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This is a continuation of a previous study initiated by the third author on nonlocal vertex bialgebras and smash product nonlocal vertex algebras. In this paper, we study a notion of right H -comodule nonlocal vertex algebra for a nonlocal vertex bialgebra H and give a construction of deformations of vertex algebras with a right H -comodule nonlocal vertex algebra structure and a compatible H -module nonlocal vertex algebra structure. We also give a construction of ϕ -coordinated quasi modules for smash product nonlocal vertex algebras. As an example, we give a family of quantum vertex algebras by deforming the vertex algebras associated to non-degenerate even lattices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give an explicit realization of all irreducible modules in Chari's category \widetilde {\mathcal O} for the affine Kac-Moody algebra A_{1}^{(1)} by using the idea of free fields. We work on a much more general setting which also gives us explicit realizations of all simple weight modules for certain current algebra of \mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C}) with finite weight multiplicities, including the polynomial current algebra \mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C})\otimes \mathbb {C}[t], the loop algebra \mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C})\otimes \mathbb {C}[t,t^{-1}] and the three-point Lie algebra \mathfrak {sl}_2(\mathbb {C})\otimes \mathbb {C}[t,t^{-1},(t-1)^{-1}] arisen in the work by Kazhdan-Lusztig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, for an arbitrary Kac-Moody Lie algebra {\mathfrak g} and a diagram automorphism \mu of {\mathfrak g} satisfying certain natural linking conditions, we introduce and study a \mu-twisted quantum affinization algebra {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right) of {\mathfrak g}. When {\mathfrak g} is of finite type, {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right) is Drinfeld's current algebra realization of the twisted quantum affine algebra. When \mu =\mathrm {id} and {\mathfrak g} in affine type, {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right) is the quantum toroidal algebra introduced by Ginzburg, Kapranov and Vasserot. As the main results of this paper, we first prove a triangular decomposition for {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right). Second, we give a simple characterization of the affine quantum Serre relations on restricted {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right)-modules in terms of "normal order products". Third, we prove that the category of restricted {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right)-modules is a monoidal category and hence obtain a topological Hopf algebra structure on the "restricted completion" of {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right). Last, we study the classical limit of {\mathcal U}_\hbar \left (\hat {\mathfrak g}_\mu \right) and abridge it to the quantization theory of extended affine Lie algebras. In particular, based on a classification result of Allison-Berman-Pianzola, we obtain the \hbar-deformation of all nullity 2 extended affine Lie algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study nullity-2 toroidal extended affine Lie algebras in the context of vertex algebras and their ϕ-coordinated modules. Among the main results, we introduce a variant of toroidal extended affine Lie algebras, associate vertex algebras to the variant Lie algebras, and establish a canonical connection between modules for toroidal extended affine Lie algebras and ϕ-coordinated modules for these vertex algebras. Furthermore, by employing some results of Billig, we obtain an explicit realization of a class of irreducible modules for the variant Lie algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The composition of microtubules involving several steps, including the polymerization and depolymerization of α-tubulin and β-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubule-targeting agents can increase or inhibit microtubule polymerization, thereby disrupting the dynamic process and stalling cells in G2/M phase. Microtubule-targeting agents are generally cytotoxic, which neurological toxicity being one of the significant adverse events associated. We recently reported a novel 5-arylalkynyl-2-benzoyl thiophene (PST-3) that exhibited broad-spectrum cellular cytotoxicity and in vivo potency with high safety. PST-3 was a substrate of p-gp, which could not cross the blood-brain barrier and lead to less neurotoxicity. The antitumor activities in vitro demonstrated that PST-3 combined with the colchicine-binding site on microtubule, induces morphological changes, disrupts microtubule networks, inhibits polymerization of tubulin, arrests breast cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and induces apoptosis. Evaluation of the antitumor effect in vivo demonstrated that PST-3 elicited MDA-MB-468 tumor %T/C of 11.75%, whereas elicited MCF7 tumor %T/C of 44.38% in breast cancer xenograft models. Besides, in vivo experiments of a higher dose (60 mg/kg) of PST-3 treatment for 21 days did not produce any significant neurotoxicity. These results provide evidence that PST-3 might possess the potential to be developed into a new microtubule inhibitor without neurological toxicity., Competing Interests: None., (AJCR Copyright © 2022.)