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1. First Case Report of Mycotic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Caused by Campylobacter fetus in Serbia

Author

Deana Medic, Milica Devrnja, Nikola Batinic, Djordje Milosevic, Aleksandra Colovic Popadic, and Vera Gusman

Subjects
Campylobacter fetus, mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm, meropenem, infection, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Due to its distinct vascular tropism, Campylobacter fetus is recognized as a significant cause of severe systemic infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals, while it is rarely reported as a cause of gastrointestinal infections. Methods: A rare case of mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with Campylobacter fetus detected on the aneurysm wall itself was described. Results: A 68-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to severe abdominal pain. The patient was afebrile, hemodynamically stable with elevated C-reactive protein levels. A physical examination revealed a palpable, pulsatile, tender mass located in the periumbilical region. Ultrasonography and multi-slice computer tomography angiography (MSCTA) identified an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 6.5 cm, showing suspicious signs of dissection. Aneurysmectomy with Dacron tube graft interposition was performed. Although the blood cultures remained negative, the culture of the aneurysmal wall grew Campylobacter fetus, enabling early diagnosis and targeted antibiotic therapy. The patient was treated with meropenem for two weeks, followed by amoxicillin-clavulanate for another two weeks after hospital discharge. Conclusions: Campylobacter fetus associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms represents a life-threatening condition, posing a significant challenge in vascular surgery. Due to the lack of clear guidelines on antibiotic susceptibility testing and the treatment of infections associated with this pathogen, enhanced surveillance of Campylobacter fetus is necessary in both human and veterinary medicine.

Published
2024
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2. Antibiotic Resistance and Probiotics: Knowledge Gaps, Market Overview and Preliminary Screening

Author

Gordana Zavišić, Milka Popović, Svetlana Stojkov, Deana Medić, Vera Gusman, Nataša Jovanović Lješković, and Aleksandra Jovanović Galović

Subjects
probiotic, pharmacobiotic, antibiotic resistance, market analysis, antibiotic resistance screening, dietary supplements, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Probiotics are among those products, the use of which is increasing, and they are available primarily as food/dietary supplements, as well as in the form of medicines. This study aims to assess the attitudes and practices of health professionals and students of health sciences, give a short overview of the probiotics currently on the market, and conduct a screening of five food supplements and one drug with respect to antibiotic resistance. Nearly half of the respondents in our survey state that probiotics have no side effects, while only 6.3% believe that the use of probiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance. In addition, more than 40% of the participants throw unused probiotics into municipal waste. The market analysis results indicate that probiotic products on the Serbian market have highly variable CFU counts, while the declared health claims cover numerous beneficial health effects, and they are sometimes even registered as medicines. Lactobacilli are frequently present in probiotic supplements, and are sold in pharmacies and online. The experimental results showed that antibiotic resistance is present in different types of lactobacilli in probiotic products. The risk of using probiotics, regardless of their beneficial health effects, should be taken into account in the future. An update to the regulations governing probiotics, including a stipulation for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing, should be established, and guidelines for their proper use and disposal put into place.

Published
2023
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3. E6/E7 mRNA Expression of the Most Prevalent High-Risk HPV Genotypes in Cervical Samples from Serbian Women

Author

Natasa Nikolic, Branka Basica, Aljosa Mandic, Nela Surla, Vera Gusman, Deana Medic, Tamas Petrovic, Mirjana Strbac, and Vladimir Petrovic

Subjects
E6, E7, HPV, cervical intraepithelial lesion, biomarker, Serbia, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Cervical cancer caused by persistent infection with HR HPV genotypes is the second leading cause of death in women aged 15 to 44 in Serbia. The expression of the E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes is considered as a promising biomarker in diagnosing high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). This study aimed to evaluate HPV mRNA and DNA tests, compare the results according to the severity of the lesions, and assess the predictive potential for the diagnosis of HSIL. Cervical specimens were obtained at the Department of Gynecology, Community Health Centre Novi Sad, Serbia, and the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Serbia, during 2017–2021. The 365 samples were collected using the ThinPrep Pap test. The cytology slides were evaluated according to the Bethesda 2014 System. Using a real-time PCR test, HPV DNA was detected and genotyped, while the RT-PCR proved the presence of E6 and E7 mRNA. The most common genotypes in Serbian women are HPV 16, 31, 33, and 51. Oncogenic activity was demonstrated in 67% of HPV-positive women. A comparison of the HPV DNA and mRNA tests to assess the progression of cervical intraepithelial lesions indicated that higher specificity (89.1%) and positive predictive value (69.8–78.7%) were expressed by the E6/E7 mRNA test, while higher sensitivity was recorded when using the HPV DNA test (67.6–88%). The results determine the higher probability of detecting HPV infection by 7% provided by the mRNA test. The detected E6/E7 mRNA HR HPVs have a predictive potential in assessing the diagnosis of HSIL. The oncogenic activity of HPV 16 and age were the risk factors with the strongest predictive values for the development of HSIL.

