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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming for a 95% reduction in TB deaths by 2030. Disparities in TB detection persist, particularly regarding gender, immigration status, and resistance patterns. In Calabria, Italy-a key entry point for migrants from high-TB-incidence regions-TB poses a notable public health risk. This multicenter, retrospective study examines newly diagnosed TB cases in Calabria from 2012 to 2023, focusing on rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB). During this period, 800 TB cases were diagnosed, with 270 (33.7 %) in native-born Italians and 530 (66.2 %) in foreign-born individuals, showing significant differences in age (p < 0.001) and gender (p = 0.013). Among 685 patients of this cohort with available HIV status, 24 (3.5 %) were people living with HIV (PLWH), primarily from Africa, and diagnosed at higher rates of RR-TB (p < 0.001). TB cases varied by province, correlating with specific birthplaces. A total of 27 (3.4 %) RR-TB cases were identified, with heightened resistance to multiple drugs. Among these strains, 20 (74.1 %) were isoniazid-resistant (MDR-TB). This study underscores the need for comprehensive TB control strategies, especially regarding co-infection with HIV and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, emphasizing the importance of early detection and tailored management in Southern Italy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

The growing need for data privacy and security in machine learning has led to exploring novel approaches like federated learning (FL) that allow collaborative training on distributed datasets, offering a decentralized alternative to traditional data collection methods. A prime benefit of FL is its emphasis on privacy, enabling data to stay on local devices by moving models instead of data. Despite its pioneering nature, FL faces issues such as diversity in data types, model complexity, privacy concerns, and the need for efficient resource distribution. This paper illustrates an empirical analysis of these challenges within specially designed scenarios, each aimed at studying a specific problem. In particular, differently from existing literature, we isolate the issues that can arise in an FL framework to observe their nature without the interference of external factors., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Lipids play an essential role in skin barrier health. With age, there is a natural reduction of physiological lipids such as fatty acids, ceramides, and cholesterol. The triple lipid restore cream is a moisturizer that contains an optimized lipid ratio for aging skin. The cream contains a 2:4:2 ratio of ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids that have been shown to best support aging skin. The triple lipid restore cream has been used in combination with energy-based procedures, to provide patients with comprehensive integrated skincare regimens. With limited clinical data and guidelines available in regenerative medicine, real-world cases serve as an invaluable guide for patients and dermatologists in navigating rejuvenation treatment plans. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23:9(Suppl 1):s3-14.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of tuberculosis. We report the development of fatal TBM in a 2-year-old previously healthy child, suggesting that TBM must be evaluated in children of all ages with non-specific symptoms of central nervous involvement because a diagnostic delay induces a negative prognosis.