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Objective: To analyze the genes related to platelet activation in essential thrombocythemia (ET) based on transcriptome sequencing technology (RNA-seq), and to explore the potential targets related to ET thrombosis., Methods: Blood samples from ET patients and healthy individuals were collected for RNA-seq, and differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were selected to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Differential mRNAs in the regulatory network were enriched and analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The real-time PCR method was applied to validate differential mRNAs on crucial signaling pathways., Results: A total of 32 lncRNAs (3 up-regulated, 29 down-regulated), 16 miRNAs (8 up-regulated, 8 down-regulated), and 35 mRNAs (27 up-regulated, 8 down-regulated) were identified as differentially expressed. Among them, 5 lncRNAs, 12 miRNAs, and 19 mRNAs constituted the regulatory network. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differential mRNAs were related to the platelet activation signaling pathway, and there were 6 differential mRNAs related to platelet activation, namely F2R, ITGA2B, ITGB1, ITGB3, PTGS1 , and GP1BB , which were all up-regulated in their expression. RT-PCR results showed that the expression of five mRNAs including F2R,ITGA2B,ITGB1,ITGB3 , and GP1BB were upregulated in ET patients compared with healthy subjects, and consistent with RNA-seq results, while PTGS1 expression was not significantly different., Conclusion: Differential mRNAs in ET patients are related to the platelet activation pathway, and F2R, ITGA2B, ITGB1, ITGB3 , and GP1BB mRNAs may serve as novel targets associated with platelet activation in ET.

This study employed knowledge graph technology to analyze the research status and hot spots of Realgar and provide guidance for clinical application and further research of this drug. The research articles both in English and Chinese involving Realgar were retrieved from five databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and Web of Science. And NoteExpress, a literature management software was used to screen literature. CiteSpace was utilized for visualized analysis and presentations of the authors, institutions, and keywords. 2 879 articles in Chinese and 194 articles in English were included. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and Journal of Ethnopharmacology were the top Chinese and English journals in terms of publication volume. Realgar is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases, blood diseases, and cancer. JIANG Hong was the author who have published more articles in Chinese and English working with teams. School of Public Health of China Medical University and China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences published the most articles in Chinese and English. The research on Realgar mainly focuses on clinical application, mechanism of action, reduction of toxicity, and enhancement of efficacy. The authors and institutions of Realgar research are mainly concentrated in China. The study on the mechanism of treating hematological diseases and cancer with Realgar, as well as the research on its effects of reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy, are the current research hotspots. The mechanism of "same treatment for different diseases" in Realgar needs to be further explored. It is urgent to carry out interdisciplinary research on Realgar. This study can provide a refe-rence for the clinical application of Realgar and provide ideas for further research on Realgar.

Objective: To understand the biological characteristics of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with myeloid fibroplasia, and further analyze the risk factors affecting myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients, so as to provide ideas for predicting the occurrence of myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients., Methods: Forty patients with PV in the Department of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were collected and divided into two groups, with (hyperplasia group) and without (Non-proliferative group) hyperplasia of bone marrow fibers. The differences of basic clinical characteristics, blood routine, biochemistry, bone marrow cells, coagulation function and other indicators between the two groups were compared, and the independent risk factors affecting the proliferation of bone marrow fibrous tissue in PV patients were further analyzed by multivariate regression., Results: Compared with Non-proliferative group, the JAK2 mutation rate (95% vs 70%， P =0.037), eosinophilic cell count (0.19 vs 0.11, P =0.047) and eosinophilic percentage (1.84 vs 1.27, P =0.001) in PV patients with hyperplasia were significantly increased, triglycerides (1.55 vs 1.91, P =0.038) and low-density lipoprotein (1.50 vs 3.08, P =0.000) were significantly reduced, bone marrow hematopoietic volume (0.85 vs 0.6, P =0.001), granulocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.40 vs 1.89, P =0.033), lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (0.60 vs 0.42, P =0.033), and granulocyte+lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.72 vs 2.37, P =0.026) were significantly increased, thrombin time (18.84 vs 18.12, P =0.043) was significantly prolonged. Multivariate regression analysis results showed that peripheral blood eosinophil ≥2% and low-density lipoprotein ≤2 mmol/L were independent risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Increased proportion of peripheral blood eosinophils and decreased low density lipoprotein are risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients.

Objective: To analysis the specific protein markers of essential thrombocythemia (ET) based on proteomics technology, to explore and verify the differential protein related to platelet activation., Methods: Blood samples were obtained from ET patients and healthy people and a certain protein mass spectrometry was detected using label-free quantitative technology. The proteins relative abundance increased or down-regulated by 1.3 times in the disease group compared with the control group, and the protein abundance in the two groups t test P＜0.05 were defined as differential proteins. Bioinformatics analysis of the differential proteins was performed using GO and KEGG. The difference in the average protein abundance between the two groups was analyzed by t test and P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant. Differential proteins were selected for verification by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology., Results: A total of 140 differential proteins were found, of which 72 were up-regulated and 68 were down-regulated. KEGG enrichment showed that the differential protein expression was related to the platelet activation pathway. The differential proteins related to platelet activation were GPV, COL1A2, GP1bα, COL1A1 and GPVI. Among them, the expressions of GPV, GP1bα and GPVI were up-regulated, and the expressions of COL1A2 and COL1A1 were down-regulated. PRM verification of COL1A1, GP1bα, GPVI and GPV was consistent with LFP proteomics testing., Conclusion: Differential proteins in ET patients are related to platelet activation pathway activation.Differential proteins such as GPV, GPVI, COL1A1 and GP1bα can be used as new targets related to ET platelet activation.