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This pest survey card was prepared in the context of the EFSA mandate on plant pest surveillance (M-2020-0114), at the request of the European Commission. Its purpose is to guide the Member States in preparing data and information for surveys of citrus leprosis viruses. These are required to design statistically sound and risk-based pest surveys, in line with current international standards. Six of the seven viruses that cause citrus leprosis (CiLV-C, CiLV-C2, HGSV-2, OFV, CiLV-N sensu novo and CiCSV) are clearly defined taxonomic entities, while the status of CiBSV is unclear. CiLV-C, CiLV-C2, HGSV-2, the citrus strain of OFV, CiLV-N sensu novo and CiCSV are Union quarantine pests. Citrus leprosis viruses do not cause systemic infections and they are all exclusively transmitted by mites of the genus Brevipalpus. Brevipalpus mites associated with the transmission of the leprosis disease are present in some regions of EU territory. The commercial citrus species most relevant to the EU are considered susceptible to citrus leprosis disease. There are no ecoclimatic constrains known for the citrus leprosis viruses, except for those affecting their host plants and their mite vectors. Therefore, due to the wide availability of host species and the presence of Brevipalpus mites, all citrus-growing areas in the EU are considered potentially suitable for the viruses to become established. Long-distance spread is likely to occur through movement of viruliferous mites phoretically associated with commodities. Detection of citrus leprosis viruses in the field should be performed by visual examination of symptoms followed by sampling and molecular identification in the laboratory. Visual examination should be preferably conducted in late summer / early autumn. Based on the analyses of the information on the pest-host plant system, the various units that are needed to design a survey should be defined and tailored to the situation in each Member State.

En los cítricos la autoincompatibilidad (AI) es un carácter de gran interés ya que en cultivares partenocárpicos permite la obtención de frutos sin semillas. Sin embargo, la AI supone un obstáculo para la realización de estudios genéticos y para los programas de mejora genética basados en hibridación sexual. El estrés por temperatura, la polinización de flores en estado prematuro del desarrollo (botones florales) y la poliploidización son factores que pueden inducir la ruptura de la AI. En este trabajo se ha evaluado esta ruptura en dos cultivares diploides autoincompatibles: clementina ‘Clemenules’ (C. clementina Hort. ex Tan.) y mandarino ‘Fortune’ (C. clementina x C. tangerina).