119 results on '"Research evidence"'
Search Results
2. ‘It depends’: what 86 systematic reviews tell us about what strategies to use to support the use of research in clinical practice
- Author
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Annette Boaz, Juan Baeza, Alec Fraser, and Erik Persson
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Systematic review ,Implementation ,Strategies ,Interventions ,Clinical practice ,Research evidence ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background The gap between research findings and clinical practice is well documented and a range of strategies have been developed to support the implementation of research into clinical practice. The objective of this study was to update and extend two previous reviews of systematic reviews of strategies designed to implement research evidence into clinical practice. Methods We developed a comprehensive systematic literature search strategy based on the terms used in the previous reviews to identify studies that looked explicitly at interventions designed to turn research evidence into practice. The search was performed in June 2022 in four electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Epistemonikos. We searched from January 2010 up to June 2022 and applied no language restrictions. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of included studies using a quality assessment checklist. To reduce the risk of bias, papers were excluded following discussion between all members of the team. Data were synthesised using descriptive and narrative techniques to identify themes and patterns linked to intervention strategies, targeted behaviours, study settings and study outcomes. Results We identified 32 reviews conducted between 2010 and 2022. The reviews are mainly of multi-faceted interventions (n = 20) although there are reviews focusing on single strategies (ICT, educational, reminders, local opinion leaders, audit and feedback, social media and toolkits). The majority of reviews report strategies achieving small impacts (normally on processes of care). There is much less evidence that these strategies have shifted patient outcomes. Furthermore, a lot of nuance lies behind these headline findings, and this is increasingly commented upon in the reviews themselves. Discussion Combined with the two previous reviews, 86 systematic reviews of strategies to increase the implementation of research into clinical practice have been identified. We need to shift the emphasis away from isolating individual and multi-faceted interventions to better understanding and building more situated, relational and organisational capability to support the use of research in clinical practice. This will involve drawing on a wider range of research perspectives (including social science) in primary studies and diversifying the types of synthesis undertaken to include approaches such as realist synthesis which facilitate exploration of the context in which strategies are employed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 'It depends': what 86 systematic reviews tell us about what strategies to use to support the use of research in clinical practice.
- Author
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Boaz, Annette, Baeza, Juan, Fraser, Alec, and Persson, Erik
- Subjects
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MEDICAL research , *EVIDENCE gaps , *TREND setters , *RESEARCH implementation , *NARRATION - Abstract
Background: The gap between research findings and clinical practice is well documented and a range of strategies have been developed to support the implementation of research into clinical practice. The objective of this study was to update and extend two previous reviews of systematic reviews of strategies designed to implement research evidence into clinical practice. Methods: We developed a comprehensive systematic literature search strategy based on the terms used in the previous reviews to identify studies that looked explicitly at interventions designed to turn research evidence into practice. The search was performed in June 2022 in four electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Epistemonikos. We searched from January 2010 up to June 2022 and applied no language restrictions. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of included studies using a quality assessment checklist. To reduce the risk of bias, papers were excluded following discussion between all members of the team. Data were synthesised using descriptive and narrative techniques to identify themes and patterns linked to intervention strategies, targeted behaviours, study settings and study outcomes. Results: We identified 32 reviews conducted between 2010 and 2022. The reviews are mainly of multi-faceted interventions (n = 20) although there are reviews focusing on single strategies (ICT, educational, reminders, local opinion leaders, audit and feedback, social media and toolkits). The majority of reviews report strategies achieving small impacts (normally on processes of care). There is much less evidence that these strategies have shifted patient outcomes. Furthermore, a lot of nuance lies behind these headline findings, and this is increasingly commented upon in the reviews themselves. Discussion: Combined with the two previous reviews, 86 systematic reviews of strategies to increase the implementation of research into clinical practice have been identified. We need to shift the emphasis away from isolating individual and multi-faceted interventions to better understanding and building more situated, relational and organisational capability to support the use of research in clinical practice. This will involve drawing on a wider range of research perspectives (including social science) in primary studies and diversifying the types of synthesis undertaken to include approaches such as realist synthesis which facilitate exploration of the context in which strategies are employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Telemedicine: Niche or mainstream? A bibliometric analysis and review of the output of highly ranked clinical journals.
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Edirippulige, Sisira, Senanayake, Buddhika, Fatehi, Farhad, Hansen, Julie, Bambling, Matthew, Smith, Anthony C, and Armfield, Nigel R
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BIBLIOMETRICS , *TELEMEDICINE , *MEDICAL specialties & specialists , *PATIENT care , *DATABASES - Abstract
Historically, telemedicine research is predominantly published in discipline-specific telemedicine journals. However, in recent times the number of publications on telemedicine in clinical journals has increased. Acceptance of telemedicine research by clinical journals indicates a maturing of the telemedicine field. This bibliometric study reviewed telemedicine-related literature published in clinical journals from 2008 to 2018. A search was conducted in PubMed using two types of clinical outlets. (1) Top 20 journals with highest Impact Factor in the field of Medicine. (2) Top five journals with highest Impact Factor in most common Medical Specialty Areas. Analysis showed that there is a steady growth of literature relating to research and non-research publications appearing in clinical journals. Top five journals in the field of Medicine – BMJ, JAMA, Cochrane database, Medical Journal of Australia and Lancet have published 64% (n = 270) of telemedicine-related articles for the study period. Disease areas associated with telemedicine publications are consistent with global disease priorities. The review demonstrated that the most significant increase in telemedicine research published in clinical journals was focused on patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Post-incident psychosocial interventions after a traumatic incident in the workplace: a systematic review of current research evidence and clinical guidance.
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Billings, Jo, Zhan Yuen Wong, Nicholas, Nicholls, Helen, Burton, Peter, Zosmer, Maya, Albert, Idit, Grey, Nick, El-Leithy, Sharif, Murphy, Dominic, Tehrani, Noreen, Wheatley, Jon, Bloomfield, Michael A. P., and Greene, Talya
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GROUP counseling , *ONLINE databases , *MEDICAL research , *BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases , *EMDR (Eye-movement desensitization & reprocessing) - Abstract
Background: After a traumatic incident in the workplace organisations want to provide support for their employees to prevent PTSD. However, what is safe and effective to offer has not yet been established, despite many organisations offering some form of intervention after a traumatic event. Objective: To systematically review the evidence for post-incident psychosocial interventions offered within one month of a workplace trauma, and to compare the content, effectiveness and acceptability of these interventions. Given the lack of a yet clearly established evidence-base in this field, we sought to examine both published empirical research as well as guidelines published by expert groups working with staff in high-risk roles. Methods: We conducted systematic searches for empirical research across bibliographic databases and searched online for clinical practice guidelines to April 2023. We were also referred to potentially relevant literature by experts in workplace trauma. Both empirical research and clinical guidelines were appraised for their quality. Results: A total of 80 research studies and 11 clinical practice guidelines were included in the review. Interventions included Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM), unspecified Debriefing, Trauma Risk Management (TRiM), Psychological First Aid (PFA), EMDR, CBT and group counselling. Most research and guidance were of poor quality. The findings of this review do not demonstrate any harm caused by CISD, CISM, PFA, TRiM, EMDR, group counselling or CBT interventions when delivered in a workplace setting. However, they do not conclusively demonstrate benefits of these interventions nor do they establish superiority of any specific intervention. Generic debriefing was associated with some negative outcomes. Current clinical guidelines were inconsistent with the current research evidence base. Nevertheless, interventions were generally valued by workers. Conclusions: Better quality research and guidance is urgently needed, including more detailed exploration of the specific aspects of delivery of post-incident interventions. Organisations often seek to provide some form of psychosocial intervention after a traumatic event in the workplace. Previous reviews have contraindicated particular forms of 'debriefing', however, the evidence for post-incident psychosocial interventions in the workplace has not previously been systematically reviewed. Research evidence was generally of poor quality with limited evidence of effectiveness and clinical guidelines were inconsistent with the evidence. Nevertheless, research did not demonstrate harm from most established interventions and support was valued by workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. A Study of Ghanaian Inclusive Basic School Teachers' Perspectives and Uses of Research Evidence in Pedagogical Practice.
