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1. Relationship Between Anti-DFS70 Autoantibodies and Oxidative Stress

Author

Paweł Krzemień, Sławomir Kasperczyk, Maciej Banach, Aleksandra Kasperczyk, Michał Dobrakowski, Tomasz Tomasik, Adam Windak, Mirosław Mastej, Alberico Catapano, Kausik K Ray, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Peter P Toth, George Howard, Gregory YH Lip, Maciej Tomaszewski, Fadi J Charchar, Naveed Sattar, Bryan Williams, Thomas M MacDonald, Peter E Penson, Jacek J Jóźwiak, B. Al-Shaer, W. Andrusewicz, M. Andrzejczuk-Rosa, E. Anusz-Gaszewska, A. Bagińska, P. Balawajder, G. Bańka, E. Barańska-Skubisz, B. Barbara Przyczyna, S. Bartkowiak, J. Bartodziej, M. Bartosiewicz, M. Basałyga, A. Batyra, A. Bąk, M. Bednarz, K. Bejnar, W. Bernacki, M. Betiuk-Kwiatkowska, S. Biegaj, M. Bień, W. Bilski, M. Biłogan, G. Biruta-Pawłowska, A. Biskup, B. Błaszczyk, H. Błaszczyk, T. Błońska-Jankowska, B. Bogacka-Gancarczyk, M. Bojanowska, E. Bonda, J. Borowik-Skwarek, J. Borowska, J. Bruckner, J. Brzostek, M. Brzuchacz, M. Budzyńska, I. Bulzacka-Fugiel, J. Bulzak, K. Bunikowski, A. Cebulska, T. Celka, E. Cempel-Nowak, W. Chechliński, A. Chludzińska, D. Chmiel, M. Chmielewska, M. Cichy, A. Ciemięga, A. Ciepluch, I. Cieszyńska, B. Czajka, B. Czapla, M. Czerner, B. Czerwińska, W. Czuryszkiewicz, E. Daleka, Z. Dawid, M. Dąbrowska, R. Dąbrowska, D. Dąbrowski, M. Dąbrowski, K. Demczyszyn, A. Dębowska-Serwińska, J. Dmochowski, J. Dobrzecka-Kiwior, E. Dolanowska, H. Dolanowski, P. Dołek, M. Domagała, H. Domański, A. Doszel, D. Duda, M. Dudkowska, B. Dudziuk, P. Dybciak, M. Dymanowski, L. Dziadzio-Bolek, M. Eicke, H. El-Hassan, A. Eremus, M. Fąferek-Muller, E. Figura-Roguska, I. Fijałkowska-Kaczmarek, M. Flis, T. Florczak, M. Florczuk, E. Foryszewska-Witan, W. Frydrych, A. Fugiel, E. Futyma, A. Gaca-Jaroszewicz, I. Gajdamowicz, K. Ganczarski, A. Gatnar, M. Gers, A. Głowacki, K. Głód, J. Godula, J. Gołąb, M. Gołębiewski, E. Goszczyńska, K. Gościcka, A. Górna-Hajduga, E. Górny, T. Grabowska, R. Grabowski, A. Graczyk-Duda, A. Gromow, A. Grudewicz, J. Gruszecka, A. Gruszka, J. Gryboś, J. Grzebyk, A. Grzechowiak, D. Grzesiak, T. Grześkowiak, A. Guźla, G. Hachuła, B. Hawel, H. Hiltawska, E. Honkowicz, J. Ignatowicz, K. Imielski, A. Iwaniura, A. Jagieła-Szymala, M. Jalć-Sowała, A. Janczylik, E. Janisz, M. Janiszek, K. Jankiewicz-Ziobro, K. Januszewska, A. Jaremek, A. Jaros-Urbaniak, J. Jarosz, P. Jarosz, W. Jasiński, M. Jezierska-Wasilewska, T. Jędraszewski, A. Jędrzejowska, R. Józefowicz, K. Juźwin, E. Kacprzak, J. Kaczmarek-Szewczyk, M. Kaczmarzyk, R. Kandziora, C. Kaniewski, L. Karolak-Brandt, S. Kasperczyk, E. Kasperek-Dyląg, I. Kedziora, A. Kępa, J. Kiciński, J. Kielak-Al-Hosam, Ł. Kiełczawa, P. Kilimowicz, K. Kitliński, T. Kiwka, U. Klein, L. Klichowicz, A. Klimowicz, B. Klonowski, B. Kmolek, E. Kobyłko-Klepacka, A. Kocoń, A. Kolenda, E. Kollek, M. Kopeć, B. Koper-Kozikowska, J. Koralewska, M. Korczyńska, M. T. Korzeniewski, A. Kosk, K. Kotarski, E. Kowalczyk, M. Kowalczyk, I. Kowalik, B. Kozak-Błażkiewicz, M. Kozik, D. Kozłowska, E. Kozłowska, M. Kozłowska, T. Kozubski, K. Kózka, L. Kraśnik, T. Krężel, B. Krochmal, B. Król, G. Król, J. Król, T. Królikowska, H. Kruszewska, B. Krygier-Potrykus, W. Krystek, J. Krzysztoń, T. Kubicki, A. Kuczmierczyk-El-Hassan, W. Kuczyńska-Witek, D. Kujda, A. Kurowski, I. Kurzelewska-Solarz, M. Kwaczyńska, M. Kwaśniak, P. Kwaśniak, T. Kwietniewska, A. Łebek-Ordon, A. Lebiedowicz, L. Lejkowska-Olszewska, M. Lentas, A. Lesiewicz-Ksycińska, M. Limanowski, S. Łoniewski, J. A. Łopata, B. Łubianka, I. Łukasiuk, M. Łużna, M. Łysiak, B. Łysik, Z. Machowski, J. Maciaczyk-Kubiak, G. Mackiewicz-Zabochnicka, Z. Magner-Krężel, S. Majda, P. Malinowski, J. Mantyka, E. Marchlik, G. Martyna-Ordyniec, J. Marzec, M. Marzec, R. Matejko-Wałkiewicz, M. Mazur, M. Michalczak, A. Michalska-Żyłka, M. Michniewicz, D. Mika-Staniszewska, E. Mikiciuk, T. Mikołajczak, J. Milewski, E. Miller, B. Misiaszek, M. Mizik-Łukowska, E. Młyńczyk-Pokutycka, M. Mocek, M. Moczała, M. Morawska-Hermanowicz, P. Moryc, A. Moskal, S. Moskal, A. Moździerz, P. Moździerz, M. Mrozińska, K. Mrozowicz, G. Mróz, T. Munia, A. Mura, M. Muras-Skudlarska, E. Z. Murawska, Ł. Murawski, R. Murawski, R. Musielak, K. Nadaj, W. Nagarnowicz, R. Napierała, M. Niedźwiecka, A. Niemirski, J. Nikiel, M. Nosal, W. Nowacki, J. Nowak, M. Nyrka, A. Obst, J. Ochowicz, E. Ogonowska, M. Oleszczyk, A. Ołdakowski, I. Ołowniuk-Stefaniak, J. Ordowska-Rejman, M. Orliński, B. Osińska, A. Ostańska-Burian, A. Paciorkowska, U. Paczkowska, L. Paluch, L. Pałka, J. Paszko-Wojtkowska, A. Paszkowska, E. Pawlak-Ganczarska, W. Pawlik, I. Pawłowska, M. Paździora, G. Permiakow, A. Petlic-Marendziak, T. Piasecka, E. Piaścińska, A. Piktel, A. Pilarska-Igielska, A. Piotrkowska, K. Piwowar-Klag, M. Planer, J. Plewa, P. Płatkiewicz, B. Płonczyńska, A. Podgórska, M. Polewska, B. Porębska, P. Porwoł, I. Potakowska, A. Prokop, J. Przybylski, M. Przybyła, H. Psiuk, K. Ptak, G. Puzoń, N. Rabiza, S. Rachwalik, E. Raczyńska, M. Raniszewska, A. Romanek-Kozik, A. Rosa, K. Rosa, A. Rozewicz, J. Rudzka-Kałwak, J. Rusak, D. Rutkowska, M. Rybacki, D. Rybińska, A. Rycyk-Sadowska, L. Rynda, B. Rynkiewicz, B. Sadowska-Krawczyk, M. Sadowska-Zarzycka, B. Sarnecka, E. Sawalach-Tomanik, B. Sidor-Drozd, M. Siemieniak-Dębska, A. Sieroń, B. Siewniak-Zalewska, A. Sikora, B. Sitarska-Pawlina, J. Skorupski, I. Skrzypińska-Mansfeld, J. Skubisz, R. Skwarek, M. Słodyczka, M. Smentek, K. Smolińska, B. Solarz, W. Sosnowska, B. Sroka, H. Stachura, D. Stangreciak, M. Staniak, Z. Stańczyk, D. Stańszczak-Ozga, E. Startek, M. Stefańczyk, R. Stelmach, E. Sternadel-Rączka, M. Sternik, J. Stępień, J. Stocka, M. Stokowska-Wojda, M. Studler-Karpińska, W. Suchorukow, W. Sufryd, B. Supłacz, J. Sygacz, Ł. Szczepański, J. Szkandera, J. Szłapa-Zellner, D. Szydlarska, T. Śliwa, J. Śliwka, Ł. Śmiejkowski, A. Targońska, E. Tesarska, M. Tobiasz, J. Tomaka, K. Tomalska-Bywalec, E. Tomiak, S. Topczewski, A. Trawińska, L. Trela-Mucha, D. Trojanowski, M. Trzaskowska, B. Trzcińska-Larska, A. Trznadel-Mozul, K. Ulanicka-Liwoch, M. Urbanowicz, A. Uthke-Kluzek, J. Waczyński, J. Walczak, L. Warsz, M. Wasyńczuk, U. Wąchała-Jędras, D. Wąsowicz, J. Wczysła, F. Wenda, E. Werner-Kubicka, E. Weryszko, B. Węgrzynowska, M. Wiaksa, M. Wiankowski, A. Wicherek, R. Wieczorek, R. Wiencek, G. Wienzek-Tatara, B. Wierzbicka, M. Wierzbicki, B. Wilczyńska, D. Wilmańska, P. Winiarski, A. Wiszniewska-Pabiszczak, M. B. Witkowska, J. Witzling, A. Wlaź, I. Wojtkowiak, J. Woydyłło, K. Woźniak, A. Wójtowicz, J. Wrona, M. Wrońska, H. Wujkowska, J. Wyrąbek, O. Wysokiński, R. Zakrzewski, J. Zaleska-Zatkalik, J. Zaleski, M. Zalewska-Dybciak, E. Zalewska, B. Zalewska-Uchimiak, J. Zawadzka-Krajewska, J. Zawadzki, A. Zieliński, E. Zubrycka, I. Żybort, and M. Żymełka

