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Background: Congenital agenesis of internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare cerebrovascular variation entity. Most cases of congenital ICA agenesis are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. Congenital ICA agenesis presenting as ischemic stroke is even rare. Case presentation: An 80-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to sudden dysarthria and left limb weakness for 3.5 h. Based on emergency physical examination and head computed tomography (CT) scan results, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) of right cerebral hemisphere was suspected. Following intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, right congenital agenesis of ICA was confirmed by CT and digital subtraction angiography. Additionally, there was a severe right vertebral artery ostial (VAO) stenosis. After ruling out common causes of AIS such as haematological diseases, arterial dissection, organic heart disease, immunological abnormality and underlying possible malignancies, we hypothesize that the severe stenosis of the right VAO may have contributed to the development of AIS in this case. Conclusions: We present a case of right congenital ICA agenesis in which severe stenosis of the right VAO may have played a role in the development of AIS. This case underscores a rare scenario where a lesion in the posterior circulation leads to an infarction in the anterior circulation in the setting of congenital ICA agenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a key treatment option for moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis. Carotid stent thrombosis (CST), a rare complication of CAS, has gained significant attention because of its catastrophic nature. More evidences are needed to guide the diagnosis and treatment of CST. Case presentation: This study reports a rare case of sub-acute CST following CAS in a 50-year-old male patient who had experienced repeated cerebrovascular events on the premise of taking antiplatelet drugs. He also suffered an occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the M2 segment, likely caused by an embolus detached from the stent thrombus. The cause of CST in this patient was presumed to be dual antiplatelet resistance (AR), as indicated by genetic testing. After treated with guide catheter-directed thrombolysis, thrombus aspiration, and a second round of thrombolysis, his in-stent thrombus was basically cleared. His M2 occlusion was resolved by mechanical thrombectomy using the Solitaire FR/Stent with Intermediate Catheter Assisting technique. The patient recovered well after replacement of antiplatelet drugs, and no new thromboembolic event occurred during the 13-month follow-up period. Conclusions: The occurrence rate of AR-related CST may be underestimated as the cause of majority CST cases remains unclear. Implementation of genetic test for aspirin and clopidogrel resistance may be helpful to find the possible cause of CST and to avoid future repeated cerebrovascular events by replacement of antiplatelet drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation on the carbon emissions of large public buildings and carbon reduction measures are very important to help reach carbon peak demand and carbon neutral. The purpose of this study is to conduct energy audits and energy-saving assessments on large public and commercial buildings to find out the impact of various behavioural activities related to buildings on carbon emissions and energy consumption, and to explore the carbon reduction potential of buildings. In China, the energy structure based on fossil fuels will not change in a short term, and energy consumption will inevitably increase with economic development; however, the energy efficiency is the main factor that affects the building carbon emissions. And changing energy efficiency will reduce emissions by 9.29%, while improving the energy structure will reduce emissions by only 0.46%; it is the key work to slow down greenhouse gas emissions in buildings that is reducing power consumption of electrical equipment, especially the air-conditioning system, which can result in 49.72% energy saving after reforming.

Oily fine particles are an important air pollutant in industrial environments. Workers exposed to oil mist for a long time face great health risks. Particle growth pretreatment is a technical principle to increase particle size and improve purification efficiency. Acoustic waves are commonly used to acheive particle growth, and a large number of acoustic wave agglomeration experiments have been carried out on non-oil fog. However, studies on oily particles are few. On the basis of previous studies on acoustic agglomeration of non-oily particles, this experiment designed a set of experimental equipment to compare the agglomeration effect of oily and non-oily particles. It was found that the agglomeration effect ratio of oily and non-oily particles to φ1oiliness/φ1non-oily particles was greater than 1. Therefore, the agglomeration effect of oily particles under stationary acoustic waves was more obvious. Results clearly show that oily particles have a higher agglomeration ability. In this study, a traditional ventilation and purification technology was expanded to include sound agglomeration technology into the pretreatment stage of purification and dust removal, thereby demonstrating feasibility of improved purification efficiency of an oily fine particle purification system, and laying a foundation for engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-based catalysts are the most intensively studied in the field of electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), demonstrating the capacity to yield diverse C 1 and C 2+ products albeit with unsatisfactory selectivity. Manipulation of the oxidation state of Cu sites during CO 2 RR process proves advantageous in modulating the selectivity of productions, but poses a formidable challenge. Here, an oxygen spillover strategy is proposed to enhance the oxidation state of Cu during CO 2 RR by incorporating the oxygen donor Sb 2 O 4 . The Cu-Sb bimetallic oxide catalyst attains a remarkable CO 2 -to-CO selectivity approaching unity, in stark contrast to the diverse product distribution observed with bare CuO. The exceptional Faradaic efficiency of CO can be maintained across a wide range of potential windows of ≈700 mV in 1 m KOH, and remains independent of the Cu/Sb ratio (ranging from 0.1:1 to 10:1). Correlative calculations and experimental results reveal that oxygen spillover from Sb 2 O 4 to Cu sites maintains the relatively high valence state of Cu during CO 2 RR, which diminishes the binding strength of * CO, thereby achieving heightened selectivity in CO production. These findings propose the role of oxygen spillover in CO 2 RR over Cu-based catalysts, and shed light on the rational design of highly selective CO 2 reduction catalysts., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)