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Background: Self-harm is a conscious behavior in which a person damages his/her body tissues, but this behavior is not done with the intention of suicide. The present study compared cognitive fusion, risk-taking, and fathers' communication style between adolescents with and without self-harm. Methods: The population of this study included all adolescents with a history of self-harm who were referred to treatment centers in Shiraz, Iran, from April to September 2023. The research sample included 200 subjects (100 healthy people and 100 adolescents with a history of self-harm) who were selected using the convenience and purposeful sampling method. The participants completed the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ; Gillanders et al., 2014), Iranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale (IARS; Zadeh Mohammadi, Ahmadabadi, & Heidari, 2011), and Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS; Fine, Moreland, & Schwebel, 1983). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software with a two-tailed 5% level of significance. Results: The results showed a significant difference between adolescents with and without self-harm in terms of cognitive fusion (F = 41.38; P < 0.050), cognitive defusion (F = 45.09; P < 0.050), cognitive fusion (F = 29.37; P < 0.050), risk-taking (F = 47.72; P < 0.050), and communication style with their father (F = 31.86; P < 0.001). Moreover, the group of adolescents with self-harm scored higher in cognitive fusion, risk-taking, and communication style with the father. Conclusion: According to the results, adolescents with self-harm have higher cognitive fusion and risk-taking and an unfavorable communication style with their father compared to adolescents without self-harm, so these variables are crucial in clinical interventions for treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health concern in Afghanistan, with a high burden of disease in the western province of Herat. This study explored the risk factors of TB and TB's impact on the quality of life of patients in Herat. Methods: A total of 422 TB patients and 514 controls were recruited at Herat Regional Hospital and relevant TB laboratories between October 2020 and February 2021. Data was collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Multivariate General Linear Model, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that male sex (p = 0.023), chronic disease (p = 0.038), lower education levels (p < 0.001), and worse health status (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of TB infection. The study also found that TB patients had significantly lower quality of life scores in almost all components (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides important insights into the specific ways in which TB affects the wellbeing of patients in Afghanistan. The findings highlight the importance of addressing the psychological and social dimensions of TB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses a multilevel hedonic model to examine information from official sources including the population census, the land-use map, and the field survey to draw conclusions about the 32,108 Tehran residences that make up the statistical sample. These results show that other factors besides proximity to urban facilities are important in determining the value of a home in Tehran, Iran. The results show that proximity to education, culture, entertainment, tourism, administration, and social service centers has a positive effect on housing prices, while proximity to some urban amenities, such as medical centers, commercial strips, and parks, has a negative effect on housing prices. This gap can be explained in part by the externalities of these facilities, including the creation of through traffic, congestion, and reduced security levels, which discourage home buyers from getting too close to these amenities. Furthermore, the study found that the effect of proximity differs from that of service provision at the neighborhood level. For example, while the presence of a medical/health center at neighborhood level was found to be a positive determinant of house prices, its proximity had a negative effect on house prices. In fact, home buyers prefer to purchase properties in neighborhoods that offer such amenities but are less likely to purchase properties in areas adjacent to such amenities. The higher the ratio of nonresidential to residential uses, the higher the price of housing in those areas. In fact, this shows the advantage of neighborhoods with a variety of uses more than single-use neighborhoods. The data also demonstrate that the variances across neighborhoods in Tehran account for a significant amount of the housing price variation, with 11% and 48% of the total variance attributed to local and regional levels of analysis, respectively. This highlights the nested and hierarchical nature of housing price data and the use of multilevel modeling for estimating home prices in Tehran. The results presented in this work may have theoretical and practical uses for scholars, insurance firms, banks, real estate developers, and others in the field of property economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Parenting is a difficult but enjoyable process. When aligned with children's developmental process, parenting reduces problems and empowers children for better behavioral and emotional functioning. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting program (Triple P) and mindful parenting (MP) on the level of preschool children's social development. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest, control design and a 3-month follow-up. The study population included all mothers of preschool children in Shiraz in the educational year 2019-2020. The sample consisted of 45 mothers who were selected using convenience sampling and were then randomly assigned to two experimental groups, each including 15 mothers. First, the Children's Communication Checklist (CCC) (Bishop, 1998) was completed by the children's mothers. Then, the first experimental group participated in Triple P sessions (Sanders et al., 2005) and the second experimental group took part in mindful parenting sessions (Duncan, Coatsworth, Gayles, Geier, & Greenberg, 2015). The control group did not receive any treatment. Subsequently, the aforementioned questionnaire was completed again by the mothers in the three groups. The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software. Results: The results indicated that Triple P had a more positive effect on children's social development level (p < 0.05) and the components of suitable initiation (P < 0.01) and social skills (p < 0.001) than MP training. Furthermore, the effectiveness of MP training on the children's ability for suitable communication (P < 0.01) was greater than the Triple P. Conclusion: Therefore, positive parenting and MP are both good ways to promote a child's social development. Thus, positive parenting program can be used as the preferred method for mothers to increase the social development of their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected about 50% of the world's population and it is the main cause for peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and even a major cause for gastric MALT lymphoma. Methods: This study was performed in Mazandaran, Sari, situated in North of Iran. Three-hundred and twenty-eight adult patients with endoscopically approved gastric or duodenal ulcers or erosions and H. pylori infection were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive either 14 days PABT (Pantoprazole 40 mg, Amoxicillin 1 g, Bismuth 425 mg (all twice daily) and Tetracycline 500 mg four times a day) and PACM (Pantoprazole 40 mg, Amoxicillin 1g, Clarithromycin 500 mg, and Metronidazole 500 mg, all twice daily). To evaluate H. pylori eradication, fecal H. pylori antigen test was performed 8 weeks after treatment. Results: The eradication rates were 94.51% in the PABT and 91.46% in PACM group based on the intention to treat analysis. Moreover, the eradication rates were 95.58% and 92.72% according to per-protocol analysis, respectively. Also, both groups had very low rates of severe side effects. Conclusion: Regarding the ideal eradication rates achieved by both treatment groups and the low rates of severe side effects, both treatment protocols can be prescribed for H. pylori eradication in North of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nowadays, tourism has become an all-encompassing aspect as a driver of economic and social development. Creative tourism has a fundamental role in the strategic plans of tourism in Iran, by crystallizing the cultural values of the land according to the many subcultures in Iran.The change in tourism trends and the importance of meaningful experiences for tourists, attention to the effective factors of optimal utilization of existing capacities and the role of creativity in the success of tourism businesses shows the necessity of research in the field of creative tourism. Incorporating creative and innovative strategies while anticipating emerging tourism trends helps identify the most reliable paths for future development. . The main goal of creative tourism is to provide favorable experiences for tourists through active participation in courses and learning experiences. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to evaluate the internal and external strategic factors and determine the appropriate strategy for the development of creative tourism in Zahedan. Material and methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical and its type is applied-developmental. The information has been collected in two ways: documents and surveys (questionnaires and interviews). The statistical population includes 300,000 citizens of Zahedan city, of which 383 people were selected as the statistical sample of the research, based on Cochran's formula, and the resulting data were analyzed using SOWT and QSPM models. Results and discussion: According to the results of the SOWT technique, the overall strategy for the development of creative tourism in Zahedan was defensive (WT), with a final weight of 7.98. The results of the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) also showed that out of the four strategies of WT Group, priority is given to the strategy of "creating cultural and artistic places to supply creative cultural products" (with an attractive score of 11.966). Conclusion: In order to realize creative tourism in the studied area, in accordance with the findings of the research, suggestions such as creative marketing through information and communication technology, training of local industries and productions, holding a festival of local dialects, training in sewing local and indigenous clothes as well as cooking local dishes at the provincial and national level, etc., are presented by using the methods of creating partnership between tourists and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theories and application of translation have been investigated primarily from the perspective of researchers, accredited translators, translation teachers, and trainers. This study examines the lenses through which translation students are motivated to embark on the journey of translation. Whereas translation has long been considered to be an art in which translators principally rely on their talent and passion, or a profession in which practitioners are expected to have acquired necessary skills, translation has gained status as an academic discipline on its own in the past few decades. This paper aims to examine how students from different ethnic backgrounds perceive translation to be while studying the subject at university. To do so, a research questionnaire is devised to obtain students' perceptions of translation as to whether they perceive it to be an art, craft, or science. The questionnaire aims at translation students from diverse ethnic backgrounds, specifically: Arabic, Kurdish, and Persian. The results reveal that the student participants perceive translation to be a combination of the three elements of art, craft and science but to slightly varying degrees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]