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Developing the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry significantly reduces pollutant emissions in the transportation sector, promotes high-quality carbon peaks, and reduces dependence on oil imports. Industrial policies also support the NEV industry, constantly enhancing its international competitiveness. The Dual Credit Policy, implemented in 2017, has pressured automotive manufacturers to transform their production models, reduce the output of traditional fuel vehicles, and increase the production of NEV. This study analyzes the effects of the Dual Credit Policy on corporate competitiveness before and after implementing it, using listed companies in China's NEV industry as the research subjects. The results indicate that the Dual Credit Policy significantly enhanced corporate competitiveness through substantial innovation. Additionally, the difference-in-differences (DID) model results reveal that the policy's promotional effect is more pronounced in traditional vehicle companies due to higher pressure. Heterogeneity tests show that the policy has a more significant effect on state-owned enterprises and that regional marketization differences lead to a greater promotional impact on enterprises in the central and eastern regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the paradoxical impact of environmental regulations on green innovation in the manufacturing of new energy vehicles (NEVs) from a stakeholder perspective. We address the dual challenge of accelerating green innovation across various diffusion stages and refining environmental regulations for effective stakeholder engagement, including the central government, upstream suppliers, and internal operations teams. First, we utilize Stackelberg game theory to analyze the strategic interaction and behavioral rationale between local governments and NEV manufacturers at different stages of innovation diffusion, represented by specific parameter sets. Second, we examine the roles of four key stakeholders, exploring their unique impact mechanisms and potential to influence the game's Nash equilibrium. Finally, the game models' validity and primary conclusions are corroborated with real-world case studies, prominently including the ongoing shift of Chinese automakers towards NEVs. Results demonstrate that: (1) environmental regulations should be calibrated according to the diffusion stages of green innovation, and (2) misaligned stakeholder interests can lead to environmental regulations that inadvertently hinder, rather than promote, NEV manufacturers' green innovation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement of farmer professional cooperatives in China, the prevalence of the "empty shell" phenomenon has posed a significant challenge to the health and sustainability of these cooperatives. Utilizing data from 1570 such cooperatives in Guizhou Province, China, this study uses the multi-time differential model and the spatial Durbin model to study the impact of demonstration cooperatives on the "empty shell" of cooperatives and the spatial spillover effect of demonstration cooperatives. The study results show the following: (1) Agricultural professional cooperatives are rated as national or provincial demonstration cooperatives, which are conducive to their development, and the policy evaluation of demonstration cooperatives can effectively inhibit the "empty shell" phenomenon of cooperatives. (2) National and provincial demonstration cooperatives can effectively inhibit the "empty shell" of cooperatives in the region. (3) When there are provincial demonstration cooperatives in the surrounding areas, there will be a spatial spillover effect and the empty shell of regional cooperatives will be inhibited. However, to restrain the "empty shell" of cooperatives, it is essential to capitalize on the spatial policy influence of "demonstration cooperatives" while being vigilant against potential spatial siphoning effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing foreign object detection methods in coal mine belt transportation are low in detection precision and slow in detection speed, and YOLOv3 algorithm has faster detection speed and higher detection precision. However, when it is used in foreign object detection in coal mine belt transportation, there are problems such as poor detection effect on small targets, easy to appear missing detection and imbalance of positive and negative samples. In order to solve the above problems, Fast_YOLOv3 algorithm is designed. By improving the priori box and bounding box, the algorithm is adapted to the detection scenario of small target foreign object in coal mine belt transportation. By adding the deconvolution network, the algorithm is able to improve the detection capability of small target foreign object. By introducing the Focal Loss to improve the cross entropy of the negative sample confidence in the loss function, the algorithm is able to solve the problem of imbalance in the number of positive and negative samples so as to improve the detection precision. The StiPic data enhancement method is designed to preprocess the coal belt transportation image to improve the training efficiency of the Fast_YOLOv3 model and the detection precision of small target foreign objects. The experimental and field test results show that the Fast_YOLOv3 algorithm can detect foreign objects in the belt transportation with an average precision of 90.12% , an average detection time of 35 ms, and a detection rate of 93.50% for small target foreign objects, which meets the requirements of foreign objects detection precision and real-time detection in the belt transportation field.

The burgeoning digital economy has facilitated a transformation and upgraded within the energy industry, which, in return, continually guarantees robust energy security for the expansion of the digital economy. China's digital economy and energy sector have increasingly merged and innovated in the domains of technology, market, and operations in recent years. Consequently, an accurate assessment of the interplay between these two sectors and their evolving patterns is vital for policy formulation and execution concerning their joint development. Drawing on 14,520 authoritative departmental statistics from 30 Chinese provinces spanning 2011 to 2021, this study applies techniques such as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-Malmquist, grey correlation, and objective empowerment to develop a quantitative evaluation model for the reciprocal evolution of these industries finding that the own synergistic evolutionary effect of these two industries experienced fluctuations, declining from 0.8512 and 0.7535 in 2012 to 0.4590 and 0.4378 in 2021, respectively. Conversely, the comprehensive synergistic evolutionary effect between industries increased from 0.5879 in 2012 to 0.6841 in 2021. Building upon these findings, a series of development proposals are put forth to provide valuable insights and recommendations for advancing the high-level coordinated development of China's digital economy and energy industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To boost the performance of the air-cooling battery thermal management system, this study designed a novel vortex adjustment structure for the conventional air-cooling battery pack used in electric vehicles. T-shape vortex generating columns were proposed to be added between the battery cells in the battery pack. This structure could effectively change the aerodynamic patterns and thermodynamic properties of the battery pack, including turbulent eddy frequency, turbulent kinetic energy, and average Reynolds number, etc. The modified aerodynamic patterns and thermodynamic properties increased the heat transfer coefficient with little increase in energy consumption and almost no additional cost. Different designs were also evaluated and optimized under different working conditions. The results showed that the cooling performance of the Design 1 improved at both low and high air flow rates. At a small flow rate of 11.88 L/s, the Tmax and ΔT of Design 1 are 0.85 K and 0.49 K lower than the conventional design with an increase in pressure drop of 0.78 Pa. At a relative high flow rate of 47.52 L/s, the Tmax and ΔT of the Design 1 are also 0.46 K and 0.13 K lower than the conventional design with a slight increase in pressure drop of 17.88 Pa. These results demonstrated that the proposed vortex generating design can improve the cooling performance of the battery pack, which provides a guideline for the design and optimization of the high-performance air-cooling battery thermal management systems in electric vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]