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Antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferrimagnetic (FiM) thin films have burgeoning significance in memory and computing applications due to their robustness and ultrafast and energy-efficient switching dynamics. Mn3Ga features a multitude of spin orders that can be meticulously controlled with stoichiometry, temperature, and strain modulations. In this work, we have carefully designed three suitable stacks of Mn3Ga thin films on MgO (111), STO (111) and STO (111)/Ta substrates deposited across varying substrate temperatures up to 500°C. The delicate interplay of strain and temperature tuning is examined by characterizing their magnetic, crystallographic, and morphological properties. The FiM tetragonal τ-Mn3Ga and AF hexagonal ε-Mn3Ga phases display relatively low saturation magnetizations of 10–60 and ≤ 20 kA/m, respectively. No preferential in-plane or out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy is observed for both τ- and ε-Mn3Ga phases. Critically, we observed that the STO strain-regulated τ-phase is stabilized over a wider temperature window and provides more compact, uniformly dispersed grains with average grain size of ~ 100 nm. This work establishes a sturdy methodology in understanding Mn3Ga thin film growth for eventual AF- and FiM-based memory and computing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To elucidate an etiology in a case with persistent oligohydramnios by prenatal diagnosis and actively treat the case to achieve good prognosis. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of DNA from the fetus and parents. Serial amnioinfusions were conducted until birth. Pressors were required to maintain normal blood pressure. The infant angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) activity, angiotensin II (Ang II, a downstream product of ACE), and compensatory enzymes (CEs) activities were measured. Compensatory enzyme activities in plasma from age‐matched healthy controls were also detected. Results: We identified a fetus with a severe ACE mutation prenatally. The infant was born prematurely without pulmonary dysplasia. Hypotension and anuria resolved spontaneously. He had almost no ACE activity, but his Ang II level and CE activity exceeded the upper limit of the normal range and the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of controls, respectively. His renal function also largely recovered. Conclusion: Fetuses with ACE mutations can be diagnosed prenatally through WES. Serial amnioinfusion permits the continuation of pregnancy in fetal ACE deficiency. Compensatory enzymes for defective ACE appeared postnatally. Renal function may be spared by preterm delivery; furthermore, for postnatal vasopressor therapy to begin, improving renal perfusion pressure before nephrogenesis has been completed. Key points: What's already known about this topic? Genetic deficiency of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) causes profound chronic fetal hypotension oligohydramnios and renal failure. The vast majority of cases result in stillbirth or early neonatal death. What does this study add? We identified a fetus with a severe ACE mutation prenatally. He was treated with serial amnioinfusion. Compensatory enzymes (CEs) for defective ACE appeared postnatally. Renal function may be spared by preterm delivery; furthermore, for postnatal vasopressor therapy to begin, improving renal perfusion pressure before nephrogenesis has been completed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic skyrmions have emerged as promising elements for encoding information toward biomimetic computing applications due to their pseudoparticle nature and efficient coupling to spin currents. A key hindrance for skyrmionic devices is their instability against elongation at zero magnetic field (ZF). Prevailing materials approaches focused on tailoring skyrmion energetics have found ZF configurations to be highly sensitive, which imposes significant growth constraints and limits their device scalability. This work demonstrates that designer ZF skyrmion configurations can be robustly stabilized within chiral multilayer stacks by exploiting a duet of interlayer exchange couplings (IECs). Microscopic imaging experiments show that varying the two IECs enables the coarse and fine‐tuning of ZF skyrmion stability and density. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that the duo‐IEC approach is distinguished by its influence on the kinetics of skyrmion nucleation, in addition to the ability to tailor energetics, resulting in a substantially expanded parameter space, and enhanced stability for individual ZF skyrmions. This study underscores the importance of IEC as a means of stabilizing and controlling ZF skyrmions, paving the way to scalable skyrmion‐based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mn3Ga material is a promising candidate for memory and computing devices owing to its rich crystalline structures of tunable ferrimagnetic and collinear and non-collinear antiferromagnetic phases. In particular, Mn3Ga with non-collinear antiferromagnetic order exhibits giant anomalous and topological Hall conductivities and is a potential material platform for hosting spin-related quantum phenomena. In this study, we demonstrate Mn3Ga films grown on thermally oxidized Si substrates, with and without the Ta buffer, under different deposition temperatures (Ts). With increasing Ts, the dominant crystalline structure across all Mn3Ga films evolves from a cubic to hybrid tetragonal and hexagonal texture, wherein the crystalline orientation