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Abstract Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy was introduced in 1995 as a means of minimally invasive surgeries that entail kidney extraction from healthy individuals. Since then, it has widely overtaken the traditional open surgical approaches, especially in live donor nephrectomy procedures worldwide. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery is considered a more optimized surgical approach utilizing a single incision instead of four. Various studies have scrutinized many of the risk factors related to such surgeries, most commonly: vascular problems, intraoperative organ injury, and postoperative ileus. Other rare complications have not been thoroughly explored due to their decreased prevalence. Internal hernias are considered a rare complication of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery with dangerous repercussions ranging from bowel obstruction to ischemia, and necrosis. Our study presents a rare case of a trans-mesenteric internal hernia following laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. The patient was relatively healthy with no serious medical conditions. However, the past medical history did record a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome a few years back. Knowing that the occurrence of internal hernias is infrequent, we recommend that mesenteric defects be taken seriously to avoid the risk of internal hernias and their complications.

Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy was introduced in 1995 as a means of minimally invasive surgeries that entail kidney extraction from healthy individuals. Since then, it has widely overtaken the traditional open surgical approaches, especially in live donor nephrectomy procedures worldwide. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery is considered a more optimized surgical approach utilizing a single incision instead of four. Various studies have scrutinized many of the risk factors related to such surgeries, most commonly: vascular problems, intraoperative organ injury, and postoperative ileus. Other rare complications have not been thoroughly explored due to their decreased prevalence. Internal hernias are considered a rare complication of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery with dangerous repercussions ranging from bowel obstruction to ischemia, and necrosis. Our study presents a rare case of a trans-mesenteric internal hernia following laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. The patient was relatively healthy with no serious medical conditions. However, the past medical history did record a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome a few years back. Knowing that the occurrence of internal hernias is infrequent, we recommend that mesenteric defects be taken seriously to avoid the risk of internal hernias and their complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Methods Results Conclusion To report the application of laparoscopic single‐incision triangulated umbilical surgery (SITUS) pyeloplasty in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and compare its feasibility and efficacy with traditional three‐hole laparoscopic pyeloplasty.Data from children with UPJO who underwent SITUS between July 2018 and August 2021 were included in this retrospective study and patients who were treated with traditional laparoscopic pyeloplasty were chosen for comparison. Thirty‐two patients from SITUS group and 72 patients from traditional group were reviewed. The clinical characteristics, complications, and follow‐up results were collected and compared.The preoperative demographic data and imaging parameters, including sex, surgical side, age, BMI, and preoperative anterior–posterior pelvic diameter (APD), showed no significant differences between the two groups. The median surgical time was 135 min (IQR: 119.75–160.5) in SITUS group, while 163.5 min (IQR: 141.25–187.5) in the traditional group (p = 0.0008). Two Clavien‐Dindo III complications (6.25%) in SITUS group and 11 (15.3%) in the traditional group were recorded (p = 0.335). The success rate was 100% (32/32) in SITUS group and 94% (68/72) in the traditional group (p = 0.309).SITUS pyeloplasty is a feasible and effective laparo‐endoscopic single‐site (LESS) technique for pediatric patients with excellent cosmetic results comparable to the conventional laparoscopic pyeloplasty. More cases and longer follow‐up periods are needed to determine the exact outcomes of the modified LESS technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical remote sensing of snow is challenged by the complex radiative transfer mechanism in alpine environments. The representation of topographic effects in interpreting satellite imagery of snow is still limited to inadequate analytical modelization. Here we develop a framework that explicitly solves multiple terrain reflections and generates the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance of alpine snow by the modified four-stream radiative transfer theory. This framework comprises an atmosphere module, a terrain module and a surface spectra module relying on the approximate asymptotic radiative transfer (ART) model. In the terrain module, the iterative solution to multiple terrain reflections is facilitated with a viewshed calculating algorithm which identifies adjacent slopes and related geometric angles to derive terrain-reflected irradiance. The modeled TOA radiance is compared with Landsat-8/9 OLI, Sentinel-2A/B MSI and Terra MODIS radiance imagery. Experiments of several snow-covered mountainous regions in the Pamir area reveal that the TOA radiance modeling results agree well with satellite observations with reported R 2 ≥ 0. 