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A repetitive plasma source for simulation of mitigated edge localized mode transient heat load is developed. The repetitive plasma source consists of a repetitive pulsed power supply and a pulsed plasma accelerator. The pulsed plasma accelerator is composed of a coaxial cathode, an anode, and an insulator. The inner electrode is the cathode with a diameter of 5 mm, and the outer electrode is the anode with a diameter of 15 mm. An angular magnetic field is generated by the discharge current and acts with the radial current to generate Lorentz force, which drives the plasma ejecting to the outlet. The repetitive pulsed power supply can be divided into three parts, the primary charge circuit, the resonant charge circuit, and the discharge circuit. The time interval between resonant charge and discharge is 4 ms. The repetitive discharge components include ten modules running in parallel. There are four working modes for discharge components, depending on the number of simultaneously discharged modules. For Mode A, the maximum repetitive frequency is 50 Hz, and the transient heat load is 0.06 MJ/m2 when the discharge current is 10.5 kA. For Mode D, the maximum repetitive frequency is 5 Hz, and the transient heat load is 0.45 MJ/m2 when the discharge current is 66 kA. This is of great significance for the study of the interaction between plasma and plasma-facing materials in tokamak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We experimentally and theoretically study the coupling between magnons and microwave photons at zero static magnetic field in a system combined by a planar superconducting cavity and a van der Waals antiferromagnetic insulator CrCl3 crystal. Using high-temperature superconductor DyBaCO, we fabricate a planar superconducting cavity with a high-quality factor. The antiferromagnetic resonance of CrCl3 has a finite resonance frequency within a microwave electronics range at zero static magnetic field, and this frequency is sensitive to the temperature. Tuning the temperature to make the antiferromagnetic resonance mode of CrCl3 approaching the cavity mode, we experimentally achieve the coupling between the magnon in CrCl3 and the microwave photon in cavity. An anticrossing feature of the transmission spectra mapping indicates the coupling of magnons and photons at zero static magnetic field. The cooperativity of the hybrid system is 76, indicating a strong coherent information exchange between photons and magnons in CrCl3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We experimentally and theoretically study the coupling between magnons and microwave photons at zero static magnetic field in a system combined by a planar superconducting cavity and a van der Waals antiferromagnetic insulator CrCl3 crystal. Using high-temperature superconductor DyBaCO, we fabricate a planar superconducting cavity with a high-quality factor. The antiferromagnetic resonance of CrCl3 has a finite resonance frequency within a microwave electronics range at zero static magnetic field, and this frequency is sensitive to the temperature. Tuning the temperature to make the antiferromagnetic resonance mode of CrCl3 approaching the cavity mode, we experimentally achieve the coupling between the magnon in CrCl3 and the microwave photon in cavity. An anticrossing feature of the transmission spectra mapping indicates the coupling of magnons and photons at zero static magnetic field. The cooperativity of the hybrid system is 76, indicating a strong coherent information exchange between photons and magnons in CrCl3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, maize starch (A-type) and potato starch (B-type) were treated with ultrahigh magnetic fields (UMF) of different intensities (5 T and 15 T) to investigate their sensitivity to UMF by measuring changes in their structure and rheological properties. The results indicate that the crystallinity of A-type starch significantly decreases, reaching a minimum of 20.01 % at 5 T. In contrast, the crystallinity of B-type starch significantly increases, peaking at 21.17 % at 15 T, accompanied by a brighter polarized cross and a more perfect crystal structure. Additionally, B-type starch exhibited a significant increase in double helix content (from 32.67 % to 42.07 %), branching degree (from 1.96 % to 3.84 %), and R 1022/995 (from 0.803 to 0.519), compared to A-type starch. B-type starch also showed a greater propensity for cross-linking reactions forming OCOR groups (from 0 % to 6.81 %), and its enthalpy change (∆H) increased substantially (from 19.28 J/g to 31.70 J/g), indicating a marked enhancement in thermal stability. Furthermore, the average hydrodynamic radius (R h ) decreased more for B-type starch, reflecting an increase in gel strength. These findings demonstrate that B-type starch is more sensitive to UMF than A-type starch. This study provides foundational data on the effects of UMF treatment on different crystalline starches, aiming to explore its potential applications in food and industrial fields., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)