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Throughout the 1980s, a process of reassessment of the poetic work of Gilberto Owen took place in Mexico. This led to his poetry being read and discussed from the academic and intellectual field, while its influence on the work of contemporary writers became evident. Thanks to his "Rescue of Gilberto Owen" it is known that Álvaro Mutis was not unaware of this process. Consequently, given that Owen is not usually mentioned when we think of the Colombian's readings saints, we have delved into this not so well-known link to conclude that there are indications to think that Mutis may well have been fed back on the critical discourse that emerged around the Mexican's poetry. Thus, Maqroll's unexpected return in 1981 would be better understood in the light of Sindbad the Stranded's new landing in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problems of the history of socialist ideas, their origin and possible role in nowadays became the subject of scholar interest again. The problem of the social arrangement becomes more acute today than ever. Descriptions and even attempts to construct a harmonious society appeared many centuries ago. Two revolutions The Great French Revolution and the industrial revolution annihilated the ideological basis of previous times pushing forward the class structure instead of medieval system of estates. The first ones who found out the signs of order, not complete chaos, were early socialists A. Saint-Simon, S. Fourier, and R. Owen. This research is devoted to the comparison of approaches to the idea of social harmony of Saint-Simonists and Owenists. The main research method used is political-textual analysis. The conclusion of present study confirms that Saint-Simon and Owen being on the same side, followed different ways leading to harmonious state. However, their projects were united by a common radical idea - the complete reorganization of society, first - the system of classes and estates.

Robert Owen, in the first two decades of the 19th century, developed a political project of economic, social, and political regeneration that he applied with considerable success in the microcosm of his factory/village in New Lanark. Despite of the criticisms directed at him by Marx and Engels, Owen’s thought contains several reflections and proposals that have not only proved pragmatic and effective in the decades that followed, but also contain a propulsive and unifying force that could facilitate the reconstitution of those ties, if not community ties, at least social and economic ones, which the outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic shattered.

Contrasting definitions of organs based either on function or on strictly morphological criteria are the legacy of a tradition starting with Aristotle. This floating characterization of organs in terms of both form and function extends also to organ systems. The first section of this review outlines the notions of organ and body part as defined, explicitly or implicitly, in representative works of nineteenth century’s comparative morphology. The lack of a clear distinction between the two notions led to problems in Owen’s approach to the comparative method (definition of homolog vs. nature of the vertebrate archetype) and to a paradoxical formulation, by Anton Dohrn, of the principle of functional change. Starting from the second half of the twentieth century, with the extensive use of morphological data in phylogenetic analyses, both terms – organ and body part – have been often set aside, to leave room for a comparison between variously characterized attributes (character states) of the taxa to be compared. Throughout the last two centuries, there have been also efforts to characterize organs or body parts in terms of the underlying developmental dynamics, both in the context of classical descriptive embryology and according to models suggested by developmental genetics. Functionally defined organ are occasionally co-extensive with morphologically defined body parts, nevertheless a clear distinction between the former and the latter is a necessary prerequisite to a study of their evolution: this issue is discussed here on the example of the evolution of hermaphroditism and gonad structure and function.