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Background: This study introduced a novel approach for predicting occupational injury severity by leveraging deep learning-based text classification techniques to analyze unstructured narratives. Unlike conventional methods that rely on structured data, our approach recognizes the richness of information within injury narrative descriptions with the aim of extracting valuable insights for improved occupational injury severity assessment., Methods: Natural language processing (NLP) techniques were harnessed to preprocess the occupational injury narratives obtained from the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) from January 2015 to June 2023. The methodology involved meticulous preprocessing of textual narratives to standardize text and eliminate noise, followed by the innovative integration of Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Global Vector (GloVe) word embeddings for effective text representation. The proposed predictive model adopts a novel Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) architecture and is further refined through model optimization, including random search hyperparameters and in-depth feature importance analysis. The optimized Bi-LSTM model has been compared and validated against other machine learning classifiers which are naïve Bayes, support vector machine, random forest, decision trees, and K-nearest neighbor., Results: The proposed optimized Bi-LSTM models' superior predictability, boasted an accuracy of 0.95 for hospitalization and 0.98 for amputation cases with faster model processing times. Interestingly, the feature importance analysis revealed predictive keywords related to the causal factors of occupational injuries thereby providing valuable insights to enhance model interpretability., Conclusion: Our proposed optimized Bi-LSTM model offers safety and health practitioners an effective tool to empower workplace safety proactive measures, thereby contributing to business productivity and sustainability. This study lays the foundation for further exploration of predictive analytics in the occupational safety and health domain., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 Khairuddin et al.)

Implementation of outdoor photobioreactors has been challenged by an extremely oversaturated daily peak of solar irradiance. This study aims to understand the role of column size and paranet shading as well as to investigate the most convenient light control in outdoor cyanobacterial culture. The photobioreactor (PBR) consisted of plastic columns with a diameter of 12.74 cm (PBRd-20) and 31.85 cm (PBRd-50) laid outdoors and inclined at 158.22° upwards against solar radiation, while paranet shading was provided at 0%, 50%, 70%, and 90% shading capacity. A semi-continuous culture of cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis was conducted for 6 weeks with weekly monitoring of the growth parameter as well as the proximate and pigments content, while the daily irradiance and culture maximum temperature were recorded. The result shows that the column diameter of 12.74 cm had a lethal risk of 44.7% and this decreased to 10.5% by widening the column diameter to 31.85 cm. This lethal risk can be eliminated by the application of a paranet at a 50% reduction level for the column diameter of 31.85 cm and a 70% reduction level for the column diameter of 12.74 cm. The highest culture productivity of 149.03 mg/(L·day) was achieved with a PBRd-20 with 50% shading treatment, but a PBRd-50 with 90% shading treatment led to an increase in the protein and phycocyanin content by 66.7% and 14.91%, respectively.

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of HCWs infected with COVID-19 and factors associated with healthcare-associated infection. A cross-sectional study, using secondary data of COVID-19 HCW cases from a registry developed by the Occupational and Environmental Health Unit (OEHU) in Kedah State Health Department, Malaysia, was analysed using Excel and STATA version 14.0. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were conducted to identify the factors for healthcare-associated COVID-19 infection. A total of 1679 HCWs tested positive for COVID-19 between 1 January 2021 and 19 September 2021. The infection was mainly non-healthcare-associated (67.0%), with healthcare-associated cases contributing to only 33% of the cases. The significant factors associated with healthcare-associated transmission were the following: doctor (aOR = 1.433; 95% CI = 1.044, 1.968), hospital setting (aOR = 1.439; 95% CI = 1.080, 1.917), asymptomatic (aOR = 1.848; 95% CI = 1.604, 2.130), incompletely or not vaccinated (aOR = 1.400; 95% CI = 1.050, 1.866) and CT-value ≥ 30 (aOR = 2.494; 95% CI = 1.927, 3.226). Identifying factors of healthcare-associated infection would help in planning control measures preventing healthcare-associated transmission in the workplace. However, more than half of COVID-19 cases among HCWs involved non-healthcare-associated COVID-19 infection, and, thus, requires further study to identify high-risk behaviours.

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Natural herbs and molecular therapy can be used to treat cervical cancer. The Myc and Wee1 control tumour cell fate and microenvironmental changes like angiogenesis activation and host immune response suppression. The study aims to know about the correlation of Myc and Wee1 expressions as a molecular therapy given by &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; There are five rat groups: Group K&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; is the untreated group, Group K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; is the rats injected with benzopyrene, Group P&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is the administration of &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; 100 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; b.wt., Group P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is the administration of &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; 200 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; b.wt. and Group P&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; is the administration of &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; 400 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; b.wt. The rats are dissected 30 days after receiving &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt;. To stain the cervical tissues, immunohistochemistry is performed. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; administration caused epithelial thickening and decreased Myc expression in previously uncontrolled carcinomas from untreated malignancies, which now slowed and stopped growing into the normal epithelium. Wee1 expression revealed that this herb could repair tissue by drastically reducing Wee1 expression at a dose of 100-400 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; b.wt. Similarly, at the highest dose, cervical carcinoma stops growing and the nucleus begins to form normally (p<0.01). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The higher Myc expression on andaliman administration in cervical carcinoma decreases Wee1 expression in cervical carcinoma so these two proteins have a strong and significant correlation. &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; can be administered at various dosages to lower the number of positive indexes of Myc and Wee1 expression in cervical carcinoma.

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death for women in the world and Indonesia. This disease originates from a malignant tumour of squamous epithelial cells caused by infection with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Antioxidants can reduce oxidative stress in and there are plants from Indonesia that have high antioxidants, namely andaliman (&lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt;). This study aimed to analyze the role of andaliman on PI3K and Wnt signalling in cervical cancer histology. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The study includes 5 treatments. The control group (K-), rats cancer model (K+), rats cancer model+the dose is 100 mg/b.wt. of ZAM (P&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;), rats cancer model+the dose is 200 mg/b.wt. of ZAM (P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and rats cancer model+the dosage is 400 mg/b.wt. ZAM (P&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). On the 30th day after ZAM administration, the rats were dissected for the paraffin block and Wnt and PI3K immunohistochemical staining was prepared. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; There was a significant difference between all groups (p<0.001) in Wnt and PI3K expression. The real role of ZAM in cervical cancer tissue was seen at the highest ZAM dose (P&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). Irregular mucosal folds and stretched interstitial connective tissue in the K+ group can return to regularity and improve at the P&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; dose. The administration of ZAM showed a significant difference in cervical tissue after benzopyrene injection. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Andaliman (&lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt;) extract increases PI3K expression through suppression of Wnt expression. It can be developed therapy molecularly to prevent cell growth into cancer.