Search

In the development of adaptive reactions during weaning, biological mechanisms are involved with the complete mobilization of the functional reserve, an increase in the level of catecholamines, corticosteroids, and mediators, which is accompanied by a violation of the nitrogen balance in the body, enzymopathy, and endotoxemia—the work aimed to investigate humoral and non-specific immunity indicators in piglets after weaning. Experiments were conducted based on the Ltd “KOSHET” of the Mukachiv district of the Zakarpattia region. Two groups of piglets were formed – control and experimental in the number of 10 individuals in each group, selected according to the principle of analogs – age, breed, and body weight. Weaning piglets from sows at 28 days suppress the humoral link of natural resistance. A decrease in lysocin and bactericidal activity of blood serum was established at 40.56 ± 1.75 and 21.22 ± 1.05 %. The content of circulating immune complexes in the blood of piglets of the control group remained high after weaning. Along with a decrease in the activity of the humoral link of immunity in weaned piglets, suppression of the non-specific link of the immune system was established, manifested by a decrease in phagocytic activity and a decrease in the number of phagocytes. Feeding the feed supplement “Sylimevit” to the piglets of the research group helped to strengthen the immune status of the piglets' bodies. In piglets of the research group on the 35th day of life, when feeding the feed additive “Sylimevit”, an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 4.26 % was established. Similar differences were obtained regarding the effect of the Butaselmevit-plus feed additive on the phagocytic number and the phagocytic index, in particular, in piglets of the experimental group on the 35th day of the experiment; they were 7.63 and 11.1 % higher than in control. These research results confirm the effectiveness of using milk thistle, methifen, selenium, and vitamins as part of the feed supplement “Sylimevit” for piglets before and after weaning to activate the protective systems of their body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of research and industrial tests of the effectiveness of the use of reagents for dust binding of dusty surfaces on the example of dry surfaces of tailings storage facilities of PJSC “InGZK” and PJSC “PivnGZK”. In the course of the research under contract No. 1205 dated 30.12.2021 between the Research Institute of Mining and Ore and PJSC "PivnGZK" from January 2022 until August 2022 two series of research on the properties of 16 reagents available on the market of Ukraine, which can be used for dust binding of dusting surfaces, were conducted, and a rating of reagents was formed according to the following indicators: stability of the protective layer; dust emission intensity; strength of the protective layer (ultrasonic method); the thickness of the protective layer; surface water absorption. According to the results of laboratory studies, the binding process of finely dispersed dust particles, which actively participate in the general process of dust cloud formation in the conditions of dust formation of dry surfaces of tailings storage facilities, was substantiated, and a general rating of reagents based on the effectiveness of their use was formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We used model based functional MRI independent component analysis approach for the detection and characterization of the described networks functioning during simple motor task execution. Direct connection between the task execution and anticorrelated functional connectivity of sensory-motor and default mode networks was shown. We observed blood oxygenation level dependent signal (BOLD) frequency characteristics of the default mode network (DMN) together with the sensory motor network (SMN). The results demonstrate a reproducible specific configuration of BOLD low-frequency spectrum. Neural network BOLD spectral profile approach may be used for future analysis of its functioning and dynamics rules of brain regions connectivity. Regions of precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex were shown to deactivate just partially. Sensorimotor and default-mode networks were functionally connected in the anticorrelated manner with the prevailing frequencies of the BOLD signal oscillation ƒ1 = 0.0153 ± 0.0051 Hz and ƒ2 = 0.0204 ± 0.0051 Hz, where ƒ – frequency of BOLD oscillation. At our study we have found out, that only some separate parts of pC and PCC were deactivated during the task execution. This possibly might support the hypothesis that non deactivated regions of precuneus (pC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) remain active to regulate the transitions from the activated state to the deactivated and back while monitoring the external environment and commands. The last may support the hypothesis of the role of posterior cingulate cortex as a “hub” in default mode networks where non deactivated parts remain active for further control of others default mode networks region state switching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intestine is the primary colonisation site for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and serves as a reservoir of CRE that cause invasive infections (e.g. bloodstream infections). Broad-spectrum antibiotics disrupt colonisation resistance mediated by the gut microbiota, promoting the expansion of CRE within the intestine. Here, we show that antibiotic-induced reduction of gut microbial populations leads to an enrichment of nutrients and depletion of inhibitory metabolites, which enhances CRE growth. Antibiotics decrease the abundance of gut commensals (including Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacteroidales) in ex vivo cultures of human faecal microbiota; this is accompanied by depletion of microbial metabolites and enrichment of nutrients. We measure the nutrient utilisation abilities, nutrient preferences, and metabolite inhibition susceptibilities of several CRE strains. We find that CRE can use the nutrients (enriched after antibiotic treatment) as carbon and nitrogen sources for growth. These nutrients also increase in faeces from antibiotic-treated mice and decrease following intestinal colonisation with carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. Furthermore, certain microbial metabolites (depleted upon antibiotic treatment) inhibit CRE growth. Our results show that killing gut commensals with antibiotics facilitates CRE colonisation by enriching nutrients and depleting inhibitory microbial metabolites., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)

Objective: The aim: To evaluate an influence of physical therapy on chronic pain in children with paralytic's syndrome and to maternal emotional status on lockdown time during the COVID-19 pandemic., Patients and Methods: Materials and methods: Data from 96 children and their mothers (96 persons) were included in the study. On-site services of physical therapists before the pandemic (2018- 2019) were received by 64 children and by 32 children during quarantine measures due to COVID-19 pandemic (2020). The age of the children ranged from 1 to 6 years, the median age was 3 years and 3 months., Results: Results: We note that there were more boys with paralytic syndromes. Among the leading paralytic syndromes, the most common was spastic tetraparesis. The frequency of children with level III-V motor disorders prevailed., Conclusion: Conclusions: The authors consider that physical rehabilitation in children with paralytic syndromes reduces the incidence of moderate chronic pain and improves the emotional state of parents. But, these changes do not occur during the pandemic.