86 , though subject to the uncertainties due to complex topography and seasonality. The modeled terrain-reflected irradiance is verified with the ray-tracing software called LargE-Scale Remote Sensing Data and Image Simulation Framework (LESS), and reliable modeling performance is confirmed as R 2 values are ≥ 0. 90. This model framework allows for better interpreting the apparent spectra of alpine snow through the physically-based linkage with snow's intrinsic properties and environmental conditions. • A novel model for TOA radiance of alpine snow. • Improving the four-stream radiative transfer theory to adapt to rugged terrain. • Terrain reflections are explicitly modeled and facilitated by a viewshed method. • Simulations have close results with satellite images and the LESS model. • Model sensitivity to topographic parameters is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Spor Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To address the shortcomings of the Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO) algorithm in ship power-system fault reconfiguration, such as low population diversity and an imbalance between global exploration and local exploitation, the authors of this paper propose an improved Dung Beetle Optimization (LESSDBO) algorithm. The improvements include optimizing the initial population using Latin hypercube sampling and an elite population strategy, optimizing parameters with an improved sigmoid activation function, introducing the sine–cosine algorithm (SCA) for position update optimization, and performing multi-population mutation operations based on individual quality. The LESSDBO algorithm was applied to simulate the fault reconfiguration of a ship power system, and it was compared with the traditional DBO, Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MSCPSO) methods. The simulation results showed that LESSDBO outperformed the other algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy, convergence speed, and global search capability. Specifically, in the reconfiguration under Fault 1, LESSDBO achieved optimal convergence in seven iterations, reducing convergence iterations by more than 30% compared with the other algorithms. In the reconfiguration under Fault 2, LESSDBO achieved optimal convergence in eight iterations, reducing convergence iterations by more than 23% compared with the other algorithms. Additionally, in the reconfiguration under Fault Condition 1, LESSDBO achieved a minimum of four switch actions, which is 33% fewer than the other algorithms, on average. In the reconfiguration under Fault Condition 2, LESSDBO achieved a minimum of eight switch actions, which is a 5.9% reduction compared with the other algorithms. Furthermore, LESSDBO obtained the optimal reconfiguration solution in all 50 trials for both Faults 1 and 2, demonstrating a 100% optimal convergence probability and significantly enhancing the reliability and stability of the algorithm. The proposed method effectively overcomes the limitations of the traditional DBO in fault reconfiguration, providing an efficient and stable solution for the intelligent topology reconfiguration of ship power systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sport & Recreation Researches is the property of Journal of Sport & Recreation Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The increasing use of robotic systems for anti-reflux operations prompted this study to evaluate and compare the efficacy of robotic and Laparo-Endoscopic Single-Site (LESS) approaches. Methods: From 2012, 228 robotic fundoplication and 518 LESS fundoplication patients were prospectively followed, analyzing perioperative metrics. Data are presented as median (mean ± SD); significance at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Patients undergoing a robotic vs. LESS fundoplication were 67 (64 ± 13.7) vs. 61 (59 ± 15.1) years-old with BMIs of 25 (25 ± 3.2) vs. 26 (25 ± 3.9) kg/m2 (p = 0.001 and 1.00, respectively). 72% of patients who underwent the robotic approach had a previous abdominal operation(s) vs 44% who underwent the LESS approach (p = 0.0001). 38% vs. 8% had a re-operative fundoplication (p = 0.0001), 59% vs. 45% had a type IV hiatal hernia (p = 0.0004). Operative duration was 160 (176 ± 76.7) vs. 130 (135 ± 50.5) min (p = 0.0001). There were 0 (robotic) vs. 5 (LESS) conversions to a different approach (p = 0.33). 5 Patients vs. 3 patients experienced postoperative complications (p = 0.06), and length of stay (LOS) was 1 (2 ± 2.6) vs. 1 (1 ± 3.2) days (p = 0.0001). Patient symptomatic dysphagia preoperatively for the robotic vs. LESS approach was scored as 2 (2.4 ± 1.9) vs. 1 (1.9 ± 1.6). Postoperatively, symptomatic dysphagia was scored as 1 (1.5 ± 1.6) vs. 1 (1.7 ± 1.7). The change in these scores was − 1 (− 1 ± 2.2) vs. 0 (− 0.5 ± 2.2) (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Despite longer operative times and LOS in older patients, the robotic approach is efficient in undertaking very difficult operations, including patients with type IV or recurrent hiatal hernias. Furthermore, preoperative anti-reflux operations were more likely to be undertaken with the robotic approach than the LESS approach. The patient's postoperative symptomatic dysphagia improved relatively more than after the LESS approach. The vast majority of patients who underwent the LESS approach enjoyed improved cosmesis, thus, making LESS a stronger candidate for more routine operations. Despite patient selection bias, the robotic and LESS approaches to anti-reflux operations are safe, efficacious, and should be situationally utilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the shortcomings of the Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO) algorithm in ship power-system fault reconfiguration, such as low population diversity and an imbalance between global exploration and local exploitation, the authors of this paper propose an improved Dung Beetle Optimization (LESSDBO) algorithm. The improvements include optimizing the initial population using Latin hypercube sampling and an elite population strategy, optimizing parameters with an improved sigmoid activation function, introducing the sine–cosine algorithm (SCA) for position update optimization, and performing multi-population mutation operations based on individual quality. The LESSDBO algorithm was applied to simulate the fault reconfiguration of a ship power system, and it was compared with the traditional DBO, Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MSCPSO) methods. The simulation results showed that LESSDBO outperformed the other algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy, convergence speed, and global search capability. Specifically, in the reconfiguration under Fault 1, LESSDBO achieved optimal convergence in seven iterations, reducing convergence iterations by more than 30% compared with the other algorithms. In the reconfiguration under Fault 2, LESSDBO achieved optimal convergence in eight iterations, reducing convergence iterations by more than 23% compared with the other algorithms. Additionally, in the reconfiguration under Fault Condition 1, LESSDBO achieved a minimum of four switch actions, which is 33% fewer than the other algorithms, on average. In the reconfiguration under Fault Condition 2, LESSDBO achieved a minimum of eight switch actions, which is a 5.9% reduction compared with the other algorithms. Furthermore, LESSDBO obtained the optimal reconfiguration solution in all 50 trials for both Faults 1 and 2, demonstrating a 100% optimal convergence probability and significantly enhancing the reliability and stability of the algorithm. The proposed method effectively overcomes the limitations of the traditional DBO in fault reconfiguration, providing an efficient and stable solution for the intelligent topology reconfiguration of ship power systems.

Full waveform hyperspectral LiDAR can simultaneously obtain three-dimensional spatial information and spectral information of targets. As a result of it, target attributes in the vertical direction can be accurately assessed. However, spectral reflectance extraction from full waveform hyperspectral LiDAR data, especially for multi-echo full waveforms, is still challenging due to the indeterminate backscattering cross-sectional area and unseparated reflectance. This challenge hampers the extraction accuracy of multi-echo reflectance and then causes underestimation consequently. Here, we proposed a new method to extract reflectance of multi-echo full waveforms, namely multi-echo reflectance correction using neighbourhood single-echo reflectance (MCNS), and verified its validation by using the coefficient of determination (R 2) and the root mean square error (RMSE) based on simulated and measured data. Results indicated that R 2 and RMSE between the corrected simulated multi-echo reflectance and the spectrometer reflectance were more than 0.95 and less than 0.042 respectively, while that between the corrected measured multi-echo reflectance and the spectrometer reflectance were above 0.56 and below 0.15 respectively. These results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method in extracting multi-echo reflectance. This study lays a foundation for subsequent forest attribute assessments more accurately, making it possible to characterise multiple target features vertically using high-resolution spectral reflectance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a widely used technology for the acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) information about a wide variety of physical objects and environments. However, before conducting a campaign, a test is typically conducted to assess the potential of the utilized algorithm for information retrieval. It might not be a real campaign but rather a simulation to save time and costs. Here, a multi-platform LiDAR simulation model considering the location, direction, and wavelength of each emitted laser pulse was developed based on the large-scale remote sensing (RS) data and image simulation framework (LESS) model, which is a 3D radiative transfer model for simulating passive optical remote sensing signals using the ray tracing algorithm. The LESS LiDAR simulator took footprint size, returned energy, multiple scattering, and multispectrum LiDAR into account. The waveform and point similarity were assessed with the LiDAR module of the discrete anisotropic radiative transfer (DART) model. Abstract and realistic scenes were designed to assess the simulated LiDAR waveforms and point clouds. A waveform comparison in the abstract scene with the DART LiDAR module showed that the relative error was lower than 1%. In the realistic scene, airborne and terrestrial laser scanning were simulated by LESS and DART LiDAR modules. Their coefficients of determination ranged from 0.9108 to 0.9984 . Their mean was 0.9698 . The number of discrete returns fitted well and the coefficient of