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Defects that occur in software products are a universal occurrence. Software defect prediction is usually carried out to determine the performance, accuracy, precision and performance of the prediction model or method used in research, using various kinds of datasets. Software defect prediction is one of the Software Engineering studies that is of great concern to researchers. This research was conducted to determine the performance of tree-based classification algorithms including Decision Trees, Random Forests and Deep Forests without using feature selection and using firefly feature selection. And also know the tree-based classification algorithm with firefly feature selection which can provide better software defect prediction performance. The dataset used in this study is the ReLink dataset which consists of Apache, Safe and Zxing. Then the data is divided into testing data and training data with 10-fold cross validation. Then feature selection is performed using the Firefly Algorithm. Each ReLink dataset will be processed by each tree-based classification algorithm, namely Decision Tree, Random Forest and Deep Forest according to the results of the firefly feature selection. Performance evaluation uses the AUC value (Area under the ROC Curve). Research was conducted using google collab and the average AUC value generated by Firefly-Decision Tree is 0.66, the average AUC value generated by Firefly-Random Forest is 0.77, and the average AUC value generated by Firefly-Deep Forest is 0, 76. The results of this study indicate that the approach using the Firefly algorithm with Random Forest classification can work better in predicting software damage compared to other tree-based algorithms. In previous studies, tree-based classification with hyperparameter tuning on software defect prediction datasets obtained quite good results. In another study, the classification performance of SVM, Naïve Bayes and K-nearest neighbor with firefly feature selection resulted in improved performance. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the performance of a tree-based algorithm using the firefly selection feature.

Business competition has given birth to a network marketing system or what is commonly referred to as Network Marketing. The utilization used in Network Marketing, or what we currently know as MLM (Multi-Level Marketing), uses a network system where interpersonal communication is required both between MLM members and communication between members, customers, and prospective consultants. The interpersonal communication of consultants determines MLM business. How do they apply persuasive communication to persuade consumers or other consultants to join their network? This research uses a case study method. The results illustrate three important things young mothers do when running an MLM business to build the household economy. First, a trustworthy communicator will build credibility. Second, I need to understand how to convey messages in the MLM trading system; third, I need to choose communication channels that follow the objectives.

Type II mucopolysaccharidoses is an X-linked autosomal recessive disease, causing glycosaminoglycan accumulation, leading to repeated surgeries. Airway substrate deposits present a challenge for anesthesiologists. This case series describes airway characteristics and management in pediatric Hunter syndrome. Seven pediatric Hunter syndrome cases undergoing general anesthesia were studied. Preanesthetic assessment revealed obstructive sleep apnea and potential airway difficulties, including limited mouth openings, macroglossia, tonsiloadenoid hypertrophy, and restricted neck mobility. Visualizing the larynx was challenging during surgery, with hypersecretions, narrowed hypopharynx, and thickened vocal cords. Anesthesia plans incorporated sleep non-apnea as the preferred option, considering muscle relaxants if ventilation could be achieved with jaw thrust. Airway management strategies included using laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for difficult mask ventilation, employing C-MAC video laryngoscopy and bougie for first-pass intubation in two cases, and performing fiberoptic bronchoscopy through LMA with bougie-assisted endotracheal intubation in one case. Experienced anesthesiologists should prepare thoroughly for airway management in pediatric Hunter syndrome patients.

Informasi mengenai seks masih dianggap negatif dan tabu oleh masyarakat Indonesia, salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seksual adalah sumber informasi yang masyarakat dapatkan dari media sosial mengenai pendidikan seksual. Instagram @tabu.id hadir sebagai salah satu sumber informasi dan forum diskusi untuk remaja terkait hak-hak kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi, serta membahas isu-isu penting yang masih dianggap tabu untuk dibicarakan dan kerap kali membuat remaja masih kurang tepat dalam mengambil keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan pada seberapa besar pengaruh konten pesan “sex education” instagram @tabu.id terhadap kepuasan followers yang juga merupakan pengguna media sosial. Peneliti menggunakan teori uses and gratifications, teori ini menjelaskan bahwa masyarakat aktif dan mampu mempelajari atau mengevaluasi berbagai jenis media dengan melihat bagaimana pengguna dalam memilih media yang paling dapat dipercaya memenuhi kebutuhannya dan sejauh mana pengguna puas dengan apa yang disajikan media tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pengikut instagram @tabu.id dengan jumlah sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 100 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya bahwa pengaruh konten pesan “sex education” instagram @tabu.id terhadap kepuasan followers adalah sebesar 52,7% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang kuat antara konten pesan Instagram terhadap kepuasan followers sebagai penggunaan media. Peneliti berharap penelitian selanjutnya dapat menggali lebih dalam terkait faktor-faktor lain yang mampu mempengaruhi audiens dalam mendapatkan kepuasan penggunaan media.

Youth participation in socio-political issues in this modern time is gradually rising, and the effects of it on nation-building are well observed, especially when it comes to change and progress. The main objectives of this study are to identify the instances where the students participate, to determine how students get involved, to understand the driving force of youth participating, to understand the experience/s of the students, and to determine possible causes why youth do not participate in national and local socio-political issues. Through the use of key informant interviews and focused group discussions, the researchers found that participants have engaged and participated in different socio-political issues on a national or local scale, such as civic engagement, volunteerism, policy-making, joining the labor sector, safeguarding and preserving national sovereignty, information drive to combat cultural discrimination and misinformation, and such. It was also discovered that a preference for social media and conventional methods were used by participants in their participation, depending on their target audience and the specific area where they would take part. Furthermore, it was unveiled that disinterest in youth, lack of encouragement coming from the community leaders, and lack of ways to empower youth due to lack of platforms are reasons youth do not participate in socio-political activities. Lastly, this study found that participants are eager to participate to obtain self-awareness and knowledge. And the support from the government and different institutions is needed in order to increase the awareness of the youth when it comes to socio-political issues.

The aim of the research was to study the effects of biological seed treatment utilization rhizobacteria on seed germination and seedling growth, furthermore to figure out the competence of rhizobacteria isolates to dissolve phosphate, produce acetic indol acid (IAA) and siderophore. 18 rhizobacteria isolates used in this research, each isolates was anlayze in vitro; IAA, phosphate and siderophore. Then carried out the in vitro test, the pepper seeds were inoculated with rhizobacteria isolates suspension then germinated. Seedlings were transpalated into a plastic pot filled with medium soil and compost (2:1). The germination was observed everyday until 14 days, the seedlings was observed at 4 and 6 weeks after transplating. Based on the study, all the rhizobacteria isolates produced IAA, 13 rhizobacteria isolates capable to dissolve phosphate and 12 rhizobacteria isolates produced siderophore. Seed treatment using RBNA 14, RBNA 13, RBKB 5, and RBSPA 14 adequate to increase the germination in seed viability and vigor also increase seedling growth

Human life today is closely related to the use of plastic. Plastics are used in a variety of activities and for various purposes. Besides the convenience and perceived benefits, excessive use of plastic can also harm the environment. It is a common problem because of the excessive and continuously increasing use of plastic and the need for public awareness of their responsibility towards waste. This study aims to determine the effect of the #WasteDownBeautyUp message on Instagram on the environmental awareness of Sociolla's Instagram followers using the Nowak and Warneryd campaign models. The method used in this research is quantitative. Researchers used the survey method to distribute questionnaires to 100 respondents, namely followers of the Instagram account @sociolla, with a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the t-count value was 3.637 > t-table 1.984 and the sig value 0.000 < 0.05, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The results show the effect of the #WasteDownBeautyUp campaign message on Instagram on environmental awareness among followers of Sociolla's Instagram.