of spins endows the films with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. For Ta/Mn3Ga and Mn3Ga films grown under high Ts, the inhomogeneity in surface energy of the buffer layer results in a non-uniform granular film in the former. Notably, the Mn3Ga films of hexagonal texture exhibit topological Hall signatures. The density functional theory calculations on the hexagonal Mn3Ga phase corroborated with the experimental magnetic, structural, and transport properties. These findings establish an important platform for tailoring Mn3Ga films toward multifunctional applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring effective logistics machinery and equipment fault diagnosis and prediction technology to achieve efficient and stable operation of logistics machinery and equipment. In this paper, starting from the logistics machinery and equipment fault diagnosis technology, we optimize the hyperparameters of the recurrent gate unit neural network by using the improved second-order oscillatory particle swarm algorithm and then construct the IPSO-GRU logistics machinery and equipment fault prediction model. The IPSO-GRU model is used to test the prediction effect of the hydraulic lift table and logistics hoist by using the historical data of the hydraulic lift table as training data. The prediction accuracy of the IPSO-GRU model was improved by 6% compared with BP neural network. From the prediction results of the logistic hoist, only 6 out of 250 data samples failed to achieve accurate prediction. This shows that the IPSO-GRU model can effectively achieve the prediction of logistics machinery and equipment fault diagnosis and also provides a proven method for predictive maintenance of logistics equipment.

In this paper, the overall architecture design of the platform is proposed, and the data architecture and business architecture of the platform are discussed. On this basis, the logistics path planning method of digital collaboration is proposed, including the aspects of path demand splitting and distribution vehicle spatio-temporal network, and the demand splittable logistics path planning model is considered. Finally, the simulation of the workshop logistics dynamic scheduling example is designed, and the dynamic scheduling optimization results are analyzed and verified. The results show that: through optimization, its time penalty cost f1 = 801.38, the total distance traveled by the delivery trolley f2 = 1709m, and the total distance of empty load is 692.15 m, and the dispatching scheme increases the distance of empty load by 59 m . The research results of this paper can provide a reference for digital management and collaboration platform for civil aircraft manufacturing enterprises and provide a reference for research in related fields.

This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of neddylation in macrophage polarization during sepsis. A mouse model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). ELISA and Flow cytometry were performed to analyze the generation of pro-inflammatory factors and M1/M2 macrophage polarization, respectively. Western blotting was applied to detect NEDD8-mediated neddylation and glycolysis-related proteins. ECAR method was used to analyze the glycolysis level. HE staining was applied to detect the lung injury. The bacterial load in peritoneal cavity and peripheral blood was determined by counting the colony-forming units. The results showed the upregulated neddylation, M1 polarization and glycolysis of macrophage in patients with sepsis and CLP-challenged mice. NEDD8-mediated Cullin1 neddylation promoted M1 polarization and glycolysis to accelerate inflammation via NF-κB p65 pathway in E.coli-treated Raw264.7 cells. MLN4924 treatment alleviated sepsis by inhibiting neddylation to prevent M1 polarization in CLP-challenged mice. In summary, this study demonstrated that upregulation of NEDD8-mediated Cullin1 neddylation promotes glycolysis and M1 polarization of macrophage via NF-κB p65 pathway, accelerating inflammation in sepsis., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Objective: Cigarette smoking and low peripheral nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels are strongly associated with sleep disorders. However, whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NOS relates to sleep disorders and whether CSF NOS mediates the relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep disorders is unclear., Methods: We measured CSF levels of total NOS (tNOS) and its isoforms (inducible NOS [iNOS] and constitutive NOS [cNOS]) in 191 Chinese male subjects. We applied the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)., Results: The PSQI scores of active smokers were significantly higher than those of non-smokers, while CSF tNOS, iNOS, and cNOS were significantly lower (all p < 0.001). CSF tNOS, iNOS, and cNOS were negatively associated with PSQI scores in the general population (all p < 0.001). Mediation analysis suggested that CSF tNOS, iNOS, and cNOS mediate the relationship between smoking and PSQI scores, and the indirect effect accounted for 78.93%, 66.29%, and 81.65% of the total effect, respectively., Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is associated with sleep disorders. Active smokers had significantly lower CSF levels of tNOS, iNOS, and cNOS. Furthermore, tNOS, iNOS, and cNOS mediate the relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep quality. This study provides insights into how cigarette smoke affects sleep disorders., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests in this work., (© 2024 Lao et al.)