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Copyright of Revista Sustinere is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The following article seeks to reflect on the prison territory as a field of pedagogical intervention to develop university extension proposals with a gender perspective, located at the National University of La Plata, Argentina. The reflections arise as part of the teaching work in the postgraduate course "Education in prisons. Contributions to build politicalpedagogical strategies for educational intervention with a gender perspective" aimed at U NLP graduate extension agents and teachers, within the framework of the Teacher Training and Update Program. The educational space sought to address the mainstreaming of the gender perspective as a starting point to develop pedagogical strategies that allow the problematization and eradication of violence, inequalities and gender stereotypes in the prison environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The World Health Organization estimates that currently available vaccines prevent 2 to 3 million deaths worldwide each year. Preventing infectious diseases is an important public health priority to ensure healthy ageing and improve quality of life. This study's aim is to identify the best strategies to increase vaccination coverage in the elderly. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out, including a bibliographic search in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies in older people (60 years or older) on any type of intervention aimed at increasing vaccination coverage were included. The effect of the intervention was measured using the odds ratio (OR). Results: After applying the selection criteria, 20 studies were identified: 17 on influenza vaccines and 3 on other vaccines. Educational strategies obtained an OR = 1.63 (95% CI: 1.22–2.19, I 2 = 0.59). Medical counselling obtained an OR = 3.13 (95% CI: 0.60–16.37, I 2 = 0.95). Writing strategies obtained an OR = 1.14 (95% CI: 0.99–1.32, I 2 = 0.93). Few studies reported the effect of free vaccination. Conclusions: The educational strategies proved to be more effective than the others in this study. Free vaccination and age may have important roles. Further studies are needed as research in this area remains limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research has been developed through a literature review on the importance of and current approach in the education system to the present environmental and ecosystemic crisis and the training of future generations in degrowth in the Spanish education system. To this end, a systematic literature review (SLR) has been carried out following the standards of the PRISMA declaration. In total, 40 articles published between January 2005 and March 2024 were selected from the following databases: Scopus, Dialnet, Web of Science and Scielo. The findings show it is a relevant topic in school education as a concern, but it is not reflected in educational practice; that it has been incorporated into the curriculum, but sporadically, decontextualised and more focused on 'sustainable development'; also, it lacks critical questioning of the unlimited growth and consumption model that capitalism entails. The study concludes that it is crucial to incorporate degrowth in a transversal way in education at all schooling levels, and to reform the curricula of the faculties of education in all universities so that the pedagogy of degrowth is a priority in the training of future teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Health literacy (HL) is a key determinant of health-related behaviors and may play a crucial role in preventing obesity. This study investigates to determine body mass index (BMI) status of female adolescent and its association with HL. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1117 female adolescents aged 12-17 in schools of Tabriz, Iran in 2022. Sampling method was multi-stage clustered random sampling. HL was assessed using the HELMA questionnaire, and BMI was calculated using height and weight measurements. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis by SPSS software version 16. The level of significance was considered <0.05. Results: The mean HL score was 165.42 (26.42) (Range score: 44-205), indicating relatively adequate level of HL. However, 24.2% of the participants had inadequate or insufficient HL. 18.4% of students were overweight and 6.3% were obese. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, father's education, mother's education and HL were significantly associated with obesity/overweight in girls (P<0.2). In the multivariable logistic regression model, girls with inadequate HL had 1.87 times higher odds of obesity/overweight compared to those with excellent HL (P=0.04, OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.12-3.14). Conclusion: This study found a significant negative association between HL and BMI among female adolescents. Interventions to improve HL can be considered as an effective strategy for preventing obesity and overweight in this population group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controlled Human Infection Models (CHIS) involve administering human pathogens to healthy participants in controlled medical settings, which can elicit complex bioethical issues. Understanding how the community perceives such studies can significantly increase the participant's sense of cooperation and increases the researcher's and the participant's transparency. The current study describes the development of an educational intervention to achieve these ends as it aims to (1) analyze perceptions