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Agbenyega, Joseph Seyram, Tamakloe, Deborah, Klibthong, Sunanta, and Jibar, Hamdah Abdi Ibrahim
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INCLUSIVE education , *DIVERSITY in education , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *EXPERTISE - Abstract
International research findings offer inclusive education teachers various pedagogical tools to support student diversity in inclusive classrooms to counter educational disadvantages. However, according to previous research, embedding research evidence in pedagogical practice at the classroom level is rare in schools. Our study explored Ghanaian teachers' perspectives in 10 purposively selected inclusive Basic Schools in Ghana. The study focused on teachers' frequency of use of Research-Based Information (RBI), the type of use of RBI, opinions about RBI, awareness of useful activities that facilitate the use of RBI, individual expertise, or skills necessary for RBI use in everyday practice, organizational factors that influence the use of RBI. The study identified non-use and minimal to moderate use of RBI in professional practice. Sources of RBI were mostly from non-scholarly journals because the schools did not subscribe to peer-reviewed journals, and teachers were not willing to use their financial resources to access close-ended journal articles. An independent t -test was not significant between female and male participants. However, a Pearson product-moment correlation to assess the relationship between the various factors about RBI use found positive associations between organizational factors and expertise and between awareness factors and expertise to use RBI. Education must promote increased adoption of RBI in professional practice to enhance educational quality for all students. This can be accomplished by building ongoing solid school-university partnerships to develop context-specific frameworks that support inclusive teachers to conduct and use more research in their practice. Plain Language Summary: Teachers' views on research-informed teaching This study explored Ghanaian basic school teachers' perspectives on the frequency of use of Research-Based Information (RBI), the type of use of RBI, opinions about RBI, awareness of useful activities that facilitate the use of RBI, individual expertise, or skills necessary for RBI use in everyday practice, organisational factors that influence the use of RBI. The study utilised a descriptive survey approach, and the findings identified non-use and minimal to moderate use of RBI in professional practice. Sources of RBI the teachers often utilised were mostly from non-scholarly journals because the schools did not subscribe to peer-reviewed journals, and teachers were not willing to use their financial resources to access close-ended journal articles. Female and male participants did not differ in their approaches to RBI use. However, we found positive relations between organisational factors and expertise and between awareness factors and expertise to use RBI. It is important to support teachers to increase adoption of RBI in professional practice to enhance educational quality for all students. This can be accomplished by building ongoing solid school-university partnerships to develop context-specific frameworks that support inclusive teachers to conduct and use more research in their practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Advancing Research and Collecting Evidence on Lifelong Learning Globally
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Evans, Karen, Lee, Wing On, Markowitsch, Jörg, Zukas, Miriam, Evans, Karen, editor, Lee, Wing On, editor, Markowitsch, Jörg, editor, and Zukas, Miriam, editor
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- 2023
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8. Introduction
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Buys, Pieter W., Oberholzer, Merwe, Buys, Pieter W., editor, and Oberholzer, Merwe, editor
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- 2023
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9. Concluding Comments
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Buys, Pieter W., Oberholzer, Merwe, Buys, Pieter W., editor, and Oberholzer, Merwe, editor
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- 2023
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10. Influence of research evidence on the use of cardiovascular clinical prediction rules in primary care: an exploratory qualitative interview study
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Jong- Wook Ban, Rafael Perera, and Veronika Williams
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Clinical prediction rule ,Research evidence ,Primary care ,Evidence-based medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cardiovascular clinical prediction rules (CPRs) are widely used in primary care. They accumulate research evidence through derivation, external validation, and impact studies. However, existing knowledge about the influence of research evidence on the use of CPRs is limited. Therefore, we explored how primary care clinicians’ perceptions of and experiences with research influence their use of cardiovascular CPRs. Methods We conducted an exploratory qualitative interview study with thematic analysis. Primary care clinicians were recruited from the WWAMI (Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana and Idaho) region Practice and Research Network (WPRN). We used purposeful sampling to ensure maximum variation within the participant group. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured online interviews. We analyzed data using inductive thematic analysis to identify commonalities and differences within themes. Results Of 29 primary care clinicians who completed the questionnaire, 15 participated in the interview. We identified two main themes relating to the influence of clinicians’ perceptions of and experiences with cardiovascular CPR research on their decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs: “Seek and judge” and “be acquainted and assume.” When clinicians are familiar with, trust, and feel confident in using research evidence, they might actively search and assess the evidence, which may then influence their decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. However, clinicians, who are unfamiliar with, distrust, or find it challenging to use research evidence, might be passively acquainted with evidence but do not make their own judgment on the trustworthiness of such evidence. Therefore, these clinicians might not rely on research evidence when making decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. Conclusions Clinicians’ perceptions and experiences could influence how they use research evidence in decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. This implies, when promoting evidence-based decisions, it might be useful to target clinicians’ unfamiliarity, distrust, and challenges regarding the use of research evidence rather than focusing only on their knowledge and skills. Further, because clinicians often rely on evidence-unrelated factors, guideline developers and policymakers should recommend cardiovascular CPRs supported by high-quality evidence.
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- 2023
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11. Social Inequality and Evidence-Based Policy: An Agenda for Change
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Rodriguez, Nancy, Welsh, Brandon C., book editor, Zane, Steven N., book editor, and Mears, Daniel P., book editor
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- 2024
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12. Post-incident psychosocial interventions after a traumatic incident in the workplace: a systematic review of current research evidence and clinical guidance
- Author
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Jo Billings, Nicholas Zhan Yuen Wong, Helen Nicholls, Peter Burton, Maya Zosmer, Idit Albert, Nick Grey, Sharif El-Leithy, Dominic Murphy, Noreen Tehrani, Jon Wheatley, Michael A. P. Bloomfield, and Talya Greene
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Post-incident interventions ,psychosocial interventions ,workplace trauma ,systematic review ,research evidence ,clinical guidance ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
ABSTRACTBackground: After a traumatic incident in the workplace organisations want to provide support for their employees to prevent PTSD. However, what is safe and effective to offer has not yet been established, despite many organisations offering some form of intervention after a traumatic event.Objective: To systematically review the evidence for post-incident psychosocial interventions offered within one month of a workplace trauma, and to compare the content, effectiveness and acceptability of these interventions. Given the lack of a yet clearly established evidence-base in this field, we sought to examine both published empirical research as well as guidelines published by expert groups working with staff in high-risk roles.Methods: We conducted systematic searches for empirical research across bibliographic databases and searched online for clinical practice guidelines to April 2023. We were also referred to potentially relevant literature by experts in workplace trauma. Both empirical research and clinical guidelines were appraised for their quality.Results: A total of 80 research studies and 11 clinical practice guidelines were included in the review. Interventions included Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM), unspecified Debriefing, Trauma Risk Management (TRiM), Psychological First Aid (PFA), EMDR, CBT and group counselling. Most research and guidance were of poor quality. The findings of this review do not demonstrate any harm caused by CISD, CISM, PFA, TRiM, EMDR, group counselling or CBT interventions when delivered in a workplace setting. However, they do not conclusively demonstrate benefits of these interventions nor do they establish superiority of any specific intervention. Generic debriefing was associated with some negative outcomes. Current clinical guidelines were inconsistent with the current research evidence base. Nevertheless, interventions were generally valued by workers.Conclusions: Better quality research and guidance is urgently needed, including more detailed exploration of the specific aspects of delivery of post-incident interventions.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Influence of research evidence on the use of cardiovascular clinical prediction rules in primary care: an exploratory qualitative interview study.
- Author
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Ban, Jong- Wook, Perera, Rafael, and Williams, Veronika
- Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular clinical prediction rules (CPRs) are widely used in primary care. They accumulate research evidence through derivation, external validation, and impact studies. However, existing knowledge about the influence of research evidence on the use of CPRs is limited. Therefore, we explored how primary care clinicians’ perceptions of and experiences with research influence their use of cardiovascular CPRs. Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative interview study with thematic analysis. Primary care clinicians were recruited from the WWAMI (Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana and Idaho) region Practice and Research Network (WPRN). We used purposeful sampling to ensure maximum variation within the participant group. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured online interviews. We analyzed data using inductive thematic analysis to identify commonalities and differences within themes. Results: Of 29 primary care clinicians who completed the questionnaire, 15 participated in the interview. We identified two main themes relating to the influence of clinicians’ perceptions of and experiences with cardiovascular CPR research on their decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs: “Seek and judge” and “be acquainted and assume.” When clinicians are familiar with, trust, and feel confident in using research evidence, they might actively search and assess the evidence, which may then influence their decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. However, clinicians, who are unfamiliar with, distrust, or find it challenging to use research evidence, might be passively acquainted with evidence but do not make their own judgment on the trustworthiness of such evidence. Therefore, these clinicians might not rely on research evidence when making decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. Conclusions: Clinicians’ perceptions and experiences could influence how they use research evidence in decisions about using cardiovascular CPRs. This implies, when promoting evidence-based decisions, it might be useful to target clinicians’ unfamiliarity, distrust, and challenges regarding the use of research evidence rather than focusing only on their knowledge and skills. Further, because clinicians often rely on evidence-unrelated factors, guideline developers and policymakers should recommend cardiovascular CPRs supported by high-quality evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. The Churning of Organizational Learning: A Case Study of District and School Leaders Using Social Network Analysis.
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Caduff, Anita, Daly, Alan J., Finnigan, Kara S., and Leal, Christina C.
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ORGANIZATIONAL learning ,SOCIAL network analysis ,SCHOOL districts ,SCHOOL administrators ,CAREER development ,CORPORATE culture ,PROFESSIONAL relationships - Abstract
Research provides ample evidence that positive social relations and access to knowledge are supportive for educational change. However, few studies have examined how personnel turnover and restructuring in school districts influence these processes, specifically as they relate to leaders' access to research evidence and perception of organizational learning and culture. In this longitudinal exploratory mixed-methods case study, we examine the changes in social networks and organizational learning among school and district leaders during a 3-year district restructuring process. Our study uses social network analysis, bivariate analyses, and qualitative coding. We surveyed district and school leaders about their districts' capacity for organizational learning, organizational culture, and social ties around research evidence. Our results suggest a decrease in the district's capacity to diffuse ideas from research between Years 1 and 3, which may inhibit efforts for improvement. Further, the data on school and district leaders who did not leave the district indicates a decrease in the perception of organizational learning and culture in school sites, but not in the district with differences between principals and central office staff. Qualitative findings support an association between the restructuring and changes in organizational learning and social structures and provide further reasons for the changes (e.g., lack of communication, time to maintain/build relationships, and opportunities for professional development). These findings speak to the importance of leaders focusing on the social side of change during times of churn, including strengthening trust, fostering collective values and beliefs, and countering division. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Information literacy and its link to evidence-informed policymaking in Zimbabwe.
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Munatsi, Ronald
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INFORMATION literacy , *POLICY sciences , *THEMATIC analysis , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *CONTENT analysis - Abstract
This paper explored the link between information literacy (IL) and other factors that enable or inhibit the utilisation of research evidence in policymaking in Zimbabwe. The study assumes that if policymakers possess appropriate IL skills to access, assess, synthesise, and apply research evidence, they will naturally use the evidence to inform their policy decisions. Face-toface interviews with 26 policymakers -- technocrats selected from the Parliament of Zimbabwe and two ministries, Industry and Commerce, and Youth, Sport, and Recreation -- produced evidence to inform the findings and conclusions. Data synthesis using thematic content analysis confirmed the findings. The results show that while IL skills are critical in enabling policymakers' use of research evidence, multiple other factors also influence the use of research evidence in policymaking due to the complexity of the process. The political and socioeconomic context plays a profound role because of the intricate and nonlinear nature of the policymaking process. Therefore, enhancing evidence use in policymaking revolves around strengthening IL skills at the individual level, including institutional and the broader policy ecosystem, by acknowledging and leveraging personal and institutional relationships. This insight illuminates the need to reorient IL programmes to link them to these other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. A mapping exercise to identify the strengths, and gaps in knowledge translation activities at Cochrane South Africa.
