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Key Clinical Message HHV8‐ and EBV‐negative primary effusion lymphoma is an extremely rare neoplasm involving body cavities without detectable tumor mass. It usually presents in elderly patients without known immunodeficiency. Compared to primary effusion lymphoma, it has a better prognosis. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare non‐Hodgkin lymphoma confined exclusively to body cavities without detectable tumor masses. The term PEL‐like is an entity similar to PEL in clinical presentation but without relation to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). We report a case of HHV8‐ and EBV‐negative primary effusion‐based lymphoma.

Background: The modern-day therapeutic landscape for follicular lymphoma (FL) includes a number of highly effective therapies. Patients and methods: We set out to determine progression-free survival (PFS) after front line, second line, and third line of therapy on the basis of relevant biological characteristics and therapeutic choices. Patients (n = 743, 51% females, median 60 years old) diagnosed with grade 1–2 FL between 1997 and 2016 in nine institutions were included. Results: The median PFS1, PFS2, and PFS3 were 8.1 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7–9.3 years), 4.2 years (95% CI: 2.8–5.6 years) and 2.2 years (95% CI 1.7–2.8 years). We found longer PFS1 for (1) females, (2) younger age, (3) lower-risk follicular lymphoma international prognostic index (FLIPI), (4) standard intensity (over low intensity) regimens and (5) immunochemotherapy strategies and (6) maintenance rituximab. We found a shorter PFS2 for patients who received front-line immunochemotherapy. Older age at diagnosis correlated with a shorter PFS3. Intensity of front-line chemotherapy, maintenance, or POD24 status did not correlate with PFS2 or PFS3 in this dataset. Interpretation: With current immunochemotherapy strategies, the natural course of FL is characterized by shorter-lasting remissions after each relapse. It will be interesting to see whether new therapies can alter this pattern.

Aim The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical impact of fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT) followed by a new biopsy from the site with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in case of high maximal SUV values, in detecting clinically unsuspected histologic transformations (HT) of follicular lymphoma (FL). Methods This retrospective study included all the patients who had undergone FDG‐PET/CT during primary diagnosis or relapse of FL between 2010 and 2020 at Oulu University Hospital. Results The diagnosis changed from an indolent disease to a transformed lymphoma in >10% (7/63) of the patients who underwent diagnostic FDG‐PET/CT. The HT risk associated with high SUVmax (>10) was 24% (7 of 29 performed biopsies). Four out of these seven patients with verified HT had no previous clinical suspicion of transformation. Conclusion Our results suggest that a rebiopsy based on a high SUVmax in diagnostic FDG‐PET/CT is valuable in detecting clinically unsuspected HT of FL.

Plastic pollution is a global problem. Animals and humans can ingest and inhale plastic particles, with uncertain health consequences. Nanoplastics (NPs) are particles ranging from 1 nm to 1000 nm that result from the erosion or breakage of larger plastic debris, and can be highly polydisperse in physical properties and heterogeneous in composition. Potential effects of NPs exposure may be associated with alterations in the xenobiotic metabolism, nutrients absorption, energy metabolism, cytotoxicity, and behavior. In humans, no data on NPs absorptions has been reported previously. Given that their detection relies significantly on environmental exposure, we have prospectively studied the presence of NPs in human peripheral blood (PB). Specifically, we have used fluorescence techniques and nanocytometry, together with the staining of the lipophilic dye Nile Red (NR), to demonstrate that NPs can be accurately detected using flow cytometry. • Potential effects of nanoplastics exposure. • Fluorescence techniques and nanocytometry. • Accurate detection using flow cytometry.