Search

Background: Current guidelines recommend that all infected cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) should be removed. However, financial or anatomical concerns can lead to management of infection with simple debridement, as opposed to complete removal. In this observational study, we report the outcomes of our modified procedure for this real-world dilemma., Methods and Results: The Quarantine (RESQ) method is characterized as follows: the removal (R) of all non-essential foreign materials, including old sutures and leads; the excision (E) of all non-viable, chronically inflamed, granulation, or scar tissue; the sterilization (S) of the remaining generator; and the quarantine (Q) of a new pocket in the sub-muscular layer for reimplantation. From a review of electronic medical records, 30 patients were selected and divided into three groups according to the intervention used: RESQ (n = 9) in group A, simple debridement (n = 16) in group B, and guideline-recommended replacement (n = 5) in group C. Patient baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. After analyzing the proportion of patients that were free from infection one year following their respective interventions, we found that group A performed better than group B (100% and 31.2% infection-free, respectively, p = 0.001), and was comparable to group C (both 100% infection-free, p = not applicable)., Conclusions: The RESQ method is a feasible and beneficial alternative for selected patients with CIED infections who are unable to receive a generator replacement according to the recommended guideline.

In this illustrative case, a transesophageal echocardiographic examination in a 69-year-old woman revealed normally functioning mechanical mitral prosthesis and a 4 cm left atrial heterogenous thrombus moving around her left atrium like a ping pong ball. Also visible was a thrombus within the left atrial appendage; the left atrial thrombus moved toward the mitral orifice and was bounced away by the mitral regurgitant jet.