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A total of 99 dual soundings with Meisei iMS-100 radiosonde and Vaisala RS92 radiosondes were carried out at the Aerological Observatory of the Japan Meteorological Agency, known as Tateno (36.06∘ N, 140.13∘ E, 25.2 m; the World Meteorological Organization, WMO, station number 47646), from September 2017 to January 2020. Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) data products (GDPs) from both sets of radiosonde data for 59 flights were subsequently created using a documented processing programme along with the provision of optimal estimates for measurement uncertainty. Differences in radiosonde performance were then quantified using these GDPs. For daytime observations, the iMS-100 temperature is around 0.5 K cooler than RS92-GDP in the stratosphere, with significant differences in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in consideration of combined uncertainties. For nighttime observations, the difference is around −0.1 K, and data are mostly in agreement. For relative humidity (RH), iMS-100 is around 1 % RH–2 % RH higher in the troposphere and 1 % RH smaller in the stratosphere than RS92, but both GDPs are in agreement for most of the profile. The mean pressure difference is ≤0.1 hPa, the wind speed difference is from −0.04 to +0.14 m s−1, the wind direction difference is ≤6.4∘, and the root mean square vector difference (RMSVD) for wind is ≤1.04 m s−1.

Observations of temperature and wind velocity in the 30–40-km altitude layer have been sparse since elimination of the standard rocketsonde sounding network in the 1990s. In an effort to extend the vertical range of radiosonde observations into the upper stratosphere, experiments were conducted with a 3-kg balloon at Tsukuba, Japan, on 5 November 2019. Using this relatively inexpensive balloon technology, four radiosondes were launched, with two reaching above 40-km altitude. These profiles were compared with satellite and reanalysis data in the 30–40-km layer, which showed an overall good agreement and an ability of radiosondes to capture shorter vertical-scale variations. The ability to quantify gravity wave parameters from the data is described, with application to wave events detected near 38–40 km. This type of balloon will be deployed extensively in an upcoming intensive observation campaign over the Maritime Continent, which will contribute toward achieving standard radiosonde observations in the 30–40-km altitude range. This system extends the ability to provide information regarding gravity wave and planetary wave activity upward to ∼40 km.

Background: Antiplatelet therapy following stent implantation in patients requiring oral anticoagulation (OAC) is controversial because triple therapy (i.e., dual antiplatelet therapy [DAPT] with OAC) is associated with a high risk of bleeding. Methods and Results: In this study, 21 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: prasugrel and warfarin (Prasugrel+OAC group); aspirin and warfarin (Aspirin+OAC group); prasugrel, aspirin, and warfarin group (Triple group); prasugrel and aspirin (Conventional DAPT group); and no medication (Control group). The treated groups were administered medication for 1 week. An arteriovenous shunt loop was established from the rabbit carotid artery to the jugular vein and 2 bare metal stents were deployed in a silicone tube. After 1 h of circulation, the volume of thrombi was evaluated quantitatively by measuring the amount of protein. Bleeding time was measured at the same time. The volume of the thrombus (amount of protein) around stent struts was lowest in the Triple group, followed by the Prasugrel+OAC and Conventional DAPT groups, and was highest in the Control group. Bleeding time was the longest in the Triple group, followed by the Aspirin+OAC, Prasugrel+OAC, Conventional DAPT, and Control groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that prasugrel with OAC may be a feasible antithrombotic regimen following stent implantation in patients who require OAC therapy.