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As a novel industrial space to cope with global competition, industrial parks have gradually become important growth poles to promote regional development and provide a large number of employment opportunities. This study utilizes mobile phone signaling data to identify the commuting origins and destinations (OD) of different industrial parks in Nanjing while comparing the distribution of the working population, residential population, and commuting patterns across varying types and levels of industrial parks. The level of coordination of the employment–residential system in each park is quantified by calculating the resident commuting index (HSCi), employee commuting index (WSCi), and their coupling coordination degree. Additionally, geographic detectors are employed to identify the influencing factors and interaction effects that impact the employment–residential balance in industrial parks. Results show that industrial parks located in the central urban area attract more residential and working populations. The commuting volume of national and municipal as well as high-tech industrial parks is higher than other types of industrial parks. Most industrial parks experience more inward than outward commuting, and there is an uneven distribution of commuting flows, resulting in a network-like pattern of "central dense, peripheral sparse". