery
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Background: The exoscope has emerged as an efficacious microscope in adult spinal neurosurgery providing improved operative field visibility and surgeon ergonomics. However, outcome data and feasibility are underrepresented in the pediatric literature. We present the largest case series aimed at assessing operative and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing various exoscope-assisted spinal surgeries., Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on all consecutive pediatric (age <18 years) spinal surgeries performed with the use of an exoscope by 3 senior surgeons at a single institution from 2020-2023. Demographics and clinical and operative outcomes were reviewed and analyzed., Results: Ninety-six exoscope-assisted pediatric spine surgeries were performed on 89 unique patients, 41 (42.7%) of which were male. The mean age at surgery was 12 (±5.3) years. Spinal cord detethering (55.8%) was the most common procedure performed. The overall mean operative time for all procedures was 155 (±86) minutes, and the mean estimated blood loss was 18 (±41) mL. The mean length of stay was 5.4 (±6.5) days. There were 14 (14.6%) patients with complications in this cohort. At final follow-up, 64 (83.1%) of symptomatic patients reported neurologic symptom improvement., Conclusions: Using the exoscope in a variety of pediatric spinal surgeries resulted in an acceptable average operative time, estimated blood loss, length of stay, and rate of neurologic symptom improvement. The exoscope appears to be an efficacious option for pediatric neurosurgical spinal procedures., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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36. Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with Seedling Frost Tolerance in Sorghum.
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Borde N and Dweikat I
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- Edible Grain genetics, Plant Breeding, Genomics, Seedlings genetics, Sorghum
- Abstract
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is the fifth most valuable cereal crop globally. Although sorghum is tolerant to drought and elevated temperatures, it is susceptible to chilling, frost, and freezing stresses. Sorghum seeds planted in April may encounter frequent frost during late April and early May. Early spring freezing temperatures adversely affect crop development and yield. This study aims to identify genomic regions associated with frost tolerance at the seedlings stage. Breeding freeze-tolerant cultivars require selection for freeze tolerance in nurseries. However, the unpredictability of environmental conditions complicates the identification of freeze-tolerant genotypes. An indoor selection protocol has been developed to investigate the genetic determinism of freeze tolerance at the seedling stages and its correlation with several developmental traits. To accomplish this, we used two populations of recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from crosses between cold-tolerant (CT19, ICSV700) and cold-sensitive (TX430, M81E) parents. The derived RIL populations were evaluated for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) under controlled environments for their response to freezing stress. Linkage maps were constructed with 464 and 875 SNPs for the CT19 X TX430 (C
1 ) and ICSV700 X M81E(C2 ) populations. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, we identified six QTLs conferring tolerance to freezing temperatures. One QTL in the C1 population and four QTLs in the C2 population, explain 17.75-98% of the phenotypic variance of traits measured. Proline leaf content was increased in response to exposing the seedlings to low temperatures. Candidate QTLs identified in this study could be further exploited to develop frost-tolerant cultivars as proxies in marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection, and genetic engineering.- Published
- 2023
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37. School-based universal mental health promotion intervention for adolescents in Vietnam: Two-arm, parallel, controlled trial.
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Tran TD, Nguyen H, Shochet I, Nguyen N, La N, Wurfl A, Orr J, Nguyen H, Stocker R, and Fisher J
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Happy House, a universal school-based programme, in reducing adolescents' depressive symptoms and improving their mental well-being, coping self-efficacy and school connectedness. This was a school-based, two-arm parallel controlled trial. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Data were collected at recruitment, and at 2 weeks and 6 months post-intervention. Mixed-effect models were conducted to estimate the effects of the intervention on the outcomes. A total of 1,084 students were recruited. At 2 weeks post-intervention, the effect size on depressive symptoms was 0.11 ( p = 0.011) and the odds of having clinically significant depressive symptoms were lower in the intervention compared to the control (0.56, p = 0.027). Both of these were no longer significant at 6 months post-intervention. Psychological well-being mean scores in the intervention were significantly higher than in the control at 2 weeks post-intervention (effect size 0.13). Coping self-efficacy mean scores were significantly higher in the intervention group at both 2-week and 6-month post-intervention (effect sizes from 0.17 to 0.26). Data support the potential of Happy House to reduce the prevalence of adolescent mental health problems and to promote positive mental health in the school context in Vietnam., Competing Interests: The authors declare none., (© The Author(s) 2023.)
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- 2023
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38. Battery metal recycling by flash Joule heating.
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Chen W, Chen J, Bets KV, Salvatierra RV, Wyss KM, Gao G, Choi CH, Deng B, Wang X, Li JT, Kittrell C, La N, Eddy L, Scotland P, Cheng Y, Xu S, Li B, Tomson MB, Han Y, Yakobson BI, and Tour JM
- Abstract
The staggering accumulation of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and the growing scarcity of battery metal sources have triggered an urgent call for an effective recycling strategy. However, it is challenging to reclaim these metals with both high efficiency and low environmental footprint. We use here a pulsed dc flash Joule heating (FJH) strategy that heats the black mass, the combined anode and cathode, to >2100 kelvin within seconds, leading to ~1000-fold increase in subsequent leaching kinetics. There are high recovery yields of all the battery metals, regardless of their chemistries, using even diluted acids like 0.01 M HCl, thereby lessening the secondary waste stream. The ultrafast high temperature achieves thermal decomposition of the passivated solid electrolyte interphase and valence state reduction of the hard-to-dissolve metal compounds while mitigating diffusional loss of volatile metals. Life cycle analysis versus present recycling methods shows that FJH significantly reduces the environmental footprint of spent LIB processing while turning it into an economically attractive process.
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- 2023
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39. Oxidative Stress in a Mother Consuming Alcohol during Pregnancy and in Her Newborn: A Case Report.
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Derme M, Piccioni MG, Brunelli R, Crognale A, Denotti M, Ciolli P, Scomparin D, Tarani L, Paparella R, Terrin G, Di Chiara M, Mattia A, Nicotera S, Salomone A, Ceccanti M, Messina MP, Maida N, Ferraguti G, Petrella C, and Fiore M
- Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a set of conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). FASD is estimated to affect between 2% and 5% of people in the United States and Western Europe. The exact teratogenic mechanism of alcohol on fetal development is still unclear. Ethanol (EtOH) contributes to the malfunctioning of the neurological system in children exposed in utero by decreasing glutathione peroxidase action, with an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes oxidative stress. We report a case of a mother with declared alcohol abuse and cigarette smoking during pregnancy. By analyzing the ethyl glucuronide (EtG, a metabolite of alcohol) and the nicotine/cotinine in the mother's hair and meconium, we confirmed the alcohol and smoking abuse magnitude. We also found that the mother during pregnancy was a cocaine abuser. As a result, her newborn was diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). At the time of the delivery, the mother, but not the newborn, had an elevation in oxidative stress. However, the infant, a few days later, displayed marked potentiation in oxidative stress. The clinical complexity of the events involving the infant was presented and discussed, underlining also the importance that for cases of FASD, it is crucial to have more intensive hospital monitoring and controls during the initial days.
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- 2023
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40. GC-MS/MS Determination of Synthetic Cathinones: 4-chloromethcathinone, N-ethyl Pentedrone, and N-ethyl Hexedrone in Oral Fluid and Sweat of Consumers under Controlled Administration: Pilot Study.
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Nuñez-Montero M, Lombroni C, Maida N, Rotolo MC, Pichini S, Papaseit E, Hladun O, Ventura M, Poyatos L, Pérez-Mañá C, Farré M, and Marchei E
- Subjects
- Humans, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry methods, Pilot Projects, Sweat, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Synthetic Cathinone
- Abstract
This study presents a validated GC-MS/MS method for the detection and quantification of 4-chloromethcathinone or clephedrone (4-CMC), N-ethyl Pentedrone (NEP), and N-ethyl Hexedrone (NEH, also named HEXEN) in oral fluid and sweat and verifies its feasibility in determining human oral fluid concentrations and pharmacokinetics following the administration of 100 mg of 4-CMC orally and 30 mg of NEP and NEH intranasally. A total of 48 oral fluid and 12 sweat samples were collected from six consumers. After the addition of 5 μL of methylone-d
3 and 200 μL of 0.5 M ammonium hydrogen carbonate, an L/L extraction was carried out using ethyl acetate. The samples, dried under a nitrogen flow, were then derivatized with pentafluoropropionic anhydride and dried again. One microliter of the sample reconstituted in 50 μL of ethyl acetate was injected into GC-MS/MS. The method was fully validated according to international guidelines. Our results showed how, in oral fluid, the two cathinones taken intranasally were absorbed very rapidly, within the first hour, when compared with the 4-CMC which reached its maximum concentration peak in the first three hours. We observed that these cathinones were excreted in sweat in an amount equivalent to approximately 0.3% of the administered dose for 4-CMC and NEP. The total NEH excreted in sweat 4 h after administration was approximately 0.2% of the administered dose. Our results provide, for the first time, preliminary information about the disposition of these synthetic cathinones in the consumers' oral fluid and sweat after controlled administration.- Published
- 2023
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41. Quantitative Evaluation of Non-basic Nitrogen-Containing Compounds in Petroleum-Derived Samples by Direct Injection ESI (-) Orbitrap MS.
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de Aguiar DVA, Lima GDS, Roque JV, Oliveira JVA, Medeiros Júnior I, Gomes AO, N Mendes LA, and Vaz BG
- Abstract
The quantification of non-basic nitrogen-containing compounds (NCCs) in petroleum-derived samples has become a critical issue due to the undesirable effects of these compounds on the petroleum industry. In addition, there is a lack of analytical methods that allow the direct quantification of NCCs in these matrices. This paper provides strategies for obtaining quantitative information of NCCs in petroleum-derived samples using direct flow injection electrospray ionization (ESI) (-) Orbitrap mass spectrometry without fractionation steps. Benzocarbazole (BC) quantification was performed using the standard addition method. The method was validated, and all analytical parameters demonstrated satisfactory results in the matrix-mix. Paired Student's t -test exhibited the matrix effect (95% confidence level, p < 0.05). Limits of detection ranged from 2.94 to 14.91 μg L
-1 , and the limits of quantification ranged from 9.81 to 49.69 μg L-1 . Intraday and interday accuracy and precision were not above 15%. Quantification of non-basic NCCs was carried out based on two approaches. In approach 1, the non-basic NCCs' total content in petroleum-derived samples was determined by the BC concentration and the total abundance correction. The method presented good performance with the average error of 21, 8.3, and 28% for crude oil, gas oil, and diesel samples, respectively. Approach 2 was based on the multiple linear regression model with regression significant at a 0.05 significance level within average relative errors of 16, 7.8, and 17% for the crude oil, gas oil, and diesel samples, respectively. Then, both approaches successfully predicted the quantification of non-basic NCCs by ESI direct flow injection.- Published
- 2023
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42. Humoral Response after a Fourth Dose with mRNA-1273 in Healthcare Workers with and without a History of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Previously Vaccinated with Two Doses of BBIBP-CorV Plus BNT162b2 Vaccine.
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Gómez de la Torre JC, Hueda-Zavaleta M, Cáceres-DelAguila JA, Muro-Rojo C, Cruz-Escurra N, and Benítes-Zapata VA
- Abstract
There is limited information on the kinetics of the humoral response elicited by a fourth dose with a heterologous mRNA1273 booster in patients who previously received a third dose with BNT162b2 and two doses of BBIBP-CorV as the primary regimen. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the humoral response using Elecsys
® anti-SARS-CoV-2 S (anti-S-RBD) of 452 healthcare workers (HCWs) in a private laboratory in Lima, Peru at 21, 120, 210, and 300 days after a third dose with a BNT162b2 heterologous booster in HCW previously immunized with two doses of BBIBP-CorV, depending on whether or not they received a fourth dose with the mRNA1273 heterologous vaccine and on the history of previous SARS infection -CoV-2. Of the 452 HCWs, 204 (45.13%) were previously infected (PI) with SARS-CoV-2, and 215 (47.57%) received a fourth dose with a heterologous mRNA-1273 booster. A total of 100% of HCWs presented positive anti-S-RBD 300 days after the third dose. In HCWs receiving a fourth dose, GMTs 2.3 and 1.6 times higher than controls were observed 30 and 120 days after the fourth dose. No statistically significant differences in anti-S-RBD titers were observed in those HCWs PI and NPI during the follow-up period. We observed that HCWs who received a fourth dose with the mRNA1273 and those previously infected after the third dose with BNT162b2 (during the Omicron wave) presented higher anti-S-RBD titers (5734 and 3428 U/mL, respectively). Further studies are required to determine whether patients infected after the third dose need a fourth dose.- Published
- 2023
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43. Calcification and osseous metaplasia of the meibomian glands of a horse.