Published
2023
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4. Silicon breast implants’ texture affecting bacterial biofilm formation

Author

Marija Marinkovic, Jelena Nikolic, Vera Gusman, Mladen Jovanovic, and Predrag Rasovic

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction/Objective. The most important etiologic factors for both, capsular contracture (CC) and breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is subclinical infection, defined as a response of an organism on presence of biofilm on the implant surface. The aim of this research was to examine the possibility of biofilm formation of four different bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Ralstonia picketti) on three differently textured silicone breast implants (Siltex, Mentor, pore size 70?150 ?m; MESMORsensitive, Polytech, pore size 50?900 ?m; and SilkSurface, Motiva pores 13 ?m) in vitro. Methods. Samples of silicone breast implant capsules (sized 1 ? 1 cm) were divided into three groups according to texture. After sterilization, 30 samples in every group were contaminated with 100 ?l of examined bacterial broth, followed by incubation which led to biofilm formation. For testing the capability of biofilm formation, modified technique with microtitar plates described by Stepanovic? was used. Results. All four examined bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Ralstonia picketti) form more biofilm on implants with pore sizes 50?900 ?m compared to implants with pore size 70?150 ?m and those with 13 ?m. Statistical significance was found in biofilm formation on implants with pores 70?150 ?m compared to implants with pores 13 ?m. The only exception was P. aeuruginosa which did not show significant difference in biofilm formation on implants 70?150 ?m and 13 ?m. Conclusion. Silicone breast implants with micro and nanotexture should be chosen in order to prevent biofilm formation and possible consequent complications.

Published
2022
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5. Hygiene status of food contact surfaces in public school canteens in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia

Author

Jelena Bjelanović, Jelena Janjic, Radivoje Andjelkovic, Z Milan Baltic, R Velicki, Radmila Mitrovic, Milka Popović, and Vera Gusman

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Food handlers, Food contact, business.industry, Public health, media_common.quotation_subject, school, enterobacteriae, public health, Microbial contamination, hygiene, Personal hygiene, Hygiene, Environmental health, Colony count, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), surface properties, serbia, business, staphylococcus, media_common
Abstract

Background/Aim. Establishing a food safety control sys-tem is extremely important in preventing diseases associated with foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to ex-amine the hygiene status of food contact surfaces and the ap-plication of good hygiene practices by food handlers in school canteens. Methods. A total of 10,366 swabs were tak-en from food contact surfaces, including food handler's hands from public school canteens in Novi Sad, Serbia, over ten years (2008-2017), covering voluntary good hygiene prac-tices and obligatory Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) implementation periods. Results. Statistically sig-nificant differences (p < 0.05) in aerobic colony counts (ACCs) on surfaces between two examined periods were found. A general positive trend regarding the reduction of microbial contamination of food contact surfaces was ob-served. The percentage of surfaces swabs with ACCs above 2.48 log CFU/cm2 significantly decreased (R2 = 0.453) during the study period, and the percentage of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus in the swabs also decreased, but not significantly (R2 = 0.264), and average annual Enterobacteriaceae counts above the established limit values on surfaces significantly de-creased (R2 = 0.442) over the years. A significantly higher (p < 0.05) percentage of workers' hands harbored ACCs, coagu-lase-positive Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae above the es-tablished limits than the equipment or work surfaces. Con-clusion. The results obtained showed the proper implemen-tation of good hygiene practices concerning food contact sur-faces, but the implementation of good personal hygiene prac-tices needs enhanced supervision. Uvod/Cilj. Uspostavljanje sistema kontrole bezbednosti je izuzetno važno u prevenciji bolesti povezanih sa patogenima koje se prenose hranom. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi higijenski status kontaktnih površina i primena dobre higijenske prakse pri rukovanju hranom u školskim kantinama. Metode. Ukupno 10 366 briseva uzeto je sa površina koje dolaze u kontakt s hranom i ruku osoblja zaposlenog u školskim kantinama u Novom Sadu u desetogodišnjem periodu (2008–2017). Istraživanje je uključivalo dva perioda: a) dobrovoljnu primenu dobre higijenske prakse i b) obaveznu implementaciju sistema Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). Rezultati. Statistički značajna razlika (p < 0,05) utvrđena je u ukupnom broju aerobnih bakterija (aerobic colony counts -ACCs) na površinama. Primećen je opšti pozitivni trend u pogledu smanjenja mikrobiološke kontaminacije površina koje dolaze u kontakt s namirnicama. Učestalost nalaza briseva sa utvrđenim ukupnim ACCs iznad 2,48 log CFU/cm2 smanjivala se statistički značajno (R2 = 0,453) tokom perioda ispitivanja; učestalost prisustva koagulaza pozitivnih stafilokoka se takođe smanjivala, ali ne statistički značajno (R2 = 0,264), dok se prosečan broj enterobakterija iznad utvrđenih graničnih vrednosti na površinama statistički značajno smanjio tokom godina (R2 = 0,442). Na brisevima ruku ispitanog osoblja utvrđena je statistički značajno viša (p < 0,05) učestalost prisustva ukupnog ACCs, koagulaza pozitivnih stafilokoka i enterobakterija iznad utvrđenih granica u odnosu na briseve uzete sa opreme ili radnih površina. Zaključak. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju pravilnu primenu dobre higijenske prakse kada su u pitanju površine koje dolaze u kontakt s hranom, dok implementacija prakse dobre lične higijene zaposlenih zahteva pojačan nadzor

Published
2022

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