Subjects
Pharmacology, RM, Medicine (General), R5-920, Biochemistry (medical), oxidative stress, biomarkers, Molecular Medicine, free radicals, R1, Antibodies, Original Research
Abstract

Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH ( P = .038) and 11% lower concentration of UA ( P = .005). TOS was 20% lower ( P = .014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher ( P = .037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes.

Published
2022
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2. The influence of selected factors on wool cortisol concentration in alpacas (Vicugna pacos).

Author

Kapustka J, Budzyńska M, Staniszewska P, Strachecka A, Staniszewski A, and Wojtaś J

Subjects
Animals, Female, Male, Hydrocortisone analysis, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Wool chemistry, Camelids, New World
Abstract

Several internal and external factors can influence animals' hormonal activity. Cortisol level in hair and wool determines chronic stress, which is connected with the long-term HPA axis effect. Wool cortisol levels in alpacas have never been determined to this time. The study aimed to assess the influence of selected factors on wool cortisol concentration in alpacas. The study included 36 alpacas. Wool samples were collected during shearing in June 2021, cut with an electric clipper from the right shoulder and the rump. Wool samples were fragmented into proximal (winter-spring regrowth) and distal (summer-fall regrowth) segments. Alpacas' Heat Stress Index (HSI) for the summer of 2020 was 139.4, and 116 for the winter of 2021. The cortisol levels in the wool samples were determined with the General Cortisol ELISA Kit assay. The most significant differences in wool cortisol concentrations were caused by two factors: the wool segment (P < 0.001; η2 = 0.889) and the region on the body (P < 0.001; η2 = 0.876). Wool cortisol level was higher in the distal segment (referring to the summer-fall season) than in the proximal one (referring to the winter-spring season). It is suggested that alpacas can feel heat stress in summer (HSI = 139.4), which could influence higher cortisol levels in the distal segment. The wool cortisol level was higher in the rump samples than the shoulder ones. Therefore, it is essential in future studies that wool samples from all tested animals should be completed from the same body region. Differences among age and sex groups were also observed. Wool cortisol level was higher in older animals, as differences between age groups were observed in samples from the rump in the distal and proximal segments (distal, the rump younger*older: P < 0.001; η 2  = 0.321; proximal, the rump older*younger: P = 0.007; η 2  = 0.195). Males showed higher cortisol levels than females, as a difference between sexes was observed in samples from the rump in the proximal segment (P = 0.001, η 2  = 0.271). This study emphasizes that various factors may significantly influence wool cortisol levels, which can be helpful in alpacas' welfare estimation using this hormonal indicator as a noninvasive long-term stress assessment method., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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3. Reproductive Losses and Their Causes in Alpacas-A Survey-Based Study.

Author

Kapustka J and Budzyńska M

Abstract

The profitability of alpaca breeding depends on satisfactory reproductive results. The study aimed to analyze the frequency and causes of reproduction-related problems in alpacas, in particular miscarriages, stillbirths, preterm births, twin pregnancies, and falls of crias within 12 months after birth. This analysis was carried out with the use of questionnaires completed voluntarily by 109 alpaca owners in three regions (British Isles, Continental Europe, and North America). Cases of miscarriage and stillbirths were reported from 44% and 36% of the farms, respectively. In half of the farms, the cases of falls of crias and young alpacas within 12 months after birth were reported. Preterm births were reported from almost half of the farms. A large number of alpaca owners did not identify the cause of fetal death. An important element increasing the cria survival rate of is the birth weight (the higher cria birth weight, the lower risk of perinatal complications and less necessity of bottle feeding). Crias from dams receiving mineral supplements had higher birth weight. This study indicated a relationship between fetal death and the occurrence of infectious diseases and scabies infestation in the herd. They may be potential causes of reproduction-related problems that are not discerned in time., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2022
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