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Gunsalus K, Taylor R, and Croix N
- Subjects
- Male, Animals, Horses, Corneal Ulcer veterinary, Lacrimal Duct Obstruction veterinary, Meibomitis veterinary, Horse Diseases diagnosis, Horse Diseases pathology, Horse Diseases surgery
- Abstract
Objective: To report the clinical history, surgical management, and histologic findings of meibomian gland calcification and osseous metaplasia in a horse., Animal Studied: A 21-year-old Selle Français gelding presented with a 9 months history of blepharitis, blepharospasm, and epiphora affecting the right eye. The horse was diagnosed with meibomianitis and impaction with associated granulomas, but not treated surgically for 6 years., Procedures: Physical and ophthalmic examinations, and systemic bloodwork were performed. A diamond burr debridement was performed on a corneal ulceration, and meibomian gland nodules were excised and examined histologically., Results: Multiple firm concretions were associated with the palpebral conjunctiva of each eyelid. The largest nodule (5 × 4 × 10 mm) was excised from the lower right eyelid. Histology revealed dilated meibomian ducts with mineralized inspissated secretions surrounded by fibrosis and osseous metaplasia. Following nodule excision and corneal ulcer resolution, no blepharospasm or epiphora recurred for a follow-up period of 15 months., Conclusion: Calcification and osseous metaplasia of the meibomian glands was identified in a Selle Français gelding. It is suspected that inspissated meibomian secretions led to a local granulomatous reaction with secondary dystrophic calcification and osseous metaplasia., (© 2022 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.)
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- 2023
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44. Integrative analyses of biomarkers and pathways for metformin reversing cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells.
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Shanchun H, You P, Sujuan N, Xuebing Z, Yijie B, Xiaohui X, Jianming H, La N, Zhehui B, Qi L, and Wulong J
- Subjects
- Humans, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck drug therapy, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck genetics, Cisplatin pharmacology, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Cell Line, Tumor, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Prognosis, Metformin pharmacology, Head and Neck Neoplasms drug therapy, Head and Neck Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Objectives: In this study, transcriptome sequencing were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which metformin inhibits head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells progression and sensitizes HNSCC cells to chemotherapy. We aimed to propose a novel chemotherapeutic approach with high efficacy and few side effects and provide a new strategy for HNSCC treatment., Design: The effects of metformin on the biological behaviors of HNSCC cells were validated by CCK8 cell proliferation assays, would healing assays and flow cytometric apoptosis assays. The appropriate metformin concentrations for the experimental pretreatment of HNSCC cells were selected based on experimental results, and the treated cells were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. After bioinformatics analysis and intersection with a post-chemotherapy resistance dataset from the GEO database numbered GSE102787, the genes were identified and used to predict potential metformin targets after functional enrichment analysis., Results: Metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration and induced the apoptosis of Cal27 and FaDu cells. A total of 284 genes that are potentially targeted by metformin during HNSCC cell sensitization were identified by bioinformatics, and ten hub genes with high connectivity were selected. In particular, Fen1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients., Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that Fen1 is overexpressed in HNSCC tissues compared with normal tissues and that Fen1 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor in HNSCC patients. Metformin enhances the ability of cisplatin to inhibit HNSCC progression. Further studies are needed to explore the therapeutic value of Fen1 in HNSCC., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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45. Flash Recycling of Graphite Anodes.