of the Controlled Human Infection Studies (CHIS), and (2) evaluate the participants' comprehension of the CHIS. Methods: This is a qualitative action research that includes the development of an educational intervention with residents of a rural area in Minas Gerais, Brazil, where there is continuous natural transmission of the human pathogen Necator americanus ("hookworm"). In this area, it is intended to carry out a proposed phase 3 vaccine clinical trial in the future to test the efficacy of hookworm vaccines using controlled human infection. Two data collection strategies were used: an educational intervention and a focus group. Results: The participants' perceptions showed distinct perspectives on CHIS. On one side, they recognized that the investigation is essential for the community, but on the other side, they thought that there would be resistance to its conduct by fear of infection. The idea that the study would generate a benefit for the greater good, contributing to the prevention of hookworm infection, was clearly stated. The participants perceived that the study offered concrete risks that could be reduced by constant monitoring by the researchers. They also mentioned the importance of access to information and the positive influence those who express interest in participating in the study can exert in the community. In relation to comprehension the participants memorized the information, mobilized it to explain everyday situations and created strategies to disseminate the study and engage the community in its development. By repeating and making sense of the information, the participant not only assimilates the knowledge transmitted, but also creates new knowledge. Conclusion: We concluded that an educational process of discussion and dialogue around participants' perceptions about the CHIS, promotes understanding and allows ways to disseminate information about the research to be collectively created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A few studies are emerging to explore the issue of how aging promotes emotional response inhibition. However, there is a lack of empirical study concerning the impact of pathological cognitive impairment on emotional response inhibition. The present study investigated the effect of emotion on response inhibition in people with mild cognitive impairment, the stage of cognitive impairment before dementia. Methods: We used two emotional stop-signal tasks to explore whether the dual competition framework considering limited cognitive resources could explain the relationship between emotion and response inhibition in mild cognitive impairment. Results: The results showed that negative emotions prolonged N2 latency. The Go trial accuracy was reduced in the high-arousal negative conditions and the stop-signal reaction time was prolonged under high-arousal conditions. This study also verified impaired response inhibition in mild cognitive impairment and found that negative emotions prolonged P3 latency in mild cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Emotional information interferes with response inhibition in mild cognitive impairment populations, possibly because emotional information captures more attentional resources, thus interfering with response inhibition that relies on common-pool resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information on malnutrition for school‐age children and adolescents (5–19 years) in South Asia is fragmented and inconsistent, which limits the prioritization of nutrition policies, programmes and research for this age group. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the burden of malnutrition for children and adolescents aged 5–19 years in South Asia, and on interventions to improve their nutritional status. Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline and Google Scholar were systematically searched for articles published between January 2016 and November 2022. Eligible studies reported the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight/obesity, micronutrient deficiencies and unhealthy dietary intakes, and interventions that aimed to address these in South Asia. In total, 296 articles met our inclusion criteria. Evidence revealed widespread, yet heterogeneous, prevalence of undernutrition among South Asian children and adolescents: thinness (1.9%–88.8%), wasting (3%–48%), underweight (9.5%–84.4%) and stunting (3.7%–71.7%). A triple burden of malnutrition was evident: the prevalence of overweight and obesity ranged from 0.2% to 73% and 0% to 38% (with rapidly rising trends), respectively, alongside persistent micronutrient deficiencies. Diets often failed to meet nutritional requirements and high levels of fast‐food consumption were reported. Education, fortification, supplementation and school feeding programmes demonstrated beneficial effects on nutritional status. Comprehensive and regular monitoring of all forms of malnutrition among children and adolescents, across all countries in South Asia is required. Further, more large‐scale intervention research is needed to ensure policy and programmes effectively target and address malnutrition among children and adolescents in South Asia. Key messages: A triple burden of malnutrition (undernutrition, overweight/obesity and micronutrient deficiencies) is affecting children and adolescents (5–19 years) in South Asia, with heterogeneity within, and between, countries.In most countries, nationally representative data on the nutritional status of children and adolescents is absent and should be prioritized.Interventions targeting children and adolescents are primarily limited to small‐scale trials and