Mental health among young people needs attention; even more these days, the search for information related to mental health has risen sharply on social media. This study aims to evaluate the role of motives for media use and the use of Instagram @iamokay.id to fulfill the need for mental health information. The study used a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who were Instagram social media followers @iamokay.id. The theory underlying the research is the Theory of Uses and Gratification. This study uses a research model that places media use as a mediating variable of the relationship between motives and fulfilling information needs. In contrast, the previous literature placed media use as the independent variable. The findings show the direct influence of the motives for media use and the use of Instagram @iamokay.id on fulfilling the need for health information. In addition, using Instagram @iamokay.id mediates the relationship between the motives for media use and the fulfillment of mental health information needs. Instagram can be an alternative source of information for the general public to eliminate mental health among young people.

Black betel leaf from East Kalimantan contains various secondary metabolites such as alkaloid saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. A compound, piperenamide A, which has antimicrobial activity, is also found in black betel leaf. This study aims to identify and authenticate the compound piperenamide A found in black betel leaf extract in other types of betel plant using HPLC and FTIR-chemometrics. The extraction method used was maceration with 70% ethanol solvent. Determination of piperenamide A content in black betel leaf extract was via HPLC column C18, with a maximum wavelength of 259 nm and a mobile phase of water:acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 mL/minute. From the results, piperenamide A was only found in black betel (Piper acre) and not in Piper betel and Piper crocatum. Piperenamide A levels obtained were 4.03, 6.84, 5.35, 13.85, and 2.15%, respectively, in the samples studied. The combination of FTIR spectra with chemometric methods such as PCA and PLS-DA was used to distinguish the three types of betel. Discriminant analysis can classify black betel (Piper acre), Piper betel, and Piper crocatum according to its type. These methods can be used for identification and authentication of black betel.

Objectives: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe, delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DHR). We observed DRESS to inhibitors of interleukin 1 (IL-1) or IL-6 in a small group of patients with Still's disease with atypical lung disease. We sought to characterise features of patients with Still's disease with DRESS compared with drug-tolerant Still's controls. We analysed human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles for association to inhibitor-related DHR, including in a small Kawasaki disease (KD) cohort., Methods: In a case/control study, we collected a multicentre series of patients with Still's disease with features of inhibitor-related DRESS (n=66) and drug-tolerant Still's controls (n=65). We retrospectively analysed clinical data from all Still's subjects and typed 94/131 for HLA. European Still's-DRESS cases were ancestry matched to International Childhood Arthritis Genetics Consortium paediatric Still's cases (n=550) and compared for HLA allele frequencies. HLA association also was analysed using Still's-DRESS cases (n=64) compared with drug-tolerant Still's controls (n=30). KD subjects (n=19) were similarly studied., Results: Still's-DRESS features included eosinophilia (89%), AST-ALT elevation (75%) and non-evanescent rash (95%; 88% involving face). Macrophage activation syndrome during treatment was frequent in Still's-DRESS (64%) versus drug-tolerant Still's (3%; p=1.2×10 -14 ). We found striking enrichment for HLA-DRB1*15 haplotypes in Still's-DRESS cases versus INCHARGE Still's controls (p=7.5×10 -13 ) and versus self-identified, ancestry-matched Still's controls (p=6.3×10 -10 ). In the KD cohort, DRB1*15:01 was present only in those with suspected anakinra reactions., Conclusions: DRESS-type reactions occur among patients treated with IL-1/IL-6 inhibitors and strongly associate with common HLA-DRB1*15 haplotypes. Consideration of preprescription HLA typing and vigilance for serious reactions to these drugs are warranted., Competing Interests: Competing interests: VES, GD, report personal fees from Novartis, SP reports fees from Novartis outside the current work, SC reports personal fees from Novartis and grants from AB2 Bio, EDM reports grants from Novartis and JAH reports grant from Genentech. Drug Hypersensitivity Consortium: SL, GSS, SS and MS report personal fees from Novartis, AAG reports grants and personal fees from Novartis and grants from NovImmune. INCHARGE Consortium: No conflicts of interest., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)