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The NE-SW trending Jahazpur Belt in NW India has been considered correlative with the Aravalli Fold Belt, based on lithological similarities and greenschist facies metamorphic assemblages. The 2.54 Ga 'Jahazpur Granite' constitutes the basement for the overlying Hindoli and Jahazpur Group sediments in this belt. These meta sedimentary sequences presently occur as a greenschist facies ensemble of phyllite, marble, greywacke, and meta-conglomerate. In this study, the trace and Rare Earth Elements geochemistry of the Paleoproterozoic Hindoli Group metapelites and metagreywackes was evaluated for source characterization and tectonic setting. The transition metals and Th, La abundances, and Th/Sc, Zr/Sc and La/Sc ratios (1.19 and 1.5, 21.31 and 17.35 and 4.02 and 2.97, for metapelites and metagreywackes, respectively) of Hindoli Group suggest a felsic source for them and some degree of sediment maturity. Both Hindoli metapelites and metagreywackes are enriched in LREE and display significant negative Eu anomalies, further substantiating a predominant felsic component in the source region. The provenance modeling calculations indicate that the detritus was mainly sourced from Mangalwar Complex, along with some inputs from Jahazpur Granite, Bundelkhand TTG and Hindoli volcanics. Geochemical characteristics also discriminate a continental collision associated with an Active Continental Margin tectonic setting for the deposition of Hindoli sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment was conducted at Mandouri farm, Horticultural Research Station, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyala (BCKV), West Bengal, India during March, 2014 to July, 2018. The objectives of the research were to determine genetic variability, phenotypic performance and diversity for yield and 17 yield attributing traits of the 45 sponge gourd germplasm. To study the heterosis and combining ability of parental lines with half diallel analysis for earliness and yield contributing characters. PCV (phenotypic coefficient of variation) was higher than GCV (genotypic coefficient of variation) for all the traits studied. Higher PCV and GCV were recorded for traits namely number of primary branches plant-1, number of fruiting nodes on main stem, sex ratio (male/female), fruits plant-1 and fruit yield plant-1. Based on Mahalanobis' D2 statistic, the genotypes of sponge gourd were grouped into 7 different clusters. Fruit yield plant-1, weight of fruit and number of fruiting nodes on main stem had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. Among the parents, Patna Local, IC-336759 and IC-284795 showed high significant positive GCA effects as well as per se performance for yield and yield related attributes. Additive as well as non-additive gene action regulating the different traits. The traits under non additive gene action. The magnitude of standard heterosis was found in desirable direction for early and yield traits viz., days to first pistillate flower appearance in the cross IC284795×Patna Loca (-23.07%), for 50% flowering in the cross IC-284795×Patna Local (-18.89%), sex ratio in the cross IC-336759×Patna Local (-53.41%), for number of fruit vine-1 in the cross IC-284795×Patna Local (34.56%) and average fruit weight in the cross IC336759×Patna Local (110.09%). Promising germplasm Patna Local may be subjected for regional yield trail along with released variety with a view to develop new variety of sponge gourd. The superior hybrids can be exploited for hybridization programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rocks of Raialo Group in the Alwar sub-basin of North Delhi Fold Belt were investigated with a focus on meta-basic lava flows of the Tehla Formation. The basaltic rocks, now occurring as amphibolites, are medium- to fine-grained and show evidence of greenschist to lower amphibolite facies metamorphism, characterized by dominant plagioclase, hornblende, actinolite, chlorite, and minor, epidote, opaque, and Fe–Ti oxide mineral assemblage. The presence of amygdules and vesicles, well preserved primary igneous texture, and relict pyroxenes, at places, confirm their basaltic lineage. In a single outcrop, located to the northeast of Tehla village, well-preserved pillow structures have been discovered. The pillow structures vary in size (few cm to >1 m) and shape (spheroid, elongate and kidney-shaped), and inter-pillow spaces are filled up with chert, at places. This is the first report of pillow basalt occurrence from the North Delhi Fold Belt. In addition to offering evidence of submarine basaltic volcanism, the mega-pillows, gabbroic lenses, and presence of ultramafic rocks in the region suggest a possible ophiolite setting that needs a detailed petrographic and geochemical evaluation. Research highlights: First report of pillow structures from North Delhi Fold Belt. Identification of mafic- ultramafic association and possibility of an ophiolite setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the effects of damage (delamination) on the structural vibration characteristics of spar wingskin joints (SWJs) made with curved laminated composites are investigated. Three dimensional finite element analysis is employed to evaluate the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the joint structure