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Jaca, Anelisa, Mulopo, Chanelle, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, and Schmidt, Bey-Marrié
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GREEN infrastructure , *RESEARCH personnel , *MEDICAL personnel , *GRADUATE students , *INFORMATION sharing - Abstract
Knowledge translation (KT) is a set of activities or processes for synthesising, disseminating, and applying research evidence in decision-making for the benefit of society. For KT to be successful, it is paramount for researchers to play an active role in encouraging evidence uptake and use in decisionmaking. We carried out a mapping exercise and interviews with research cluster heads at Cochrane South Africa (CSA) of the KT activities and processes being implemented (or are planned for implementation). We organized the mapping and interview results according to the KT themes described in the Cochrane KT Framework. The KT framework comprises six themes, namely, (i) prioritization and co-production of research evidence; (ii) building a sustainable infrastructure for knowledge translation; (iii) engaging with audiences for knowledge exchange or dialogue; (iv) packaging, communication and dissemination which entails disseminating research to users; (v) building audience capacity to use evidence or training activities; and (vi) advocacy or improving the culture of using evidence. Through the mapping exercise and interviews, we learned that CSA researchers excelled in implementing activities and processes linked to most of the KT themes, including producing different types of systematic reviews and providing reliable evidence for health decision-making. Cochrane South Africa (CSA) researchers are also involved in mentoring and training postgraduate students and various health decision-makers (e.g., health professionals, guideline panels and policy-makers). While they excel in the above-mentioned activities, "packaging, communication, and dissemination of research evidence" (theme iv) was identified as an area of improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Evidence-based practice in nursing - A review
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Sarawad, Shivaleela S
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- 2023
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18. Objections and Responses
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Torry, Malcolm, Widerquist, Karl, Series Editor, and Torry, Malcolm
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- 2022
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19. Applications of research evidence during processes to acquire approvals for syringe services program implementation in rural counties in Kentucky
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Sean T. Allen, Suzanne M. Grieb, Jennifer L. Glick, Rebecca Hamilton White, Tyler Puryear, Katherine C. Smith, Brian W. Weir, and Susan G. Sherman
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injection drug use ,syringe services programs ,research evidence ,rural ,drug policy ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction Despite decades of empirical research in the US and internationally documenting the benefits of implementing syringe services programs (SSPs), their implementation may be controversial in many jurisdictions. Better understanding how research evidence is applied during SSP implementation processes may enable the public health workforce to advocate for program scale up. This study explores applications of research evidence during processes to acquire approvals for SSP implementation in rural counties in Kentucky. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted among eighteen stakeholders (e.g. health department directors, SSP operators) involved in SSP implementation in rural Kentucky counties. Stakeholders were asked to describe the contexts surrounding SSP implementation processes. Interviews were transcribed and analysed for applications of research evidence. Research evidence-related quotes were subsequently categorised based on the typologies for applications of research evidence developed by Weiss et al. (instrumental, conceptual, and symbolic) and a fourth category for instances when research evidence was not used. Results Instrumental applications of research evidence occurred at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels to dispel concerns about SSPs and formed the basis for implementation support. SSP proponents used research evidence in a conceptual manner to address underlying attitudes and beliefs that were not evidence-based. Participants reported symbolic research evidence applications to justify pre-existing attitudes and beliefs about meeting the public health needs of people who inject drugs. Lastly, in some instances, research evidence was met with scepticism and an unwillingness to consider its merits. Conclusion Applications of research evidence during SSP implementation approval processes in rural Kentucky counties were heterogeneous in nature. Better understanding the diversity of ways in which research evidence may be employed during SSP implementation processes may support efforts to improve the public health of people who inject drugs.Key messages Applications of research evidence during SSP implementation approval processes in rural Kentucky counties were heterogeneous in nature. Instrumental applications of research evidence occurred at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels to dispel concerns about SSPs and formed the basis for implementation support. SSP proponents used research evidence in a conceptual manner to address underlying attitudes and beliefs that were not evidence-based.
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- 2022
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20. Mapping research evidence on quality of life in children with atopic dermatitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol
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Abraham Getachew Kelbore, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Anisa Mosam, and Jacqueline M. van Wyk
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Eczema ,Inflammatory skin diseases ,Pediatric ,Research evidence ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, debilitating disease affecting children worldwide. Several studies have shown the disease to be a significant problem which leads to a diminished quality of life (QoL) for the affected children, but systematic evaluation of such studies in Africa is yet to be reported. Therefore, this scoping review aims to map research evidence on children with AD and their QoL in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods The scoping review will follow the Arksey and O’Mally methodological framework. The electronic databases to be searched will include PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Health Sources), and Scopus and Google Scholar, for published literature between 2010 and 2021. The search strategy for the databases will include keywords, Medical Subject Headings terms, and Boolean operators. The reference list of the included sources of evidence and the WHO website will also be consulted for evidence relating to QoL of children with AD in SSA. Two independent reviewers will undertake abstract and full-text article screening with the guidance of eligibility criteria. This review will include studies conducted in SSA, and publications focusing on QoL and associated factors of AD in children. Data will be extracted from the included studies and analyzed qualitatively; NVIVO software V.11 will be used, and the emerging themes reported narratively. The mixed-method appraisal tool (MMAT) will be employed for quality appraisal of included studies. Discussion We look forward to the findings of several studies that describe the QoL and associated factors among children with AD and that report on the use of different diagnostic criteria, severity scaling and QoL measuring scale tools used to ascertain the presence of AD, scale the severity of AD, and the impact of AD on QoL among children. This will help to improve clinical practice and the QoL of children with AD in SSA. The study findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, peer presentations, and presentations at relevant conferences. Conclusion This study will add new knowledge on the QoL in children with AD in the SSA context. The study has the potential to inform research and clinical practice to impact the QoL of children with AD in SSA.
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- 2022
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21. Evidence-based policing and police receptivity to research: evidence from Taiwan
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Lin, Kenghui, Sidebottom, Aiden, and Wortley, Richard
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- 2022
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22. The perennial impact of the Salesian education vision – a perspective from the UK.
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Lydon, John and G. Briody SDB, Fr. James
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This article will focus on the perennial impact of the Salesian education vision in in Salesian schools in the UK. Following an introduction outlining the history of the Salesian presence in the UK, the Salesian education vision will be explored, focused on its classical characteristics, reason, religion and loving kindness. The decline in the number of professed religious in the UK will be signposted, analogous to the decline across Europe, and the concomitant commitment to a collaboration between the Salesian congregation and lay people in a post-Vatican II context. The nature of Salesian accompaniment will then be surveyed alongside research evidence spanning a decade which constitutes evidential support for the perennial impact of the Salesian education vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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23. The Political and Social Contexts of Research Evidence Use in Partnerships.
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Finnigan, Kara S.
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SOCIAL context , *SOCIAL history , *BROKERS - Abstract
This article discusses what we know about the underlying social and political conditions shaping research evidence use in education and how this applies to Research-Practice Partnerships (RPPs). It discusses types of use, political dynamics and processes, brokers and intermediaries, and racial dynamics and lenses. It also recommends strategies for RPPs in light of these political and social contexts to improve the quality of use and reduce the misuse of research evidence, ending with implications for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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24. Evaluating a capacity development intervention in health economics among producers and users of evidence in Nigeria: a case study in Getting Research Into Policy and Practice (GRIPP) in Anambra State
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Charles C. Ezenduka and Obinna E. Onwujekwe
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Capacity development ,health economics ,health policy and practice ,research evidence ,training workshop ,healthcare system ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background The use of research evidence to inform policy and practice cannot be overemphasized especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). To promote the use of research evidence in the provision of health services for enhanced effective control of communicable diseases in developing countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the Health Policy Research Group (HPRG) commissioned a capacity development workshop in health economics among producers and users of research evidence in the healthcare system of Anambra state, south east Nigeria. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the workshop training on selected stakeholders on the use of health economics evidence to inform health policy and practice in the state. Methods Participants were purposively selected based either as producers and users of evidence at various levels of healthcare decision making in Anambra state, comprising mostly senior managers and executives from the ministry of health, the academic and health institutions in the state. A two-day capacity development workshop was conducted to train the participants on the use of economic evidence to inform health policy and practice. Pre-post test approach and group exercises were used to assess the knowledge and impact of the training exercises on the participants regarding the use of health economics evidence. Analysis was based on the framework of process-output-outcome-impact approach using the pre-post test and scores technique to assess the impact of the training programme. Results Pretest average scores varied from 39.7% to 60.5% while posttest scores varied from 47.6% to 65.7%, showing big differences in individual scores among participants, between the producers and users of evidence both prior to and after the training. The significant differences between the test scores indicated success in increasing the knowledge of participants on the use of health economics evidence. Results corroborated participants’ perceptions that the workshop impacted positively on their ability to apply the knowledge of health economic evidence to inform decision making in their respective practices. Conclusion Findings underscored the need for regular upgrade of stakeholders in the health system for enhanced uptake and sustainability of the programme to achieve the desired goal of getting research into policy and practice in the state applicable to other settings.
