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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease lacking a definite etiology, characterized by the nonspecific symptoms of dyspnea and dry cough. Due to its poor prognosis, imaging techniques play an essential role in diagnosing and managing IPF. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been shown to be the most sensitive modality for the diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. It is the primary imaging modality used for the assessment and follow-up of patients with IPF. Other not commonly used imaging methods are under research, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography are alternative imaging techniques. This literature review aims to provide a brief overview of the imaging of IPF-related alterations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imaging methods are fundamental tools to detect and diagnose lung diseases, monitor their treatment and detect possible complications. Each modality, starting from classical chest radiographs and computed tomography, as well as the ever more popular and easily available thoracic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine methods, and new techniques such as photon counting computed tomography, radiomics and application of artificial intelligence, has its strong and weak points, which we should be familiar with to properly choose between the methods and interpret their results. In this review, we present the indications, strengths and main limitations of methods for chest imaging., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: E.M. Grabczak is a current member of the Breathe editorial board. C.A. Ridge discloses that Cobalt Charity has provided her institution with an education grant to fund a fellow, she is the RSNA Image Wisely co-chair, a ECR Thoracic educational committee member, a European Society of Thoracic Imaging educational committee member and Lung Cancer Journal radiology editor. She is the Director of AI Radiology limited (radiology reporting services). Á.D. Tárnoki is the current chair of the ERS Imaging group. The other authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright ©ERS 2024.)