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Chen W, Salvatierra RV, Li JT, Kittrell C, Beckham JL, Wyss KM, La N, Savas PE, Ge C, Advincula PA, Scotland P, Eddy L, Deng B, Yuan Z, and Tour JM
- Abstract
The ever-increasing production of commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) will result in a staggering accumulation of waste when they reach their end of life. A closed-loop solution, with effective recycling of spent LIBs, will lessen both the environmental impacts and economic cost of their use. Presently, <5% of spent LIBs are recycled and the regeneration of graphite anodes has, unfortunately, been mostly overlooked despite the considerable cost of battery-grade graphite. Here, an ultrafast flash recycling method to regenerate the graphite anode is developed and valuable battery metal resources are recovered. Selective Joule heating is applied for only seconds to efficiently decompose the resistive impurities. The generated inorganic salts, including lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, can be easily recollected from the flashed anode waste using diluted acid, specifically 0.1 m HCl. The flash-recycled anode preserves the graphite structure and is coated with a solid-electrolyte-interphase-derived carbon shell, contributing to high initial specific capacity, superior rate performance, and cycling stability, when compared to anode materials recycled using a high-temperature-calcination method. Life-cycle-analysis relative to current graphite production and recycling methods indicate that flash recycling can significantly reduce the total energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission while turning anode recycling into an economically advantageous process., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2023
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46. Differential changes in somatosensory evoked potentials and motor performance: pursuit movement task versus force matching tracking task.
- Author
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Ambalavanar U, Delfa N, McCracken H, Zabihhosseinian M, Yielder P, and Murphy B
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Somatosensory Cortex physiology, Movement, Median Nerve physiology, Electric Stimulation, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory physiology
- Abstract
Force modulation relies on accurate proprioception, and force-matching tasks alter corticocerebellar connectivity. Corticocerebellar (N24) and corticomotor pathways are impacted following the acquisition of a motor tracing task (MTT), measured using both somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and transcranial magnetic stimulation. This study compared changes in early SEP peak amplitudes and motor performance following a force-matching tracking task (FMTT) to an MTT. Thirty (18 females) right-handed participants, aged 21.4 ± 2.76, were electrically stimulated over the right-median nerve at 2.47 Hz and 4.98 Hz (averaged 1,000 sweeps/rate) to elicit SEPs, recorded via a 64-channel electroencephalography cap, before, and after task acquisition using the right abductor pollicis brevis muscle. Retention was measured 24 h later. Significant time-by-group interactions occurred for the N20 SEP: 6.3% decrease post-FMTT versus 5.5% increase post-MTT ( P = 0.013); P25 SEP: 4.0% decrease post-FMTT versus 10.3% increase post-MTT ( P = 0.006); and N18 SEP: 113.4% increase post-FMTT versus 4.4% decrease post-MTT ( P = 0.006). N18 and N30 showed significant effect of time (both P < 0.001). Motor performance: significant time-by-group interactions-postacquisition: FMTT improved 15.3% versus 24.3% for MTT ( P = 0.025), retention: FMTT improved 17.4% and MTT by 30.1% ( P = 0.004). Task-dependent differences occurred in SEP peaks associated with cortical somatosensory processing (N20 and P25), and cerebellar input (N18), with similar changes in sensorimotor integration (N30), with differential improvements in motor performance, indicating important differences in cerebellar and sensory processing for tasks reliant on proprioception. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates neurophysiological differences in cerebellar and somatosensory cortex pathways when learning a motor task requiring visuomotor tracking versus a task that requires force-matching modulation, in healthy individuals. The clear neurophysiological differences in early somatosensory evoked potentials associated with cortical somatosensory processing, cerebellar input, and sensorimotor integration between these two tasks demonstrate some of the neural correlates of force modulation and validate the force-matching task for use in future work.
- Published
- 2022
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47. Short-term international dental experiences in undergraduate dental students at an Australian university.