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- 2022
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25. Applications of research evidence during processes to acquire approvals for syringe services program implementation in rural counties in Kentucky.
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Allen, Sean T., Grieb, Suzanne M., Glick, Jennifer L., White, Rebecca Hamilton, Puryear, Tyler, Smith, Katherine C., Weir, Brian W., and Sherman, Susan G.
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NEEDLE exchange programs ,SYRINGES ,DRUG abuse ,COUNTIES ,PUBLIC meetings - Abstract
Despite decades of empirical research in the US and internationally documenting the benefits of implementing syringe services programs (SSPs), their implementation may be controversial in many jurisdictions. Better understanding how research evidence is applied during SSP implementation processes may enable the public health workforce to advocate for program scale up. This study explores applications of research evidence during processes to acquire approvals for SSP implementation in rural counties in Kentucky. In-depth interviews were conducted among eighteen stakeholders (e.g. health department directors, SSP operators) involved in SSP implementation in rural Kentucky counties. Stakeholders were asked to describe the contexts surrounding SSP implementation processes. Interviews were transcribed and analysed for applications of research evidence. Research evidence-related quotes were subsequently categorised based on the typologies for applications of research evidence developed by Weiss et al. (instrumental, conceptual, and symbolic) and a fourth category for instances when research evidence was not used. Instrumental applications of research evidence occurred at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels to dispel concerns about SSPs and formed the basis for implementation support. SSP proponents used research evidence in a conceptual manner to address underlying attitudes and beliefs that were not evidence-based. Participants reported symbolic research evidence applications to justify pre-existing attitudes and beliefs about meeting the public health needs of people who inject drugs. Lastly, in some instances, research evidence was met with scepticism and an unwillingness to consider its merits. Applications of research evidence during SSP implementation approval processes in rural Kentucky counties were heterogeneous in nature. Better understanding the diversity of ways in which research evidence may be employed during SSP implementation processes may support efforts to improve the public health of people who inject drugs. Applications of research evidence during SSP implementation approval processes in rural Kentucky counties were heterogeneous in nature. Instrumental applications of research evidence occurred at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels to dispel concerns about SSPs and formed the basis for implementation support. SSP proponents used research evidence in a conceptual manner to address underlying attitudes and beliefs that were not evidence-based. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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26. Mapping research evidence on quality of life in children with atopic dermatitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol.
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Kelbore, Abraham Getachew, Enbiale, Wendemagegn, Mosam, Anisa, and van Wyk, Jacqueline M.
- Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, debilitating disease affecting children worldwide. Several studies have shown the disease to be a significant problem which leads to a diminished quality of life (QoL) for the affected children, but systematic evaluation of such studies in Africa is yet to be reported. Therefore, this scoping review aims to map research evidence on children with AD and their QoL in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: The scoping review will follow the Arksey and O’Mally methodological framework. The electronic databases to be searched will include PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Health Sources), and Scopus and Google Scholar, for published literature between 2010 and 2021. The search strategy for the databases will include keywords, Medical Subject Headings terms, and Boolean operators. The reference list of the included sources of evidence and the WHO website will also be consulted for evidence relating to QoL of children with AD in SSA. Two independent reviewers will undertake abstract and full-text article screening with the guidance of eligibility criteria. This review will include studies conducted in SSA, and publications focusing on QoL and associated factors of AD in children. Data will be extracted from the included studies and analyzed qualitatively; NVIVO software V.11 will be used, and the emerging themes reported narratively. The mixed-method appraisal tool (MMAT) will be employed for quality appraisal of included studies. Discussion: We look forward to the findings of several studies that describe the QoL and associated factors among children with AD and that report on the use of different diagnostic criteria, severity scaling and QoL measuring scale tools used to ascertain the presence of AD, scale the severity of AD, and the impact of AD on QoL among children. This will help to improve clinical practice and the QoL of children with AD in SSA. The study findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, peer presentations, and presentations at relevant conferences. Conclusion: This study will add new knowledge on the QoL in children with AD in the SSA context. The study has the potential to inform research and clinical practice to impact the QoL of children with AD in SSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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27. 国际视野中循证教师培养实践研究.
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赵 萍 and 邹奕淳
- Abstract
Copyright of Teacher Education Research is the property of Teacher Education Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
28. A pragmatic evaluation of a public health knowledge broker mentoring education program: a convergent mixed methods study
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Emily C Clark, Bandna Dhaliwal, Donna Ciliska, Sarah E Neil-Sztramko, Marla Steinberg, and Maureen Dobbins
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Evidence-informed decision-making ,Knowledge broker ,Public health ,Knowledge translation ,Research evidence ,Professional development ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Public health professionals are expected to use the best available research and contextual evidence to inform decision-making. The National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools developed, implemented, and evaluated a Knowledge Broker mentoring program aimed at facilitating organization-wide evidence-informed decision-making in ten public health units in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this study was to pragmatically assess the impact of the program. Methods A convergent mixed methods design was used to interpret quantitative results in the context of the qualitative findings. A goal-setting exercise was conducted with senior leadership in each organization prior to implementing the program. Achievement of goals was quantified through deductive coding of post-program interviews with participants and management. Interviews analyzed inductively to qualitatively explain progress toward identified goals and identify key factors related to implementation of EIDM within the organization. Results Organizations met their goals for evidence use to varying degrees. The key themes identified that support an organizational shift to EIDM include definitive plans for participants to share knowledge during and after program completion, embedding evidence into decision-making processes, and supportive leadership with organizational investment of time and resources. The location, setting, or size of health units was not associated with attainment of EIDM goals; small, rural health units were not at a disadvantage compared to larger, urban health units. Conclusions The Knowledge Broker mentoring program allowed participants to share their learning and support change at their health units. When paired with organizational supports such as supportive leadership and resource investment, this program holds promise as an innovative knowledge translation strategy for organization wide EIDM among public health organizations.
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- 2022
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29. Jordanian Radiologists’ Perspectives and Application of Evidence-Based Radiology in Clinical Practice
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Alakhras M, Al-Mousa DS, and Alwawi D
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clinical decision ,research evidence ,evidence-based radiology ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Maram Alakhras,1 Dana S Al-Mousa,1 Duaa Alwawi2 1Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Jordan, Amman, JordanCorrespondence: Maram Alakhras, Tel +96227201000 Ext 26947, Email mmalakhras@just.edu.joPurpose: To evaluate radiologists’ education, knowledge and skills of research, attitude toward evidence-based radiology (EBR), understanding of terms and use of related published work in clinical practice and the association between these variables and sociodemographic characteristics. We also aim to assess the availability of resources and to identify sources and the main barriers to implementing EBR.Materials and Methods: A total of 87 radiologists completed a questionnaire, which consisted of eight sections related to radiologists’ demographic characteristics, and EBR-related questions. Descriptive statistics were used, and the association between EBR-related parts and sociodemographic characteristics was performed.Results: Ninety-three percent of the radiologists believed that EBR is necessary in practice. Only 40% received formal training in search strategies and 29.9% in critical appraisal of research literature during academic preparation. Moreover, 21– 62% of the respondents completely understand specific terms related to EBR. Sixty-three percent stated that they can access relevant databases and the Internet at workplace. Research articles were only used by 24% to make a clinical decision. Almost 50% reported that they read or reviewed ≤ 1 article per month. The primary barrier to implementing EBR was the lack of colleagues’ support. Understanding terms and the number of articles used in clinical decision were significantly related to education (P-value=0.001, 0.007) and hospital section (P-value=0.002, 0.027) respectively.Conclusion: Radiologists showed positive attitude toward EBR. However, there is a lack in information resources, colleagues’ support, use of published literature, understanding of research terms and the ability of radiologists to access relevant databases at workplaces.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: clinical decision, research evidence, evidence-based radiology
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- 2022
30. Evaluating a capacity development intervention in health economics among producers and users of evidence in Nigeria: a case study in Getting Research Into Policy and Practice (GRIPP) in Anambra State.