focused predominantly on undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies despite rapidly rising rates of overweight and obesity.Further research is needed to inform the scalability and sustainability of nutrition interventions across different contexts and to understand the effectiveness of policies and programmes that address overnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Discharge Summary (DS) is a vital document for ongoing patient care. Poor quality of DS may lead to adverse events, medication errors, readmission, or unnecessary repetition of diagnostic work-ups. DSs provided by academic institutions may not meet expectations and, therefore, need to be evaluated. Aim: To improve the quality of DSs issued from the paediatric ward of a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective chart review was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Shree Krishna Hospital (a rural tertiary care teaching hospital), Karamsad, Gujarat, India, from May 2018 to May 2020. Thirty-three summaries were randomly selected from the last quarter (October to December) of each calendar year 2017, 2018, and 2019 (a total of 99 summaries), representing the pre-intervention, post-intervention, and retention phases, respectively. In the absence of a contextual paediatric DS assessment tool, a novel scoring system was developed to evaluate 33 components of the DS under seven broad domains. This scoring system was consensually validated. Residents responsible for preparing the DS were empowered in small groups. Peer audits of the summaries prepared by each resident were conducted on multiple occasions by consultants, followed by feedback highlighting areas for improvement. Review of the summaries by senior residents or consultants were promoted. Discussions on discharge processes were emphasised during ward rounds including important DS documentation points. The percentage mean±Standard Deviation (SD) domain scores and the total final score were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc comparisons by Scheffe's test using Statistics and Data (STATA) software version 14.2. Results: Out of 33 summaries from 2017, one patient file was not traceable at the time of the study, and reviews of 30 and 32 DSs could be reviewed for the years 2018 and 2019, respectively. The scoring tool demonstrated good inter-rater reliability. The mean±SD total % score was 78.50±8.23 in 2017, 85.48±8.91 in 2018, and 88.48±9.05 in 2019. There was a significant improvement (p-value=0.012) from 2017 to 2018. Domains such as history, physical examination, and discharge plan showed significant improvement, while the hospital course domain remained resistant to improvement. Conclusion: The DS score improved consecutively for both years. The quality of DSs prepared by residents in a teaching institute can be enhanced through education, audit feedback, and changes in the work system. These methods can be incorporated into postgraduate training to improve documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deprescribing aims to address the problem of medication overuse in older adults. There has been an increasing number of systematic reviews of 'deprescribing'. We aimed to describe the categories of trials included in recent systematic reviews, and to make recommendations for future research. We categorized 122 trials included in eight recent deprescribing systematic reviews into: discontinuation, deprescribing implementation, medication optimisation (including medication initiation) and non‐initiation trials. We identified heterogeneity and inconsistency in the categories of trials included in deprescribing systematic reviews. For example, 39 trials (32.0%) involved medication initiation in addition to the deprescribing component. It is now time for international researchers to develop and validate terminology used for trials involving discontinuation/deprescribing of medications, and to provide recommendations for evidence synthesis that will better inform future research, and translation into practice and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of British Journal of Sociology of Education is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs) are significant public health challenges that affect a variety of individuals and communities. Despite numerous efforts to discover and refine psychotherapy treatments to minimize STBs, the efficacy of STB treatments remains unclear. Objective: Conduct a scoping review to assess the efficacy of using psychotherapy treatments to minimize STBs among individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Method: A scoping review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines (PRISMA‐ScR) to screen 163 studies published between 2010 and 2021. Results: A total of seven articles that fulfil the eligibility criteria reported that psychotherapy treatments for obsessive–compulsive disorder were found to be effective and applicable approaches to minimize the severity of the OCD symptoms and STBs, despite variance in studies' target samples, types of interventions, periods and indicators. Conclusion: The current review has provided evidence showing the significant effects of psychotherapy treatments on various health‐related aspects of life for individuals diagnosed with obsessive–compulsive disorder, and it is recommended to use them for enhancing treatment outcomes and minimizing STBs. Implication for Practice: This scoping review verifies the formalization and incorporation of psychotherapy treatments for OCD to minimize STBs into standard practice and highlights the importance of mental health professionals being part of the