- Author
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Chen WY, Cheng AL, La N, and Shetty S
- Subjects
- Australia, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities, Education, Dental, Students, Dental
- Abstract
Introduction: Learning through international experience has been well documented in USA literature, yet not well explored in Australia. The aim of this study is to understand Australian dental students' experiences and perceptions of international dental experience by: (i) capturing past participation; (ii) identifying potential interests for participants who have not been on a trip and (iii) ascertaining perceived benefits of the trip/s., Materials and Methods: A 19 question paper survey was distributed to 310 eligible undergraduate dental students of The University of Queensland (UQ). An online counterpart survey was created via Google Forms and promoted on relevant Facebook groups targeted at current dental students of UQ., Results: A total of 203 of the 310 eligible UQ undergraduate dental students responded to the distributed paper and electronic surveys making the response rate 65.5%. A total of 13 undergraduate respondents participated in an international experience trip. The majority of respondents who had not participated in an international dental experience trip were interested in participating in one. Education (84.6%) and improved dental skills (84.6%) were the most reported perceived benefits by the students who had participated in an international dental experience., Conclusion: A majority of respondents were interested in participating in international dental experiences. Despite this, only 1 in 15 respondents had participated in an international dental experience. Further exploration of this concept is needed; however, dental schools within Australia could potentially explore integration of international short-term dental experiences into formal curricula in the future., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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48. Validation of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire for Children (BARQ-C) in a large community sample of Vietnamese middle adolescents in Hanoi.
- Author
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Shochet I, Orr J, Cockshaw W, Tran T, La N, Nguyen H, Nguyen N, Wurfl A, Nguyen H, Stocker R, and Fisher J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Humans, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vietnam, Anger, Asian People
- Abstract
Background: Depression and other forms of psychological distress are common among Vietnamese adolescents and increase the risk of mental health problems in adulthood. As anger coping is a robust predictor of adolescent mental health difficulties, and there appear to be cultural variations in anger coping, a measure of adolescent anger coping styles that has been validated using a non-Western adolescent sample is required to inform and support early intervention to prevent or treat mental health difficulties in Vietnamese adolescents. This study examined the construct validity (structural and external) of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire for Children in Vietnam (BARQC-V)., Methods: Baseline data sourced from a recent randomised control trial conducted with Grade 10 Vietnamese adolescents aged 14 to 16 (N = 1084) were used to examine multiple aspects of construct validity: factorial structure (evaluated using factor analysis); internal consistency (tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient); and external aspect (assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients between the BARQC-V and Vietnamese translations of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised, Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale)., Results: Evaluating factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis failed to converge on a solution. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 5-factor structure model that explained 49.32% of the BARQC-V's total variance and was deemed to be a good fit by the final confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the 5 factors demonstrated acceptable internal reliability for the BARQC-V's sub-scales. Concerning concurrent validity, three sub-scales predicted well-being and mental health difficulties: the maladaptive anger coping styles Rumination and Direct Anger-out were positively associated with depression and distress, and negatively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being; and the adaptive anger coping style Assertion was positively associated with coping self-efficacy and mental well-being, and negatively associated with depression., Conclusions: The BARQC-V provides a validated measure of three anger coping strategies used by adolescents in Vietnam (Rumination, Direct Anger-out, and Assertion) that can be used to improve detection and treatment of mental health difficulties in this population, and as a starting point by future research to develop a much-needed gold standard measure of anger coping for adults, adolescents and children world-wide., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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49. Virological failure and treatment switch after ART initiation among people living with HIV with and without routine viral load monitoring in Asia.