determination was 0.9986 . A terrestrial point cloud comparison in the realistic scene showed that the coefficient of determination between the two sets of data could reach 0.9849 . The performance of the LESS LiDAR simulator was also compared with the DART LiDAR module and HELIOS++. The results showed that the LESS LiDAR simulator is over three times faster than the DART LiDAR module and HELIOS++ when simulating terrestrial point clouds in a realistic scene. The proposed LiDAR simulator offers two modes for simulating point clouds: single-ray and multi-ray modes. The findings demonstrate that utilizing a single-ray simulation approach can significantly reduce the simulation time, by over 28 times, without substantially affecting the overall point number or ground pointswhen compared to employing multiple rays for simulations. This new LESS model integrating a LiDAR simulator has great potential in terms of simultaneously simulating LiDAR data and optical images based on the same 3D scene and parameters. As a proof of concept, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) results from multispectral images and the vertical profiles from multispectral LiDAR waveforms were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that the proposed LESS LiDAR simulator can fulfill its design goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify football players at high risk (HR) for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury via a four-test battery and assess possible factors affecting classification. Ninety-one professional and semi-professional male athletes participated in a field-based pre-season screening. The cut-off points of the test battery were 10% acknowledged inter-limb asymmetry limit for quadriceps and hamstring isometric strength and single-leg triple hop for distance, in addition to the upper limit of 6 errors in the landing error scoring system (LESS). Additional assessment of hip adductors and core stability completed the global functional profile of the players. Sixty-one players were identified as HR and thirty as low-risk (LR) for ACL injury. Discriminant analysis showed that the proposed test battery classified accurately 78.0% of them, with 91.8 sensitivity and 61.9% specificity. Only four misclassified players in the LR group were at risk of inadequate treatment. All participants were considered healthy, and history of a previously rehabilitated injury did not interfere with the results. LESS seems to be the best predictor for injury-risk grouping. Prone bridge time was also a whole-body variable discriminating between groups. The proposed test battery provides a promising option for field-based pre-season ACL risk assessment of football players and needs to be studied prospectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The product of leaf area index (LAI) and clumping index (CI) quantifies the effective leaf abundance and distribution across the landscape, and therefore, governs the radiation absorption, evapotranspiration, and carbon assimilation processes in the terrestrial ecosystems. Previous studies were mainly focused on developing inversion methods applicable to large scale for retrieving LAI and CI from multi-angular satellite observations. However, a few studies focused on quantifying the sensitivity of canopy bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) to changes in CI in a forward manner, hampering an accurate understanding of the relationship between CI and BRDF. In this study, we simulated how BRDF responds to changes in CI in Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) forests based on a 3D radiative transfer model LESS and ground-measured data. We found that the LESS model effectively simulated the hot-spot, roof, and bowl-edge characteristics of the canopy BRDF by changing the sun-sensor geometry. We constructed forest scenes with variable CI (ranging from 0.4 to 0.8) to investigate the clumping effect on BRDF with different solar and observation angles. The red band bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) showed higher sensitivity to changes in CI than that in the near-infrared (NIR) band. Canopy BRFs in the red band along the principal plane and cross principal planes measured in different seasons showed consistent sensitivity to changes in CI, suggesting that the red band BRF is helpful for CI inversion for forests with different levels of foliage clumping. In the NIR band, canopy BRFs along the principal plane measured in growing seasons [with solar zenith angle (SZA) 40°) were sensitive to changes in CI in highly clumped forests (with CI ranging from 0.4 to 0.6). However, canopy BRF in the NIR band showed low sensitivity to changes in CI in highly clumped forests (CI

Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню важливості використання гнучких технологій в управлінні як однією командою, так і великою кількістю команд. Розглянуто сутність управління процесами взаємовідносин у командах. Обґрунтовано характеристики ефективних команд. Визначено сутність, цінності, принципи, переваги та недоліки Agile-філософії. Обґрунтовано використання підходів Scrum для управління однією командою. Визначено особливості управління великою кількістю команд та запропоновано адаптувати Scrum до управління декількома командами в компанії через використання методологія LeSS (Large-Scale Scrum або «Scrum на великих масштабах», LeSS Huge). Розроблено рекомендації для українських підприємств щодо впровадження Agile-методів для підвищення конкурентоспроможності команд та їх адаптації під зміни зовнішнього середовища.