- Author
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Ezenduka, Charles C. and Onwujekwe, Obinna E.
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MEDICAL economics ,CAPACITY building ,COMMUNICABLE disease control ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH literacy - Abstract
Background: The use of research evidence to inform policy and practice cannot be overemphasized especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). To promote the use of research evidence in the provision of health services for enhanced effective control of communicable diseases in developing countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the Health Policy Research Group (HPRG) commissioned a capacity development workshop in health economics among producers and users of research evidence in the healthcare system of Anambra state, south east Nigeria. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the workshop training on selected stakeholders on the use of health economics evidence to inform health policy and practice in the state. Methods: Participants were purposively selected based either as producers and users of evidence at various levels of healthcare decision making in Anambra state, comprising mostly senior managers and executives from the ministry of health, the academic and health institutions in the state. A two-day capacity development workshop was conducted to train the participants on the use of economic evidence to inform health policy and practice. Pre-post test approach and group exercises were used to assess the knowledge and impact of the training exercises on the participants regarding the use of health economics evidence. Analysis was based on the framework of process-output-outcome-impact approach using the pre-post test and scores technique to assess the impact of the training programme. Results: Pretest average scores varied from 39.7% to 60.5% while posttest scores varied from 47.6% to 65.7%, showing big differences in individual scores among participants, between the producers and users of evidence both prior to and after the training. The significant differences between the test scores indicated success in increasing the knowledge of participants on the use of health economics evidence. Results corroborated participants' perceptions that the workshop impacted positively on their ability to apply the knowledge of health economic evidence to inform decision making in their respective practices. Conclusion: Findings underscored the need for regular upgrade of stakeholders in the health system for enhanced uptake and sustainability of the programme to achieve the desired goal of getting research into policy and practice in the state applicable to other settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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31. Examining the Effectiveness of Social Media for the Dissemination of Research Evidence for Health and Social Care Practitioners: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Roberts-Lewis S, Baxter H, Mein G, Quirke-McFarlane S, Leggat FJ, Garner H, Powell M, White S, and Bearne L
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- Humans, Health Personnel statistics & numerical data, Information Dissemination methods, Social Media
- Abstract
Background: Social media use has potential to facilitate the rapid dissemination of research evidence to busy health and social care practitioners., Objective: This study aims to quantitatively synthesize evidence of the between- and within-group effectiveness of social media for dissemination of research evidence to health and social care practitioners. It also compared effectiveness between different social media platforms, formats, and strategies., Methods: We searched electronic databases for articles in English that were published between January 1, 2010, and January 10, 2023, and that evaluated social media interventions for disseminating research evidence to qualified, postregistration health and social care practitioners in measures of reach, engagement, direct dissemination, or impact. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessments were carried out by at least 2 independent reviewers. Meta-analyses of standardized pooled effects were carried out for between- and within-group effectiveness of social media and comparisons between platforms, formats, and strategies. Certainty of evidence for outcomes was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) framework., Results: In total, 50 mixed-quality articles that were heterogeneous in design and outcome were included (n=9, 18% were randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Reach (measured in number of practitioners, impressions, or post views) was reported in 26 studies. Engagement (measured in likes or post interactions) was evaluated in 21 studies. Direct dissemination (measured in link clicks, article views, downloads, or altmetric attention score) was analyzed in 23 studies (8 RCTs). Impact (measured in citations or measures of thinking and practice) was reported in 13 studies. Included studies almost universally indicated effects in favor of social media interventions, although effect sizes varied. Cumulative evidence indicated moderate certainty of large and moderate between-group effects of social media interventions on direct dissemination (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.88; P=.02) and impact (SMD 0.76; P<.001). After social media interventions, cumulative evidence showed moderate certainty of large within-group effects on reach (SMD 1.99; P<.001), engagement (SMD 3.74; P<.001), and direct dissemination (SMD 0.82; P=.004) and low certainty of a small within-group effect on impacting thinking or practice (SMD 0.45; P=.02). There was also evidence for the effectiveness of using multiple social media platforms (including Twitter, subsequently rebranded X; and Facebook), images (particularly infographics), and intensive social media strategies with frequent, daily posts and involving influential others. No included studies tested the dissemination of research evidence to social care practitioners., Conclusions: Social media was effective for disseminating research evidence to health care practitioners. More intense social media campaigns using specific platforms, formats, and strategies may be more effective than less intense interventions. Implications include recommendations for effective dissemination of research evidence to health care practitioners and further RCTs in this field, particularly investigating the dissemination of social care research., Trial Registration: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42022378793; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=378793., International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): RR2-10.2196/45684., (©Sarah Roberts-Lewis, Helen Baxter, Gill Mein, Sophia Quirke-McFarlane, Fiona J Leggat, Hannah Garner, Martha Powell, Sarah White, Lindsay Bearne. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 05.06.2024.)
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- 2024
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32. A pragmatic evaluation of a public health knowledge broker mentoring education program: a convergent mixed methods study
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Clark, Emily C, Dhaliwal, Bandna, Ciliska, Donna, Neil-Sztramko, Sarah E, Steinberg, Marla, and Dobbins, Maureen
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- 2022
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33. Public-academic partnerships to foster use of research evidence in improving youth outcomes: findings from document analysis
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Yin-Ling Irene Wong, Christina D. Kang-Yi, Oluwatoyin B. Olubiyi, and Amy P. Page
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business.industry ,Public relations ,Document analysis ,business ,Psychology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Research evidence - Abstract
Background:Although public-academic partnerships (PAPs) to improve the health and well-being of vulnerable populations have proliferated in public care for youth, existing literature lacks information about whether PAPs lead to public care agency leaders’ use of research evidence and promote youth mental health and well-being. Aims and objectives:The document analysis was conducted to understand PAP contexts and mechanisms leading to public care agency leaders’ use of research evidence. This paper introduces US public mental health and child welfare systems, shares strategies of identifying PAPs, obtaining and conducting systematic document review of PAPs, and documents analysis findings. Methods:This project conducted document analysis of US PAPs aiming to improve mental health and promote well-being of youth aged 12–25 years. Findings:The 23 PAPs analysed had diverse partnership goals including implementation and dissemination of research/evaluation evidence, information sharing, and prioritising and streamlining research priorities. PAPs sustained longer than 10 years had more focused goals of programme and policy evaluations and professional training, while PAPs 10 years or newer were engaged in more diverse goals. The majority of PAPs used journal articles, presentations, and multimedia as dissemination strategies of findings. Fewer than half of the PAPs reported on use of PAP-generated evidence in subsequent decision making by public care agency leaders. Discussion and conclusions:Further research should examine which mechanisms link partnership contexts, PAP leaders’ research evidence use, and youth outcomes improvement. Future research should also examine PAPs by detailed stages of development and ask PAP leaders directly about their evidence use.
