This study assessed the concentrations and temporal trends of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the muscle and liver tissues of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) from 2017 to 2023. The Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) for biota and the Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI) for human consumers were calculated to evaluate potential health risks associated with PFC exposure. Significant variations in PFC concentrations were observed across different compounds and sampling years. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) had a mean concentration ranging from 0.03 ng g⁻ 1 wet weight (ww) to 0.17 ng g⁻ 1 ww (mean: 0.093 ng g⁻ 1 ww), while perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) ranged from 0.05 ng g⁻ 1 ww to 0.97 ng g⁻ 1 ww (mean: 0.46 ng g⁻ 1 ww). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) demonstrated mean concentrations between 1.98 ng g⁻ 1 ww and 9.03 ng g⁻ 1 ww (mean: 4.78 ng g⁻ 1 ww). PFOSA exhibited the lowest liver sequestration factor, indicating a higher elimination potential. The EQS for biota, expressed in PFOA-equivalents, ranged from 9.36 ng g⁻ 1 ww to 28.5 ng g⁻ 1 ww (mean: 18.5 ng g⁻ 1 ww), showing an overall increasing trend over the study period. The EWI for Baltic cod muscle (ΣPFAS-4) indicated an average exposure of 1.84 ng kg⁻ 1 body weight (bw) per week for adults, with a maximum of 3.46 ng kg⁻ 1 bw per week. For cod liver consumers, the maximum exposure reached 6.45 ng kg⁻ 1 bw per week, exceeding the Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) in some cases. The rising PFC concentrations in Baltic cod, especially in liver tissues, pose health risks to consumers. Ongoing monitoring and risk assessments are essential to reduce the impacts of PFC exposure from seafood., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Lidia Wolska reports financial support was provided by Medical University of Gdansk Department of Environmental Toxicology. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)