considered. Virtual elements are implemented in the delamination region to prevent inter element penetration. The effectiveness of the finite element analysis technique used is validated with available results. Additionally, the effects of various parameters such as delamination size, curvature effect (shallowness angle), laminate stacking sequence, overlap length, and material anisotropy (modular ratio) on the free vibration responses of the curved SWJ are analyzed in details. The present delamination modeling and simulated results could serve as guidelines in designing curved laminated composite joint structures with/without delaminations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern civilization, individuals are increasingly concerned with evaluating the quality of medical services. Evaluation of the quality of medical services enables medical care providers to monitor and improve their service quality. The evaluation of medical service quality is efficiently addressed by the novel concept of Aczel–Alsina operators in an intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy (IHF) environment as multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Thus, this paper presents the IHF Aczel–Alsina weighted geometric operators for IHF information. We first apply the Aczel–Alsina norms to IHF scenarios and present novel operations of intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy sets. This article develops a unique strategy for evaluating the quality of medical services based on the specified operators, including a quantitative framework for evaluating medical service quality and a novel MCDM technique. Finally, this article presents a numerical example of the novel approach used to evaluate medical services for hospitals and compares it to conventional MCDM methods to highlight the suggested superiority method. According to the comparative results, our strategy outperforms the insufficiency of lacking decision flexibility in the existing MAGDM method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) have piqued the interest of researchers in a wide range of domains. The striking framework of the FFS is keen to provide the larger preference domain for the modeling of ambiguous information deploying the degrees of membership and nonmembership. Furthermore, FFSs prevail over the theories of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and Pythagorean fuzzy sets owing to their broader space, adjustable parameter, flexible structure, and influential design. The information measures, being a significant part of the literature, are crucial and beneficial tools that are widely applied in decision-making, data mining, medical diagnosis, and pattern recognition. This paper aims to expand the literature on FFSs by proposing many innovative Fermatean fuzzy sets-based information measures, namely, distance measure, similarity measure, entropy measure, and inclusion measure. We investigate the relationship between distance, similarity, entropy, and inclusion measures for FFSs. Another achievement of this research is to establish a systematic transformation of information measures (distance measure, similarity measure, entropy measure, and inclusion measure) for the FFSs. To accomplish this aim, new formulae for information measures of FFSs have been presented. To demonstrate the validity of the measures, we employ them in pattern recognition, building materials, and medical diagnosis. Additionally, a comparison between traditional and novel similarity measures is described in terms of counter-intuitive cases. The findings demonstrate that the innovative information measures do not include any absurd cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenol formaldehyde (phenolic resin) has a wide range of moldings. However, it has immense consumption in manufacturing electrical equipment due to its insulating property. Phenolic resin retains properties at the freezing point, and also its age cannot be determined. Due to its insulator property, it has wide use in electrical equipment. In this article, degree-based topological indices of phenol formaldehyde are determined with the help of M-polynomial. We calculate the Zagreb index, Randić index, K-Banhatti indices, modified K-Banhatti indices, atom-bond connectivity index, geometric arithmetic index, symmetric index, inverse sum index, and harmonic index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we introduced a novel scheme to attain approximate and closed-form solutions of conformable Newell-Whitehead-Segel (NWS) equations, which belong to the most consequential amplitude equations in physics. The conformable Shehu transform (CST) and the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) are combined in the proposed method. We call it the conformable Shehu decomposition method (CSDM). To assess the efficiency and consistency of the recommended method, we demonstrate 2D and 3D graphs as well as numerical simulations of the derived solutions. As a result, CSDM demonstrates that it is a useful and simple mathematical tool for getting approximate and exact analytical solutions to linear-nonlinear fractional partial differential equations (PDEs) of the given kind. The convergence and absolute error analysis of the series solutions is also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]