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It has been studied that both two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 and V2O5, which are classified as transition metal dichalcogenides and transition metal oxides, are good photocatalyst materials. For this purpose, the hydrothermal method was practiced to synthesize V2O5(1−x)MoS2(x) (X = 1–5% w/w) nanocomposites with different 1–5% w/w weight percent of MoS2 as a prominent photocatalyst under laser irradiation for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min to tune photocatalytic degradation of industrial wastage water. The surface of the 2D molybdenum nanolayered matrix was efficaciously decorated with V2O5 nanoparticles. The crystal phase and layered structures of the V2O5(1−x)MoS2(x) (X = 1–5% w/w) nanocomposites samples were verified by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively. In the range of the UV visible spectrum, the increment in light absorption from 3.6 to 14.5 Ω−1 cm−1 with an increase of active surface from 108 to 169 μm2{{\rm{\mu }}{\rm{m}}}^{2} with increased MoS2 doping percentage. Furthermore, dielectric findings like the complex dielectric function, tangent loss, electrical conductivity, quality factors, and impedance of V2O5(1−x)MoS2(x) (X = 1–5% w/w) nanocomposites are studied. According to photoluminescence studies, the intensity of peaks decreases when laser irradiation time and doping percentages of MoS2 are increased. As a result, a small peak indicates a decrement rate of electron–hole pair recombination, which increases the capacity for separation. Thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis results revealed that weight loss decreased from 0.69 to 0.35 mg and thermal stability increased with increased doping concentrations. Methylene blue was degraded in 150 min, proving that the prepared MoS2-doped V2O5 material was a stable and economically low-cost nanocomposite for photocatalytic activity.

This study focuses on zinc-boro-soda-lime-silica (ZnO − B2O3 − SLS) glasses produced through fast-cooling melt-quenching. The influence of Eu3+ ions on glass properties is explored. As Eu3+ concentration rises, bulk density and molar volume increase from 3.423 to 3.484 g/cm3 and 21.760 to 23.768 cm3/mol, respectively. X-ray diffraction indicates amorphous phase dominance supported by glassy surface morphology. Ultrasonic measurements show the increasing and decreasing trend for ultrasonic velocities and elastic moduli with increasing Eu3+ concentration. Poisson's ratio of the samples signifies their low cross-link density behavior. Moreover, the ZBS-3Eu presents the highest microhardness value of 4.776 GPa. The sample's fractal bond connectivity varies from 1.814 to 2.051, suggesting a 2D structure. Likewise, the ZBS-3Eu glass sample exhibits the most rigidity attributed to its highest fg value of 0.075. These findings suggest that ZBS-3Eu has the potential for applications requiring high-strength glass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eu3+ incorporated zinc-borosilicate glass was synthesized using melt-quenching method. XRD and FTIR verified the amorphous nature of the samples. The absorption spectra indicate the Eu3+ ions in the UV-visible region at ∼394 nm. The direct and indirect band gap decrease from 5.152 eV to 5.082 eV and 4.133 eV to 3.837 eV, respectively. Meanwhile, the refractive index decrease from 2.145 to 2.202, while the Urbach energy ranges from 0.682 eV to 0.733 eV. All the samples have a good transmission percentage at 70–75%. Under the excitation of 400 nm, the intensity of the PL spectra increased when the Eu3+ dopant increased. The optimum content for Eu3+ incorporated ZnO–B2O3–GB glass is 3 wt.% among the other Eu3+ content (0, 1, and 2 wt.%) in this work. The reddish-orange emission at 612 nm (5D0 → 7F2) indicates the most intense emission and the CIE chromaticity coordinates imply in the reddish-orange region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) ionising radiation may raise the risk of deterministic consequences and cancer development to the patient. Objective of this study is to determine the updated local DRL of adult CT abdominal examinations using a noise index to indicate the image quality. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 200 adult patients who underwent CT abdominal examinations between January 2021 and December 2022 and categorised into three body mass index (BMI) groups; group 1, underweight (<18.5), group 2, overweight (=25.0) and group 3, obese (=30.0) and statistically compared the radiation dose exposure. The noise magnitude was quantitatively calculated by measuring the standard deviation of the circular region of interest (ROI) at five different locations around the abdominal area. The volume-weighted CT dose index (CTDIvol), the doselength product (DLP), and the effective dose (E) were computed for each BMI group, and DRLs were established with a 50th percentile set. Results: The highest radiation dose for CTDIvol, DLP and E was in group 3 (obese) with mean 15.44 ± 5.43, 769.78 ± 253.25 and 15.37 ± 4.74 respectively. Both DRL and noise reference levels between BMI groups have differed significantly with p-value < 0.05 and <0.70. Conclusion: Patients with varying BMIs had significantly variable radiation doses and noise intensities, necessitating the adjustment of some parameters to satisfy the clinical requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]