Background: Because of special technical challenges, laparoendoscopic single‐site surgery (LESS) has been introduced into surgical practice, with surgeons required to have adequate training. The COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly affected every aspect of healthcare systems, including LESS training, which must be modified to minimize the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods: A 3‐session training programme was designed in 2020 during the epidemic, which was modified in 2019 before the pandemic. Session 1 was an online study on LESS knowledge. Session 2 involved the trainees' self‐directed simulator‐training. Task performance was evaluated using the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) scoring. Session 3 was practical training, including trainers' live surgical video demonstrations and trainees' surgical video feedback after training. Video feedback performance was evaluated using the modified global rating scale (GRS). Furthermore, trainees completed a general self‐efficacy (GSE) instrument. Forty‐two gynaecology trainees were allocated into two groups: novices (n = 32) and experts (n = 10). Results: Compared with pre‐training, FLS scores improved in peg transfer (P < 0.001 and P = 0.01) and pattern cutting (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001) for novices and experts, respectively. Participants (81% versus 67%) provided first and second video feedback, respectively. Compared to the first feedback, the GRS scores of both groups improved significantly in the second feedback. All trainees showed an increase in GSE after training (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The modified LESS training programme is a practical and effective option that allows trainees to continue training during the epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify football players at high risk (HR) for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury via a four-test battery and assess possible factors affecting classification. Ninety-one professional and semi-professional male athletes participated in a field-based pre-season screening. The cut-off points of the test battery were 10% acknowledged inter-limb asymmetry limit for quadriceps and hamstring isometric strength and single-leg triple hop for distance, in addition to the upper limit of 6 errors in the landing error scoring system (LESS). Additional assessment of hip adductors and core stability completed the global functional profile of the players. Sixty-one players were identified as HR and thirty as low-risk (LR) for ACL injury. Discriminant analysis showed that the proposed test battery classified accurately 78.0% of them, with 91.8 sensitivity and 61.9% specificity. Only four misclassified players in the LR group were at risk of inadequate treatment. All participants were considered healthy, and history of a previously rehabilitated injury did not interfere with the results. LESS seems to be the best predictor for injury-risk grouping. Prone bridge time was also a whole-body variable discriminating between groups. The proposed test battery provides a promising option for field-based pre-season ACL risk assessment of football players and needs to be studied prospectively.

High spatial resolution remote sensing data serve as a new data source for quantitative remote sensing of vegetation, bringing in both new challenges and opportunities. The traditional leaf area index ( LAI) inversion method based on the radiative transfer theory takes Beer - Lambert Law as the primary theoretical basis. The prerequisite for its application is that the leaf distribution in pixels follows a Poisson distribution. This study explored the appropriate scale in the case that the spatial distribution of continuous vegetation leaves in pixels foUows a Poiison distribution. Focusing on the wheat canopy, this study used the LESS % LargE - Scale remote sensing data and image Simulation framework]) software to simulate the remote sensing images of continuous wheat canopy. Based on this, this study analyzed the appropriate scale on which continuous wheat canopy leaves follow a Poiison distribution through the three - dimensional simulation of leaf canopy. Moreover, this study constructed a method for calculating the appropriate scale of the LAI inversion of continuous vegetation. The results show that the appropriate scale is influenced by the LAI value and the aggregation effect. The UAV hyperspectral data and the LAI inversion results from Luohe City, Henan Province validated the feasibility of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pryor, JL, Burbulys, ER, Root, HJ, and Pryor, RR. Movement technique during jump-landing differs between sex among athletic playing surfaces. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 661-666, 2022-Whether athletic surface type affects movement technique, a causal factor for lower extremity injury, is unclear. This study evaluated the influence of 4 common athletic surfaces on movement technique using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). Secondarily, we aimed to evaluate differences in movement technique between men and women among surfaces. Recreationally active men and women (n = 38) completed jump-landing tests on 4 common athletic surfaces in a quasi-randomized crossover fashion. Vertical jump height, perceptual fatigue, and muscle soreness were evaluated before jump-landing movement analyses and were similar across testing sessions (p > 0.05). Men achieved higher LESS scores on hardwood and artificial pellet turf compared with women (p <= 0.037). Women exhibited lower LESS scores on grass and artificial turf vs. concrete (p <= 0.048). Data indicate differential lower extremity movement technique and therefore injury risk across athletic surface types and sex, challenging the generalizability of the LESS construct. Athletic playing surface should be considered during movement technique assessment and implementation of injury prevention programs. /=> [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the safety and feasibility of treating stage I–IV endometriosis patients with robotic single-site surgery (RSSS). A retrospective chart review was conducted on 334 patients with endometriosis treated by a single surgeon at a university hospital from January 2015 to November 2019. Surgeries were performed in a single institution between 2015 and 2019. All patients presented with pelvic pain and underwent surgical resection of the lesion. American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) standards were used to classify endometriosis. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the feasibility and safety of RSSS for surgical resection of stage I–IV endometriosis patients. We will compare patient characteristics and surgical parameters, such as blood loss, operating time, and postoperative complications, across different endometriosis stages to evaluate the effectiveness of this novel technique. RSSS was used for all cases, with no conversions to laparotomy or traditional laparoscopy. One to two additional ports were placed in 41 patients with deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) involving the colorectal and urinary tract and/or extensive pelvic adhesions. Across patient groups, there were no significant differences in age, BMI, fertility history, abdominal surgery history, and hysterectomy ratio (P > 0.05). The median operation time was 140.25 min (range: 85.50–260.00 min, P < 0.05) and median blood loss was 31.25 mL (range: 15–100 mL, P < 0.05). Histopathology supported the diagnosis in 259/334 patients. The undiagnosed patients were associated with lower ASRM scores. For 83.3% of patients (295/334), the length of hospital stay was < 24 h. The postoperative complication rate was 6.0% (20/334), although only two cases were severe. Our results indicate that RSSS is an alternative, safe, and acceptable platform for the surgical treatment of all stages of endometriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) means connectivity between wireless interface and mobile vehicle equipment which could be of either homogeneous or heterogeneous nature. VANET is an emerging part of research due to its ability to create intelligent transport systems. Roadside fixed equipment (RSU), and on-board unit (OBU) can be either public means of transport service providers or private (belonging to companies or individuals). In this infrastructure, messages flow from vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside via wireless technologies such as IEEE 8.02.11.P and IEEE 1609 WAVE. The main issue in VANET implementation is the design of routing topology that gives accurate vehicle-to-vehicle transmission. In VANET, every participating vehicle node works as a single-vehicle node or wireless router, allowing vehicles that are 100–500 m far from creating a network and connected to each other by a large range using dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol. In this paper, we focus on improving connectivity by integrating simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) with NETSIM and present a new algorithm for packet delivery in different dense environments. In this work, we propose a vehicle connectivity algorithm for less (40), moderate (50), and more (60) number of vehicles and also analyze the threshold value of successfully delivered packets through simulation and the proposed algorithm. In the simulations and proposed method, the overall link and application throughput in VANET is enhanced, and the outcome shows that the connectivity is better than in the other techniques. This study has achieved good throughput in a dense vehicle environment. Performance of the networks has been measured through throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), overhead head transmission for less (40), moderate (50), or more (60) number of vehicles on different road paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The concept of surgery through a single incision has been pursued in the field of minimal invasion for the treatment of different pathologies. This, added to a retroperitoneal approach, implies less aggression for the patient at different levels. We describe the first cases of single-port robot-assisted retroperitoneal surgery (SP-RARS) in our country using the da Vinci Xi® system., Material and Methods: We present two cases of patients with right adrenal masses larger than 4 cm. The first case was a 55-year-old woman with an incidental diagnosis of angiomyolipoma, and the second case was a 62-year-old man with a non-functioning adrenal adenoma. Both cases were operated through a single 4-cm subcostal incision using the da Vinci Xi® system, annulling arm 4 without reallocating laterality on the surgeon's console., Results: Both surgeries were performed with console times of 75 and 150 min, respectively, with access and docking times below 30 min. Bleeding was less than 100 cc in both surgeries without the need to make accessory incisions or leave a drainage tube. The surgical specimens were removed through the same initial incision without the need for enlargement. Postoperative intravenous analgesia was not necessary in any case (VAS 0) and hospital stay was less than 24 h in both patients without reporting any complications., Conclusions: SP-RARS is a feasible approach using the da Vinci Xi® system., (Copyright © 2022 AEU. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

The use of a rigid tube endoscope (RTE) through a laparoendoscopic single site surgery device for intracavitary visualization during endoscopic uniportal surgery (EUS) is directly related to the fulcrum effect and physical competition (externally between surgeons and on instrumentation through the single port). These facts may have precluded a wider spread of EUS. In an attempt to separate the imaging system from the laparoendoscopic single site surgery device, a tiered project (3 models) that can help overcome these drawbacks is detailed. ZEUS1, a new non-RTE imaging system device for EUS was successfully tested in EUS surgery in a pig model. Still under investigation, ZEUS2 becomes a wired structure that serves as the basis for an endoscopic microcamera with intracavitary pan-tilt-zoom functions. ZEUS3 uses the inner ring of the surgical wound protector as a microchamber crown. Further studies are needed to materialize the ZEUS2 and ZEUS3 models and confirm their efficacy and safety., (Copyright © 2021 AEC. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)