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Introduction: We compare real-world trends in population-level cigarette discontinuation rates among adults (ages ≥21) who smoked cigarettes, by electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use., Aims and Methods: U.S nationally representative data from adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013/14-2021, Waves 1-6) who smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days (P30D) were analyzed (n = 13 640). The exposure was P30D ENDS use. The outcome was P30D cigarette discontinuation at biennial follow-up. Weighted trend analyses were conducted to test for differences in cigarette discontinuation trends by ENDS use., Results: Between 2013/14 and 2015/16, cigarette discontinuation rates were both 16% for those who used ENDS and for those who did not; between 2018/19 and 2021, rates were ~30% for those who used ENDS and ~20% for those who did not; the time by ENDS use interaction was significant., Conclusions: The relationship between adults' ENDS use and cigarette discontinuation in the context of an expanded ENDS marketplace, new tobacco regulatory actions, and COVID-19 differs from the relationship in earlier years., Implications: It is important for public health decisions to be informed by research based on the contemporary ENDS marketplace and circumstances., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.)

Purpose: Limited information exists on multiple tobacco product use, particularly among youth. This study assessed the prevalence of current youth use of e-cigarettes with other tobacco products and their associated characteristics using 2020 National Youth Tobacco Survey data., Methods: Prevalence estimates were calculated for current e-cigarette users, by multiple tobacco product use status and product combination. Demographic characteristics, e-cigarette use behaviors, age at first combustible tobacco use, and tobacco dependence symptoms were compared between current users of both e-cigarettes and combustible tobacco (dual users) and current exclusive e-cigarette users., Results: In 2020, 61.1% of all current e-cigarette users reported exclusive e-cigarette use, and 38.9% used e-cigarettes with other tobacco products. Among those who used e-cigarettes with other tobacco products, 85.0% used combustible tobacco, with cigarettes being the most commonly used other tobacco product. Compared with current exclusive e-cigarette users, higher proportions of dual users reported the following: frequent e-cigarette use; obtaining e-cigarettes from gas stations, persons other than a family member/friend, vape shops, or the internet; and having any tobacco dependence symptoms. Among dual users, 31.2% reported first combustible product use after e-cigarette initiation, and 34.3% reported first combustible product use prior to e-cigarette initiation., Discussion: Approximately four in 10 youth current e-cigarette users reported using multiple tobacco products, with a majority using combustible tobacco. Frequent e-cigarette use and tobacco dependence symptoms were more prevalent among dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible tobacco., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.