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Objective: To examine the presence of body image concerns, drive for muscularity, and disordered eating behaviors in collegiate student-athletes. Participants: One hundred and one NCAA Division I student-athletes participated in Phase I; 15 of these also participated in Phase II. Methods: This study employed a mixed method, sequential explanatory design. Participants first completed survey measures assessing body image concern, drive for muscularity, and eating behaviors. These results influenced open-ended, semi-structured interviews, which were thematically analyzed. Results: Body image and disordered eating behaviors were of greater concern than drive for muscularity. Student-athletes reported engaging in eating behaviors as opposed to not eating, yet these eating behaviors trended toward disordered behaviors such as obsessive "healthy eating" or orthorexia. Conclusions: This study took a novel methodological approach to examining student-athlete body image and eating behaviors. Results emphasize the need for further support and education for student-athletes around body image and eating behaviors.

Online courses have become common in leisure studies and recreation education university programs, yet little is known about online instruction in this field, especially in courses about human diversity. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is (1) to discuss literature relevant to online courses about human diversity broadly, and in a leisure studies and recreation education context specifically, and (2) to discuss key findings from implementation of an online course about leisure behavior and human diversity. We take a key interest in the effectiveness of community-engaged learning as a teaching and learning tool. Using a case study approach, we systematically evaluated two courses to inform our course improvement. Students reported what they learned, elements of the course that contributed to their learning, and changes that would enhance their learning. We discuss key course components, our revisions, and provide suggestions for creating high-quality online courses about leisure behavior and human diversity.

The presence of women in male-dominated settings, such as outdoor adventure recreation, is received with suspicion, whereby they must demonstrate competence before they are accepted and treated as being equal to men. This multiple case study examined four female professional outdoor athletes to explore experiences of gender discrimination in their professional interactions and their response to those experiences. The athletes experienced disparate treatment and each articulated distinct and clear examples of overt discrimination. In response to this discrimination, the athletes downplayed their experiences and indicated they could or should have managed these situations better and described how they took it upon themselves to adapt to the "reality" of being a woman in the professional ranks of outdoor recreation. While the athletes' responses conform to broad cultural expectations, they warrant additional investigation and exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the presence of body image concerns, drive for muscularity, and disordered eating behaviors in collegiate student-athletes. One hundred and one NCAA Division I student-athletes participated in Phase I; 15 of these also participated in Phase II. This study employed a mixed method, sequential explanatory design. Participants first completed survey measures assessing body image concern, drive for muscularity, and eating behaviors. These results influenced open-ended, semi-structured interviews, which were thematically analyzed. Body image and disordered eating behaviors were of greater concern than drive for muscularity. Student-athletes reported engaging in eating behaviors as opposed to not eating, yet these eating behaviors trended toward disordered behaviors such as obsessive "healthy eating" or orthorexia. This study took a novel methodological approach to examining student-athlete body image and eating behaviors. Results emphasize the need for further support and education for student-athletes around body image and eating behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic may have altered visitation patterns to parks, with potential effects on human health. Little is known about park use early in the pandemic, how park availability influenced use, and whether park visits accelerated COVID-19 spread. Using weekly cell phone location data for 620 U.S. counties, we show park visits decreased by an average 26% between March 15 and May 9, 2020. Net of weekly trends, park visits were 2.2% lower when stay-at-home orders were in effect, yet increased by 8.4% with school closures and 4.4% with business closures. Park visits decreased less during the pandemic in counties where park availability was high. Levels of park visits were not associated with COVID-19 growth rate or incidence in the following weeks. Thus, parks served as recreation and leisure outlets when schools and businesses closed, especially where parks were more available, with no evidence of park use increasing COVID-19 spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]