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- 2022
34. Addiction Treatment and Telehealth: Review of Efficacy and Provider Insights During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Kristen Henretty, Marylou Gilbert, Janice Tzeng, Katherine Treiman, Howard Padwa, and Tami L. Mark
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Canada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,education ,COVID-19 ,Telehealth ,medicine.disease ,Telemedicine ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Family medicine ,Group counseling ,Pandemic ,Ambulatory Care ,medicine ,Humans ,business ,Pandemics ,health care economics and organizations ,Addiction treatment ,Research evidence ,Methadone ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective Addiction treatment via telehealth expanded to unprecedented levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to clarify whether the research evidence on the efficacy of telehealth-delivered substance use disorder treatment and the experience of providers using telehealth during the pandemic support continued use of telehealth after the pandemic and, if so, under what circumstances. Methods Data sources included a literature review on the efficacy of telehealth for substance use disorder treatment, responses to a 2020 online survey from 100 California addiction treatment providers, and interviews with 30 California treatment providers and other stakeholders. Results Eight published studies were identified that compared addiction treatment via telehealth with in-person treatment. Seven found telehealth treatment as effective but not more effective than in-person treatment in terms of retention, therapeutic alliance, and substance use. One Canadian study found that telehealth facilitated methadone prescribing and improved retention. In the survey results reported here, California addiction treatment providers said that more than 50% of their patients were being treated via telehealth for intensive outpatient treatment, individual counseling, group counseling, and intake assessment. They were most confident that individual counseling via telehealth was as effective as in-person individual counseling and less sure about the relative effectiveness of telehealth-delivered medication management, group counseling, and intake assessments. Conclusions Telehealth may help engage patients in addiction treatment by improving access and convenience. Additional research is needed to confirm that benefit and to determine how best to tailor telehealth to each patient's circumstances and with what mix of in-person and telehealth services.
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- 2022
35. Rickinson et al. (2022) - Quality Use of Research Evidence in Australian Schools - Interview Protocol
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Gleeson, Jo, Walsh, Lucas, Cutler, Blake, and Rickinson, Mark
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Using evidence better ,Quality use of research evidence ,Schools ,Research-informed practice ,Using research well ,Research use ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
This protocol describes the Monash Q Project's 'Using Research Well in Australian Schools' interview, which explored Australian educators' views about the practices and behaviours involved in using research well. More information about the Monash Q Project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V27FX
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- 2023
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36. Rickinson et al. (2022) - Australian Practitioners' Attitudes and Behaviours Towards Sharing Research in Education - Survey Instrument
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Gleeson, Jo, Walsh, Lucas, Cutler, Blake, and Rickinson, Mark
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Using evidence better ,Quality use of research evidence ,Schools ,Policy maker ,Research-informed practice ,Using research well ,Research use ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
This protocol describes the Monash Q Project's 'Attitudes and Behaviours Towards Sharing Research in Education' survey, which explored Australian educators' and system actors' views and experiences about sharing and receiving research in education. More information about the Monash Q Project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V27FX
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- 2023
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37. Rickinson et al. (2023) - Barriers and Enablers of Quality Research Use in Educational Practice - Survey Instrument
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Walsh, Lucas, Gleeson, Jo, Cutler, Blake, and Rickinson, Mark
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Using evidence better ,Schools ,Quality use of research evidence ,Research-informed practice ,Using research well ,Research use ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
This protocol describes the Monash Q Project's 'Using Research Well in Practice' survey, which explored Australian educators' experiences of using research alongside the enablers of and barriers to using research well in practice. More information about the Monash Q Project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V27FX
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- 2023
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38. Rickinson et al. (2022) - Research and Evidence Use in Australian Schools - Survey Instrument
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Gleeson, Jo, Cutler, Blake, Walsh, Lucas, and Rickinson, Mark
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Using evidence better ,Quality use of research evidence ,Schools ,Research-informed practice ,Using research well ,Research use ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
This protocol describes the Monash Q Project's 'Research and Evidence Use in Australian Schools' survey, which explored how Australian educators use research and evidence, their perceptions of research use in practice, and their conceptualisations of using research well. More information about the Monash Q Project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V27FX
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- 2023
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39. The Q Project: Improving the use of research evidence in Australian schools
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Gleeson, Jo, Rickinson, Mark, Cutler, Blake, and Walsh, Lucas
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Using evidence better ,Schools ,Quality use of research evidence ,Research-informed practice ,Using research well ,Research use ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
The Q Project is an Australian first research project. It investigates how research evidence is used in schools, and how to support educators to better use that evidence in their practice. This OSF page houses details about each of the Q Project's research activities and methods.
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- 2023
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40. Rickinson et al. (2023) - Quality Use of Research Evidence Assessment Tool - Instrument Design
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Gleeson, Jo, Rickinson, Mark, Cutler, Blake, and Walsh, Lucas
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Using evidence better ,Schools ,Quality use of research evidence ,Using evidence well ,Research-informed practice ,Research use ,Education systems ,Evidence use ,Research evidence ,QURE Assessment Tool ,Evidence-informed practice ,Education - Abstract
This protocol outlines the item design for the Monash Q Project's 'Quality Use of Research Evidence (QURE) Assessment Tool', a confidential online questionnaire that enables educators and education system leaders, as individuals or as a group, to reflect upon their use of research in their practice. The QURE Assessment Tool can be accessed at: https://research.orima.com.au/QURE_AssessmentTool/Logon/logon.php? More information about the Monash Q Project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V27FX
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- 2023
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41. The Entropy Perspective on Human Illness and Aging
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Zhiguo Wang
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Environmental Engineering ,General Computer Science ,Mechanism (biology) ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,General Chemical Engineering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Perspective (graphical) ,Integrated systems ,General Engineering ,Longevity ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Human body ,Human health ,Entropy (energy dispersal) ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology ,Research evidence ,media_common - Abstract
A growing body of research evidence has verified the old concept of entropy increase to be the common mechanism for various human diseases and aging and the preservation of low-entropy state to be the key for human health and longevity. However, how the human body maintains at a low-entropy state remains unclear. I propose herein four integrated systems as the main intrinsic machineries for minimizing entropy increase so as to keep wellness and avoid illness. I will present the evidence and rationales for my hypothesis.
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- 2022
42. Occupational Factors and Faculty Well-Being: Investigating the Mediating Role of Need Frustration
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Sarah-Geneviève Trépanier, Zaynab Sabagh, Alenoush Saroyan, and Nathan C. Hall
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business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Well-being ,Frustration ,Public relations ,Psychology ,business ,Education ,Research evidence ,Academic support ,media_common - Abstract
Research evidence suggests that faculty members’ well-being is a serious concern in academia. However, little is known about the academic job demands and resources, which are specific to the profes...
