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Abstract. Historical time series of surface temperature and ocean heat content changesare commonly used metrics to diagnose climate change and estimate propertiesof the climate system. We show that recent trends, namely the slowing ofsurface temperature rise at the beginning of the 21st century and theacceleration of heat stored in the deep ocean, have a substantial impact onthese estimates. Using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Earth SystemModel (MESM), we vary three model parameters that influence the behavior ofthe climate system: effective climate sensitivity (ECS), the effective oceandiffusivity of heat anomalies by all mixing processes (Kv), and the netanthropogenic aerosol forcing scaling factor. Each model run is compared toobserved changes in decadal mean surface temperature anomalies and the trendin global mean ocean heat content change to derive a joint probabilitydistribution function for the model parameters. Marginal distributions forindividual parameters are found by integrating over the other two parameters.To investigate how the inclusion of recent temperature changes affects ourestimates, we systematically include additional data by choosing periods thatend in 1990, 2000, and 2010. We find that estimates of ECS increase inresponse to rising global surface temperatures when data beyond 1990 areincluded, but due to the slowdown of surface temperature rise in the early21st century, estimates when using data up to 2000 are greater than when dataup to 2010 are used. We also show that estimates of Kv increase inresponse to the acceleration of heat stored in the ocean as data beyond 1990are included. Further, we highlight how including spatial patterns of surfacetemperature change modifies the estimates. We show that including latitudinalstructure in the climate change signal impacts properties with spatialdependence, namely the aerosol forcing pattern, more than properties definedfor the global mean, climate sensitivity, and ocean diffusivity.

A theoretical line list for |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| CoYuTe-15 is presented based on the empirical potential energy and ab initio dipole moments surfaces developed and used for the production of the ExoMol line list CoYuTe for |$^{14}$| NH |$_3$|⁠. The ro-vibrational energy levels and wavefunctions are computed using the variational program trove. The line list ranges up to 10 000 cm |$^{-1}$| (⁠|$\lambda \ge 1$| μ m) and contains 929 795 249 transitions between 1 269 961 states with |$J\le 30$|⁠. The line list should be applicable for temperatures up to |$\sim$| 1000 K. To improve the accuracy of the line positions, a set of experimentally derived energy levels of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| is produced using the marvel (Measured Active Rotation Vibration Energy Level) procedure. To this end, 37 experimental sources of the line positions of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| available in the literature are collected, combined, and systematized to produce a self-consistent spectroscopic network of 21 095 |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| transitions covering 40 vibrational bands ranging up to 6818 cm |$^{-1}$| and resulting in 2777 energy term values. These marvel energies are then used to replace the theoretical values in the CoYuTe-15 line list and also complemented by pseudo- marvel energies obtained by an isotopologue extrapolation using the previously reported marvel energies of the |$^{14}$| NH |$_3$| parent isotopologue of ammonia. A list of 53 856 high-resolution transitions between marvel states and theoretical intensities is provided in the HITRAN format. Comparison with the recent experimental spectra of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| illustrate the potential of the line list for detections and as an efficient assistant in spectroscopic assignments. The line list is available from www.exomol.com. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate the enhancement in sensitivity of half Wheatstone bridge configurated magneto-resistive sensors with a design of the magnetic flux guide. The efficacy of our flux guide design, in comparison to the conventional micro-magnetic flux concentrator for improving the flux gain, is studied using finite element method and verified with the experimental result. We observed a sensitivity of 260%/mT for our half Wheatstone bridge sensor with a very small coercivity of 0.01 mT at room temperature. Our work will contribute to paving a road map for mass production of sensitive magneto-resistive sensors with small footprints (2.5 mm2 in this study). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New ExoMol line lists AloHa for aluminium hydride (AlH and AlD) are presented improving the previous line lists WYLLoT. The revision is motivated by the recent experimental measurements and astrophysical findings involving the highly excited rotational states of AlH in its A 1Π − X 1Σ+ system. A new high-resolution emission spectrum of 10 bands from the A 1Π − X 1Σ+ system of AlD, in the region 17 300–32 000 cm−1 was recorded with a Fourier transform spectrometer, which probes the predissociative A 1Π v  = 2 state. The AlD new line positions are combined with all available experimental data on AlH and AlD to construct a comprehensive set of empirical rovibronic energies of AlH and AlD covering the X 1Σ+ and A 1Π electronic states using the MARVEL approach. We then refine the spectroscopic model WYLLoT to our experimentally derived energies using the nuclear-motion code Duo and use this fit to produce improved line lists for 27AlH, 27AlD, and 26AlH with a better coverage of the rotationally excited states of A 1Π in the predissociative energy region. The lifetimes of the predissociative states are estimated and are included in the line list using the new ExoMol data structure, alongside the temperature-dependent continuum contribution to the photoabsorption spectra of AlH. The new line lists are shown to reproduce the experimental spectra of both AlH and AlD well, and to describe the AlH absorption in the recently reported Proxima Cen spectrum, including the strong predissociative line broadening. The line lists are included into the ExoMol data base www.exomol.com. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general expression derived previously (A.P. Kouzov, J.V. Buldyreva, A.V. Sokolov, J. Chem. Phys. 149, 044305 (2018)) for the frequency‐dependent rotational relaxation matrix describing collisions of linear molecules is put into an energy‐corrected‐sudden (ECS) form convenient for spectra modeling. The translational interaction spectral functions characterizing the intracollisional dynamics and determining the relaxation matrix elements are factorized into a frequency‐dependent and an anisotropy ranks‐dependent parts. The particular case of isotropic Raman Q‐branch enables to establish connections of these parts with the adiabaticity factor accounting for the molecular rotation during the collision and the bimolecular relaxation rates, respectively. Analyses of these rates allow suggesting their realistic exponential‐polynomial model representations with a few adjustable parameters determined from fits on experimentally available Qiso line widths. Thanks to the universal character of the non‐Markovian approach, the same parameters enable realistic computations of N2 anisotropic Raman spectra up to very far spectral wings and without any additional parameter with respect to the Markovian ECS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical line list for |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| CoYuTe-15 is presented based on the empirical potential energy and ab initio dipole moments surfaces developed and used for the production of the ExoMol line list CoYuTe for |$^{14}$| NH |$_3$|⁠. The ro-vibrational energy levels and wavefunctions are computed using the variational program trove. The line list ranges up to 10 000 cm |$^{-1}$| (⁠|$\lambda \ge 1$| μ m) and contains 929 795 249 transitions between 1 269 961 states with |$J\le 30$|⁠. The line list should be applicable for temperatures up to |$\sim$| 1000 K. To improve the accuracy of the line positions, a set of experimentally derived energy levels of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| is produced using the marvel (Measured Active Rotation Vibration Energy Level) procedure. To this end, 37 experimental sources of the line positions of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| available in the literature are collected, combined, and systematized to produce a self-consistent spectroscopic network of 21 095 |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| transitions covering 40 vibrational bands ranging up to 6818 cm |$^{-1}$| and resulting in 2777 energy term values. These marvel energies are then used to replace the theoretical values in the CoYuTe-15 line list and also complemented by pseudo- marvel energies obtained by an isotopologue extrapolation using the previously reported marvel energies of the |$^{14}$| NH |$_3$| parent isotopologue of ammonia. A list of 53 856 high-resolution transitions between marvel states and theoretical intensities is provided in the HITRAN format. Comparison with the recent experimental spectra of |$^{15}$| NH |$_3$| illustrate the potential of the line list for detections and as an efficient assistant in spectroscopic assignments. The line list is available from www.exomol.com. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]