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4 results on '"Olivia Weaver"'

1. Measures of stimulant medications: A population-based study in Alberta, Canada

Author

Cerina Dubois, Ming Ye, Olivia Weaver, Salim Samanani, Ed Jess, Fizza Gilani, and Dean T. Eurich

Subjects
Stimulant, Opioid, Alberta, Population, Epidemiology, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

Objectives: Stimulants are a class of drugs approved for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. However, they are also often used “off-label” as adjunct therapies for the treatment of obesity and depression. The objective of this study is to summarize how stimulant use is globally measured in the literature and to explore rates of stimulant use in Alberta, Canada. Methods: A traditional narrative literature review was conducted to summarize global methods of stimulant assessment. Then using definitions guided by the literature and current regulatory bodies in Alberta, we conducted a series of descriptive analyses to assess how frequent stimulant use was in Alberta patients from 2019 to 2021: 1) number of dispenses by year; 2) average days of drug supply; 3) proportion of days covered (PDC); and 4) defined daily dose (DDDs). Results: In the literature review, the most frequently used measures of stimulant drug use were trends over time (prevalence), types of drug use, and dispensations of prescriptions. In all, there is a global trend of increased use of stimulants among both adults and children. In Alberta, 173,789 patients were prescribed stimulant medication in 2019–2021, representing approximately 4 % of the entire Alberta population. Overall, 61.1 % were between the ages of 10–34 and 46.8 % were female. The number of dispensations rose from 713,896 in 2019 to 973,930 in 2021 – with up to 43 % being lisdexamfetamine stimulant dispenses. Conclusions: Although stimulant use in AB was measured using similar trend estimates as the literature, there is a lack of research to support whether these measures are accurate and effective at the population-level. Future steps to standardize both medical and nonmedical use of prescription stimulants are warranted in efforts to fully quantify both benefits and risks associated with stimulant use.

Published
2024
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2. Dual Enrollment and College and Career Readiness: An Investigation of One School System

Author

Olivia Weaver Pearson

Abstract

Too few students are graduating from high school college and career-ready. For this dissertation, a qualitative design that included a data analysis was implemented to review a dual enrollment program and the impact of implementing various change ideas to increase enrollment of students in the program. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 was a quantitative review of dual enrollment eligibility and registration data of all comprehensive high schools in the studied district over four years. Phase 2 was a focus group comprised of school-based personnel involved with dual enrollment. The focus group provided a more in-depth understanding of school needs in support of dual enrollment. Three research questions guided the study: (1) What does data suggest about implementing change ideas designed to reduce barriers to enrollment in schools and the enrollment of eligible students in college courses? (2) What additional support of the dual enrollment program do school personnel suggest that may increase eligible student enrollment? (3) How do the school personnel's perceptions of dual enrollment impact the way they interact with and support eligible dual enrollment students? Findings from this research suggest that schools that implemented a change idea observed an overall increase in dual enrollment registration over the four-year review period. The research findings also indicate that multiple factors can influence the implementation of a dual enrollment program such as the knowledge and support of the principal and counselor, and how dual enrollment fits into each school's overall culture. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2024

3. Dual Enrollment and College and Career Readiness: An Investigation of One School System

Author

Pearson, Olivia Weaver and Pearson, Olivia Weaver

Abstract

Too few students are graduating from high school college and career-ready. For this dissertation, a qualitative design that included a data analysis was implemented to review a dual enrollment program and the impact of implementing various change ideas to increase enrollment of students in the program. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 was a quantitative review of dual enrollment eligibility and registration data of all comprehensive high schools in the studied district over four years. Phase 2 was a focus group comprised of school-based personnel involved with dual enrollment. The focus group provided a more in-depth understanding of school needs in support of dual enrollment. Three research questions guided the study: (1) What does data suggest about implementing change ideas designed to reduce barriers to enrollment in schools and the enrollment of eligible students in college courses? (2) What additional support of the dual enrollment program do school personnel suggest that may increase eligible student enrollment? (3) How do the school personnel’s perceptions of dual enrollment impact the way they interact with and support eligible dual enrollment students? Findings from this research suggest that schools that implemented a change idea observed an overall increase in dual enrollment registration over the four-year review period. The research findings also indicate that multiple factors can influence the implementation of a dual enrollment program such as the knowledge and support of the principal and counselor, and how dual enrollment fits into each school's overall culture.

Published
2024

4. Defining opioid naïve and implications for monitoring opioid use: A population-based study in Alberta, Canada

Author

Dean Eurich, Cerina Lee, Ming Ye, Olivia Weaver, Ed Jess, Fizza Gilani, and Salim Samanani

Abstract

Purpose: Reducing initial exposure of “opioid naïve” patients to opioids is a public health priority. Identifying opioid naïve patients is difficult, as numerous definitions are used. The objective is to summarize current definitions and evaluate their impact on opioid naïve measures in Alberta. Methods: Using dispense data (2017-2021) and definitions guided by a scoping review, we determined the number of “opioid naïve” patients using descriptive analyses. Three definitions were identified: 1) no opioid use within the previous 30 days/6 months/1 year, based on dispensation date; 2) definition 1, based on dispensation date plus days of supply; 3) exclusion of codeine from definitions 1 and 2. Results: Of over a dozen definitions of opioid naïve identified in the scoping review, most used an ‘opioid free’ period (commonly 30 days/6 months/1 year). Other definitions included “availability of drug” based on days of supply and/or excluded certain opioid products. Approximately 36.4% of Albertans (n=1,551,075) had an opioid dispensation in 2017-2021. The average age was 46.6±18.8 and 52.8% were female. Results were most affected by the “opioid free” period, with 97.4%, 83.2% and 65.6% being classified as opioid naïve using time windows from definition 1. Definitions 2 and 3 did not materially change the results. Conclusions: The most convenient definition for “opioid naïve” was definition 1 using a 1-year window, which aligns with the Canadian Institutes for Health Information definition. Irrespective of definition used, a large proportion of opioid users would be considered opioid naïve despite initiatives to curb opioid prescription in Alberta.

Published
2023
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