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- 2021
43. Whole Milk and Full-Fat Dairy Products and Hypertensive Risks
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Stephen J. Roy and Hirofumi Tanaka
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business.industry ,Disease ,Dietary Fats ,Elevated blood ,Diet ,Whole milk ,VASCULAR FUNCTIONS ,Milk ,Blood pressure ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Hypertension ,Internal Medicine ,Disease risk ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Observational study ,business ,Research evidence - Abstract
Lifestyle modifications in the form of diet and exercise are generally the first-line approach to reduce hypertensive risk and overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Accumulating research evidence has revealed that consumption of non- and low-fat dairy products incorporated into the routine diet is an effective means to reduce elevated blood pressure and improve vascular functions. However, the idea of incorporating whole-fat or full-fat dairy products in the normal routine diet as a strategy to reduce CVD risk has been met with controversy. The aim of this review was to evaluate both sides of the argument surrounding saturated fat intake and CVD risk from the standpoint of dairy intake. Throughout the review, we examined observational studies on relationships between CVD risk and dairy consumption, dietary intervention studies using non-fat and whole-fat dairy, and mechanistic studies investigating physiological mechanisms of saturated fat intake that may help to explain increases in cardiovascular disease risk. Currently available data have demonstrated that whole-fat dairy is unlikely to augment hypertensive risk when added to the normal routine diet but may negatively impact CVD risk. In conclusion, whole-fat dairy may not be a recommended alternative to non- or low-fat dairy products as a mean to reduce hypertensive or overall CVD risk.
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- 2021
44. Advanced practice in physiotherapy: a global survey
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François Desmeules, Emma Stokes, Jeremy Lewis, Marguerite Wieler, Laura Finucane, Linda J. Woodhouse, and Andrews K. Tawiah
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Response rate (survey) ,030506 rehabilitation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Professional practice ,Expert group ,Clinical Practice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Professional association ,030212 general & internal medicine ,First World ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Physical Therapy Modalities ,Research evidence ,Confusion - Abstract
Introduction Advanced practice in physiotherapy represents a development in the practice of physiotherapy and has developed in different ways around the world. There is growing evidence to support advanced physiotherapy practice. In May 2019, the member organisations adopted the first World Physiotherapy policy on advanced practice in physiotherapy. However, to date, there is no evidence on the nature and extent of this practice globally. Objectives To investigate the extent to which advanced practice is present within the global physiotherapy community, to document the titles used, to describe the pathway to become an advanced physiotherapy practitioner and to investigate the barriers and facilitators to the development of the roles. Design An online cross-sectional survey was sent to the various national associations of the World Physiotherapy. Participants Participants were the member organisations (MOs) of World Physiotherapy. Instrument The survey comprised 14 questions. The questions were developed based on a review of the evidence around advanced practice and in-depth discussions with the expert group set up by World Physiotherapy. Results A total of 82/112 MOs responded to the survey representing a 73% response rate. Fourteen respondents (14/82, 17%) indicated that they had formal roles in their country/territory. The terms specialist and advanced physiotherapy practitioner were often used interchangeably and were a source of confusion. Seventy-nine (11/14, 79%) percent stated that most advanced physiotherapy practitioners have a combination of clinical practice and a Master’s or Doctoral degree. The major facilitators to the development and sustainability of the role were the research evidence, advocacy by the professional organisation, the need to reduce cost and the support received by the advanced physiotherapy practitioners from their employers. Conclusion The outcomes of this study provide a clearer understanding of how member organisations of World Physiotherapy defined advanced practice in physiotherapy and what titles are used. It provides insights into the barriers and facilitators to the development of advanced practice in physiotherapy.
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- 2021
45. Turning points in the educational pathways of young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Sweden
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Shruti Taneja-Johansson
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Turning point ,medicine.disease ,Psychology ,Psychiatry ,Education ,Research evidence - Abstract
There is considerable research evidence demonstrating the risk of adverse educational and other life outcomes for people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little insight int...
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- 2021
46. Making space for children’s agency with playful learning
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Sara T. Baker, Janina Eberhart, and Soizic Le Courtois
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Aesthetics ,Agency (sociology) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Playful learning ,Early childhood ,Space (commercial competition) ,Psychology ,Education ,Research evidence - Abstract
Playful learning has garnered supporters and research evidence, and also can be seen as nebulous and, therefore, reliant on practitioners’ intuitions in early education settings. In this paper, we ...
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- 2021
47. Understanding and intervening in the personal challenges and social relationships risk categories to early leaving
- Author
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Joaquín Gairín Sallán and Patricia Olmos Rueda
- Subjects
Risk category ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Public Administration ,Orientation (mental) ,Social relationship ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Education ,Research evidence - Abstract
Early leaving studies demonstrate it is possible to improve young people’s opportunities through education and training. The current research evidence has yet to agree a definitive answer as to whe...
- Published
- 2021
48. Pharmaceutical and Energy-Based Management of Sexual Problems in Women
- Author
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Alexandra Siegal and Barbara M. Chubak
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Female sexual dysfunction ,medicine.disease ,Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,Sexual dysfunction ,Pharmacotherapy ,Vasoactive ,Medicalization ,Energy based ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Neurostimulation ,Physical Therapy Modalities ,Research evidence - Abstract
This article summarizes and critiques the evidence for use of available pharmacotherapies (vasoactive, psychoactive, and hormonal medications) and energy-based therapies (laser, radiofrequency, shockwave, and neurostimulation) for treatment of female sexual dysfunction. The enthusiasm with which energy-based treatments for sexual dysfunction have been adopted is disproportionate to the amount of data currently available to support their clinical use. Pharmacotherapy for female sexual dysfunction has considerably more research evidence to justify its use. Patients must be empowered to make an informed, autonomous determination as to whether the risk/reward ratio favors the use of pharmacotherapy, energy-based therapy, or some other treatment intervention.
- Published
- 2021
49. Essential skills for using research evidence in public health policy: a systematic review
- Author
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Élodie Courant, Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux, Pierre Gignac, and Saliha Ziam
- Subjects
business.industry ,Political science ,Public relations ,business ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Public health policy ,Research evidence - Abstract
Background: Decisions related to the development and implementation of public health programmes or policies can benefit from more effective use of the best available knowledge. However, decision makers do not always feel sufficiently equipped or may lack the capacity to use evidence. This can lead them to overlook or set aside research results that could be relevant to their practice area. Aims and objectives: The objective of this systematic review was to synthesise the essential skills that facilitate the use of research evidence by public health decision makers. Methods: Thirty-nine articles that met our inclusion criteria were included. An inductive approach was used to extract data on evidence-informed decision-making-related skills and data were synthesised as a narrative review. Findings: The analysis revealed three categories of skills that are essential for evidence-informed decision-making process: interpersonal, cognitive, and leadership and influencing skills. Such cross-sectoral skills are essential for identifying, obtaining, synthesising, and integrating sound research results into the decision-making process. Discussion and conclusions: The results of this systematic review will help direct capacity-building efforts towards enhancing research evidence use by public health decision makers, such as developing different types of training that would be relevant to their needs. Also, when considering the evidence-informed decision-making skills development, there are several useful and complementary approaches to link research most effectively to action. On one hand, it is important not only to support decision makers at the individual level through skills development, but also to provide them with a day-to-day environment that is conducive to evidence use.
- Published
- 2021
50. Translating Emergency Knowledge for Kids (TREKK): using research evidence to improve outcomes for children and families in emergency departments across Canada
- Author
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Lisa Knisley, Shannon MacPhee, Terry P. Klassen, David W. Johnson, Doug Sinclair, Sarah Reid, Matthieu Vincent, Mona Jabbour, Shannon D. Scott, Eddy Lang, Lisa Hartling, and Antonia S Stang
- Subjects
Canada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Evidence-based practice ,business.industry ,Public health ,Pediatrics ,Knowledge translation ,Family medicine ,Emergency ,Commentary ,Emergency Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Knowledge mobilization ,Child ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business ,Evidence-based ,Research evidence - Published
- 2021
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