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Raziskava je potekala v treh pragozdnih rezervatih Šumik, Pečka in Rajhenavski Rog. V vsakega od pragozdov smo postavili 20 objektov, vsak objekt pa je bil sestavljen iz semenske pasti, iz kletke proti objedanju divjadi in kontrolne ploskve. Ugotovili smo, da je v rezervatu Šumik v kletkah preživelo 10 % več osebkov kakor izven nje. Preživetje jelke je bilo za 30 % boljše v kletkah kakor na kontrolnih ploskvah. V Pečki smo našteli največjo gostoto bukovih klic. V kletkah proti objedanju je preživelo 13 % vsega spremljanega mladja v času študije, kar je za 4 % manj kakor na kontrolnih ploskvah. Tudi preživetje jelke je bilo za 5 % slabše v kletkah kakor na kontrolnih ploskvah, kjer je preživelo 40 % vseh spremljanih jelk. V pragozdu Rajhenavski Rog smo našteli največ javorovega in jelovega semena. V kletkah proti objedanju je preživelo za 16 % vsega mladja oz. klic kar je za 6 % več kot na kontrolni ploskvi. Delež jelke, ki je preživela, je bil višji v kletkah in sicer za 8 %. Ugotovljena je bila negativna povezava med preživetjem v kletkah kakor izven njih. Ugotovili smo, da imajo na pomlajevanje in preživetje klic močen negativen vpliv manjši plenilci listja kot so polži in suša. The study examined seed production and seedling survival in three virgin forest reserves - Šumik, Pečka and Rajhenavski Rog. In each of the primeval forests 20 objects were placed, each object consisting of a seed trap, a deer exclosure plot, and a control plot. In Šumik, we found that 10% more individuals survived in the cages than in control plots, and there was 30% higher survival of fir in the cages than in the control plots. In Pečka, we found the highest density of beech one year old seedlings. In the deer exclosure plots, 13% of all monitored seedlings survived until the end of the study, which is 4% less than in the control plots. Survival of fir trees was also 5% lower in the cages than in the control plots, where 40% of all monitored fir trees survived. In Rajhenavski Rog, we counted the most maple and fir seeds. In the deer exclosures, 16% of all one year old seedlings survived, which was 6% more than in the control plot. The percentage of fir survivors was 8% higher in the cages. Over all reserves, there was higher survival in the exclosures compared to control plots, except Pečka. We found that mortality agents, such as snails and drought, had a strong negative effect on regeneration survival.

Planinski smrekov gozd v dolini Lopučnice se nahaja v Triglavskem narodnem parku in je del gozdnega rezervata Savica-Ukanc. Po leta 1883 opuščenemu gospodarjenju je prepuščen naravnemu razvoju. V dolini Lopučnice smo po 39 letih od prve meritve (Cvenkel in Mlinšek, 1983) in 24 letih od druge meritve (Poljanec, 1998) ponovili meritve na trajni raziskovalni ploskvi, ki jo je Cvenkel leta 1983 postavil kot del raziskav gozdnih rezervatov v Sloveniji. Namen naloge je bil predstaviti spremembe v zgradbi in razvoju planinskega smrekovega gozda v obdobju 1983–2022. Raziskovali smo spreminjanje velikosti vrasti in smrtnosti v obdobjih 1983–1998 in 1998–2022. Drevesna sestava je v proučevanem obdobju ostala nespremenjena. Osnovni kazalci sestoja za leto 2022 so imeli naslednje vrednosti: N = 388 dreves/ha, G = 57,60 m2/ha, V = 675 m3/ha. Skupna letna smrtnost se je v obdobju med letoma 1983 in 1998 iz 1,3 %/leto povišala na 1,5 %/leto za obdobje med letoma 1998 in 2022. Letne stopnje smrtnosti za obe opazovani obdobji so imele podoben vzorec, pri čemer so bile najvišje vrednosti v prvem debelinskem razredu. Skupna letna vrast 0,06 %/leto v obdobju med letoma 1983–2022 se je znižala na 0,04 %/leto v obdobju med letoma 1998–2022. Stopnja preraščanja med debelinskimi razredi za oba proučevana obdobja je bila najvišja v četrtem debelinskem razredu, najmanjša pa v prvem debelinskem razredu. V opazovanem obdobju (1983–2022) je prišlo do upada števila dreves, neznačilnih sprememb vrednosti temeljnice in manjše spremembe v lesni zalogi. Ta vzorec potrjuje, da se gozd še vedno nahaja v optimalni fazi, vendar je primerjava porazdelitve dreves po debelinskih razredih pokazala na postopno staranje sestoja. The mountain spruce forest in the Lopučnica valley is located in Triglav National Park and is part of the Savica-Ukanc forest reserve. After abandoning managment since 1883, it has been left to natural development. After 39 years since the first measurement (Cvenkel and Mlinšek, 1983) and 24 years since the second measurement (Poljanec, 1998) we repeated the measurements on a permanent research plot in the Lopučnica valley, which was established by Cvenkel in 1983 as part of research on forest reserves in Slovenia. The purpose of the thesis is to present the changes in the structure and development of the mountain spruce forest in the period 1983-2022. We quantified mortality and recruitment rates in two periods: 1983–1998 and 1998–2022. The tree composition remained unchanged during the observed period. The basic stand indicators for 2022 had the following values: N = 388 trees/ha, G = 57.60 m2/ha, V = 675 m3/ha. The annual mortality rate increased from 1,3 % in 1983–1998 to 1,5 % in 1998–2022. The annual mortality rates for both observed periods had a similar pattern, with the highest values in the smaller diameter classes. The annual recruitment rate decreased from 0,06 % in 1983–1998 to 0,04 % in 1998–2022. Annual recruitment rates for both studied periods were highest in the larger diameter classes, and the lowest in the smaller diameter classes. During the observed period (1983–2022), there was a decline in the number of trees, uncharacteristic changes in the basal area and smaller changes in tree volume. This pattern confirms that the forest is still in an optimal phase, but a comparison of the diameter classes revealed a gradual aging of the stand.