implementation of these treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to know the opinions and attitudes of the Spanish population towards hate speech through a survey of 1,022 persons of both sexes and over 16 years of age. The results show a high awareness of hate speech: participants could identify these messages, assess their different intensities of severity, and understand the harm it causes. This high awareness may be because almost half of the sample has felt alluded to by these types of messages at some point. This group is more proactive in denouncing and counterattacking hate messages, although it is more frequent to remain on the sidelines. There is a hierarchy in the ratings in which racist and sexist comments are considered more severe than those directed at other minority groups (e.g., homeless people). Among the main reasons why people publish these expressions, participants point to the education of the authors, in particular, the rudeness and disrespect that are also perceived as a generalized aspect in today’s society. The polarized Spanish political context is seen as beneficial to the appearance of these messages, as well as the lack of a democratic culture that respects ideological diversity. What is most interesting is that although there is awareness of the seriousness of hate messages in other spheres and towards various groups, hate speech has become normalized in politics, as previously stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the changes in the strategies to stimulate self-concept used by teachers, that received training, in the academic self-concept of its students. A quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-application measures was used. A total of 36 secondary school teachers and 814 students participated. The program consisted of four months of workshop sessions and accompaniment in the classroom. It was found that changes in the teaching strategies mediated the effect of the intervention on students' self-concept. In addition, the change in the students' type of self-concept depended on the change in the teachers' specific strategies. In conclusion, the training program designed for stimulating academic self-concept was effective in promoting strategies in teachers that increased student's self-concept. Thus, it can be concluded that the intervention is an approachable methodology to support the development of self-concept, potentially impacting students' academic success. The findings contribute to the design of future interventions in school contexts for the improvement of students' self-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses of diverse etiologies have caused significant morbidity and mortality recently. In the past two decades, several viral zoonoses, such as Bird flu, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Hantavirus infection, Nipah virus disease, Rift Valley fever, Swine flu, West Nile fever, SARS, MERS, COVID-19 etc., have emerged from different parts of the world. The latest to the list is the "Monkey Pox", which has recently been renamed as "Mpox" by WHO. The ongoing 2022 multi-country outbreak of monkeypox is the largest in history to occur outside of Africa. Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease that for decades has been viewed as an infectious disease with significant epidemic potential because of the increasing occurrence of human outbreaks in recent years. With increasing case numbers being reported in the current outbreak, it is important for healthcare staff everywhere to update their knowledge of this zoonotic infection, including its prevention, clinical management, prophylaxis, and basics of infection control, to understand the broader implications of the current outbreak. We provide an overview of monkeypox virus infection to serve as a primer for healthcare staff who may encounter this condition in their practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is known and Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the primary reasons for hospitalization. The spontaneous reporting of ADRs by healthcare professionals is important for issuing post‐marketing drug safety measures. The Japanese Society of Hospital Pharmacists (JSHP) conducts a nationwide survey annually. Using data from this large‐scale survey, we identified the characteristics of hospitals that reported ADRs to regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies. Methods: Data were obtained from annual surveys conducted by JSHP from 2015 to 2020. All variables were expressed as categorical variables and tabulated. The Chi‐square test was used to compare the categorical variables. The Cochran–Armitage trend test was used to identify significant trends in the proportion of hospitals reporting ADRs. Results and Discussion: From 2015 to 2020, 22,362 responses were recorded. There was a significant increase in the proportion of hospitals that reported ADRs with an increase in number of beds and pharmacists (p < 0.0001). The proportion of hospitals reporting ADRs to regulatory authorities was also significantly higher in those charging an additional fee for pharmacist‐performed ward operations and in those with an ADR data management section than in hospitals without these attributes (p < 0.0001). What is new and Conclusion: Hospitals that submitted ADR reports to the regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies charged an additional fee for pharmacist‐performed ward operations, had a central ADR data management section, and had fewer beds per pharmacist. This trend was similar, regardless of the size of the hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]