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Teeraananchai S, Law M, Boettiger D, Mata N, Gupte N, Chan YL, Pham TN, Chaiwarith R, Ly PS, Chan YJ, Kiertiburanakul S, Khusuwan S, Zhang F, Yunihastuti E, Kumarasamy N, Pujari S, Azwa I, Somia IKA, Tanuma J, Ditangco R, Choi JY, Ng OT, Do CD, Gani Y, Ross J, and Jiamsakul A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Failure, Viral Load, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Infections
- Abstract
Introduction: Viral load (VL) testing is still challenging to monitor treatment responses of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment programme in Asia. We assessed the association between routine VL testing and virological failure (VF) and determine factors associated with switching to second-line regimen., Methods: Among 21 sites from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged ≥18 years initiating ART from 2003 to 2021 were included. We calculated the average number of VL tests per patient per year between the date of ART initiation and the most recent visit. If the median average number of VL tests was ≥ 0.80 per patient per year, the site was classified as a routine VL site. A site with a median < 0.80 was classified into the non-routine VL sites. VF was defined as VL ≥1000 copies/ml during first-line therapy. Factors associated with VF were analysed using generalized estimating equations with Poisson distribution., Results: Of 6277 PLHIV starting ART after 2003, 3030 (48%) were from 11 routine VL testing sites and 3247 (52%) were from 10 non-routine VL testing sites. The median follow-up was 9 years (IQR 5-13). The median age was 35 (30-42) years; 68% were male and 5729 (91%) started non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based regimen. The median pre-ART CD4 count in PLHIV from routine VL sites was lower compared to non-routine VL sites (144 vs. 156 cells/mm
3 , p <0.001). Overall, 1021 subsequent VF at a rate of 2.15 (95% CI 2.02-2.29) per 100 person-years (PY). VF was more frequent at non-routine VL sites (adjusted incidence rate ratio 2.85 [95% CI 2.27-3.59]) compared to routine VL sites. Other factors associated with an increased rate of VF were age <50 years and CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 . A total of 817 (13%) patients switched to second-line regimen at a rate of 1.44 (95% CI 1.35-1.54) per 100 PY. PLHIV at routine VL monitoring sites were at higher risk of switching than those at non-routine VL sites (adjusted sub-hazard ratio 1.78 95% CI [1.17-2.71])., Conclusions: PLHIV from non-routine VL sites had a higher incidence of persistent VF and a low switching regimen rate, reflecting possible under-utilized VL testing., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International AIDS Society.)- Published
- 2022
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50. Disparity Between United States Adolescent Class II and III Obesity Trends and Bariatric Surgery Utilization, 2015-2018.
- Author
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Messiah SE, Xie L, Atem F, Mathew MS, Qureshi FG, Schneider BE, and Cruz-Muñoz N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Minority Groups, Nutrition Surveys, Obesity, United States epidemiology, Bariatric Surgery, Obesity, Morbid epidemiology, Obesity, Morbid surgery
- Abstract
Objectives: Class II (120% > body mass index [BMI] < 140% of the 95th percentile for age and sex) and Class III (BMI >140% of the 95th percentile for age and sex) obesity are the fastest growing subcategories of obesity in the United States pediatric population. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for with class II/III obesity. The primary objectives of this analysis were to determine the (1) current US MBS utilization rates in those with class II/III obesity and (2) utilization rates and 30-day postoperative outcomes., Background: The 2015 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cross-sectional data (N = 19,225) generated US with class II/III obesity prevalence estimates. The 2015 to 2018 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) longitudinal (30 days) cohort data were used to compare adolescent and adult (N = 748,622) postoperative outcomes and to calculate utilization rates., Methods: The 2015 to 2018 youth and adult MBS utilization rates were calculated using MBSAQIP data (numerator) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (denominator). Two-sample tests of proportions were performed to compare the MBS utilization rates by age, ethnicity, and sex and expressed per 1000., Results: Mean age of the analytical MBSAQIP sample was 17.9 (1.15) years in youth (n = 3846) and 45.1 (11.5) in adults (N = 744,776), majority female (77.4%, 80.7%, respectively) and non-Hispanic White (68.5%, 59.4%, respectively). The overall 2015 to 2018 MBS utilization rate for youth was 1.81 per 1000 and 5.56 per 1000 for adults ( P < 0.001). Adult patients had slightly higher percentage (4.2%) of hospital readmissions compared to youth (3.4%, P = 0.01) but there were no other post-MBS complication differences. From 2015 to 2018 the US prevalence of youth with class II/III obesity increased in Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks (P trend < 0.001), but among youth who did complete MBS non-Hispanic Whites had higher rates of utilization (45.8%) compared to Hispanics (22.7%) and non-Hispanic blacks 14.2% (P = 0.006)., Conclusions: MBS is an underutilized obesity treatment tool for both youth and adults, and among ethnic minority groups in particular., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interests., (Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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