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Aim: Assisted reproductive technique (ART) has emerged as the highest form of treatment for infertile couples. Transvaginal oocyte retrieval is currently performed under conscious sedation in most centers. Since it is a relatively painful procedure, a number of adjuvant therapies have been tried to improve pain relief during the procedure. Music therapy is a nonpharmacological technique that has been successfully used for pain relief in perioperative and chronic pain of malignancy. However, studies evaluating its usefulness in ART‐related procedures are limited. We evaluated the effectiveness of music therapy as an adjuvant for pain relief during oocyte retrieval. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted at a tertiary level teaching hospital in South India from September 2020 to March 2021. All women undergoing transvaginal oocyte retrieval were randomized to receive either music therapy along with conscious sedation (Group A) or conscious sedation alone (Group B). The primary outcome was postprocedure pain score assessed by the visual analog scale. Secondary outcomes included anxiety score. Results: A total of 109 women were randomized into Group A (54 women) and Group B (55 women). The postprocedure pain score was comparable between the two study groups (6.0, interquartile range [IQR] 4 to 6 vs. 6.0, IQR 4 to 6; p = 0.69). However, anxiety levels were found to be significantly lower in women who were offered music therapy (3.0, IQR 1 to 5 vs. 4.0, IQR 3 to 6; p = 0.004). Conclusion: The use of music therapy as an adjuvant to conscious sedation was found to have no significant benefit in pain relief during oocyte retrieval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted on indigenous Tharparkar cow ( Bos indicus ) to evaluate FSH stimulation on follicular attributes, oocyte recovery and morpho-molecular developmental competence parameters concerning oocyte quality. A total of 20 OPU sessions were performed, which included 10 sessions in each FSH stimulated at the dose of 130 µg divided into four sub-doses and non-stimulated. Findings on the size of follicles having ≥6 mm showed a significantly higher, however an opposite trend was observed in the case of smaller sized follicle (<6 mm) between stimulated and non-stimulated respectively. The stimulated cows had a significantly higher number as well as the percentage of oocytes of Grade A, having a diameter ≥120 µm and BCB +VE as compared to the non-stimulated cows. The relative mRNA expression profile of GDF9, BMP15, PCNA and BCL-2 genes was higher and BAX was lower in the FSH-stimulated cow. These results indicated that FSH stimulation before OPU in Bos indicus cows has a significant impact on follicle size, oocyte yield, recovery, and their quality with respect to COC's, diameter and BCB +VE oocytes. Further, a significant increase in the relative mRNA expression levels of GDF9, BMP15 and PCNA genes in the FSH-stimulated group suggests that FSH plays a key role in modulating the expression of these important candidate genes and thus influencing oocyte quality. The higher mRNA expression of BCL-2 genes and concomitantly lower expression of BAX gene in FSH Stimulated cows indicates the protective role of these genes and preventing programmed cell death and thus promoting cell survival, quality and embryo development.

Background: Even though endometriosis is an important risk factor for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), it is still not clear whether endometriosis influences PID after ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Therefore, this work was designed to explore whether endometriosis will influence PID after TVOR and study the influencing factors of receiving drainage treatment to improve the outcomes of patients with PID. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2004 and 2017. Data were collected from Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China. This study included 66 patients with acute PID symptoms after TVOR with or without endometriosis. The independent factors predicting drainage treatment were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and their optimal cut-off points were ascertained using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: Among 66 cases, there were 53 women without endometriosis and 13 women with stage III or IV endometriosis. The significantly higher maximum body temperature (p = 0.047), longer days of fever (p = 0.043) and duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotic use (p = 0.001), and more receiving drainage treatment (p = 0.002) were found in the patients with endometriosis. In vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles (odds ratio [OR] = 6.055, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.360–26.961, p = 0.018), puncture cyst during TVOR (OR = 60.167, 95% CI = 2.477–1461.619, p = 0.012), and pre-treatment C-reactive protein (CRP; OR = 1.022, 95% CI = 1.003–1.041, p = 0.022) were significant independent risk factors for drainage treatment. The optimal cut-off for IVF cycles and pre-treatment CRP for patients receiving drainage treatment were 2 and 40.3 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis had more severe PID outcomes after TVOR, requiring more attention during treatment. Early drainage treatment is recommended for patients with pre-treatment CRP levels higher than 40.3 mg/L, puncture cyst during TVOR, and those receiving more than 2 IVF cycles.