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Background: Mental health issues are common among college students, and structured services have been proven to enhance outcomes. Despite increased enrolment for higher education in India, college mental health services remain sparse. JEEVANI is the first structured state-wide college mental health service in India. This paper describes its framework and provides an overview of its functioning during the initial five months. Methods: In 2019–2020, the Directorate of Collegiate Education, Government of Kerala, implemented the program in 66 colleges catering to approximately 60,000 students. Qualified counsellors were trained to identify issues and provide interventions and early referrals, using a stepped-care approach. They conducted awareness programs to promote mental health and reduce stigma. Results: The services were accessed by 2,315 students during the assessment period (October 2019 to February 2020). The beneficiaries were predominantly females (54.1%). Over a third (38.8%) belonged to the lower socio-economic strata, and 2.5% had significant vulnerabilities. Although no syndromal diagnoses were made, anxiety and depression were the most common presentations. The counsellors provided 3,758 individual sessions and facilitated support for students who reported academic difficulties or interpersonal issues. Severe mental illness was detected in 54 students, and referrals for specialist mental health input were initiated in 68. Conclusion: Describing the framework, sharing the technical material, and providing an overview of its functioning from a resource-constrained setting in India may encourage higher education institutions in low- and middle-income countries to consider similar projects.

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) found to have impairments in cognitive functions such as attention, concentration, motor coordination and working memory. Current study aims to assess the effectiveness of the concentration and coordination exercise tool (CCET) in improving cognitive functions in children with ADHD. A quantitative research study was advanced with the help of pre-test post-test experimental research design. Participants of the current study were 15 children within the age range of 7-12 years. A pre-test was conducted to assess the cognitive functions such as, concentration, motor coordination and working memory. Then the participants were undergone 8 weeks of exercise using CCET. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS. From the findings, it can be concluded that training using CCET significantly improves the motor dexterity, verbal working memory, attention and concentration in children with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health issues are common among college students, and structured services have been proven to enhance outcomes. Despite increased enrolment for higher education in India, college mental health services remain sparse. JEEVANI is the first structured state-wide college mental health service in India. This paper describes its framework and provides an overview of its functioning during the initial five months. Methods: In 2019–2020, the Directorate of Collegiate Education, Government of Kerala, implemented the program in 66 colleges catering to approximately 60,000 students. Qualified counsellors were trained to identify issues and provide interventions and early referrals, using a stepped-care approach. They conducted awareness programs to promote mental health and reduce stigma. Results: The services were accessed by 2,315 students during the assessment period (October 2019 to February 2020). The beneficiaries were predominantly females (54.1%). Over a third (38.8%) belonged to the lower socio-economic strata, and 2.5% had significant vulnerabilities. Although no syndromal diagnoses were made, anxiety and depression were the most common presentations. The counsellors provided 3,758 individual sessions and facilitated support for students who reported academic difficulties or interpersonal issues. Severe mental illness was detected in 54 students, and referrals for specialist mental health input were initiated in 68. Conclusion: Describing the framework, sharing the technical material, and providing an overview of its functioning from a resource-constrained setting in India may encourage higher education institutions in low- and middle-income countries to consider similar projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thyroid gland and it's function are both affected physiologically by pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thyroid gland expands by 10% in iodine-sufficient women and to a higher extent in iodine-deficient women. Anemia is a worldwide health problem affecting 33% of non-pregnant women and 38% of pregnant women. According to Western literature, the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy is roughly 2.5 percent. In India, there are few reports of prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy, with prevalence rates ranging from 4.8 percent to 11 percent. Hypothyroidism was shown to be prevalent in 13.13 percent of pregnant women in Dhanwal et al study, with the majority of these hypothyroid pregnant women having subclinical hypothyroidism. There were only few studies in India regarding this, hence this study was carried out with objectives of 1) To assess the prevalence of thyroid diseases in pregnancy 2) To evaluate association between iron deficiency and thyroid disorders in early pregnancy., Material: This was across sectional study conductedbetween Jan 2017 to June 2019 at JSS Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Mysuru.500 consecutive pregnant women aged 18-45 years in first trimester of pregnancy were recruited.Under all aseptic precautions, venous blood of about 5ml was drawn and sent for analysis of Hb, TSH, T3, T4, Anti TPO antibody and Serum Ferritin which were measured by chemiluminiscence method for all pregnant women. TSH value>2.5 but less than or equal to 10 with normal T4 were considered to have subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH value>10 irrespective of T4 values and TSH value >2.5 with low T4 values were considered to have overt Hypothyroidism(American Thyroid Association and National Guidelines)., Observation: Out of 500 women, 9 were excluded because of pre analytical error, hence there were 491 pregnant women in the study. Among 491 pregnant women,156(31.77%) were hypothyroid and 7(1.42%) had thyrotoxicosis. Among 156 Hypothyroid women, 9(5.76%) had overt hypothyroidism and 147(94.23%) had subclinical hypothyroidism. Predominant symptom in Hypothyroid women was fatigue(35.6%) followed by hair loss(31.7%), cold intolerance(16.9%),dry skin(6.72%), constipation(2.65%), weight gain(2.24%) and poor memory(2.04%).Goitre was present in 10(6.41%) women. Among 491 pregnant women, 211(42.9%) had iron deficiency and 280(57%) had normal ferritin.Among 156 hypothyroid women,60 (38.46%) had low ferritin and 96(61.53%) had normal ferritin. Chi square analysis did not show any significant association between iron deficiency and hypothyroidism(p value of 0.168)., Conclusion: The prevalence of hypothyroidism was very high in our setting compared to that seen in other published reports that is 31% of pregnant women. There was no association found between hypothyroidism and iron deficiency in this study., (© Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the strain developed in D2 and D3 types of bones on vertical loading by platform switch implants of different diameters., Materials and Methods: Implants of diameters 3.25 mm, 4.2 mm, and 5.0 mm and of length 11.5 mm were taken and placed each on D2 and D3 bone models. Strain gauges were attached on the buccal and the lingual sides on each of these samples, and a vertical load of 190N was placed on the samples. The strain was recorded using a data logger. The data obtained was analysed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test., Results: In D2 and D3 bone models, 3.25 mm significantly showed greater bone strain values. The buccal side strain was higher irrespective of the implant diameter and density of bone., Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it may be concluded that the narrow diameter implant produces greater strain than 4.2 and 5.0 mm diameter implants, respectively. The buccal side consistently produced higher bone strain values., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Sandipan Mukherjee et al.)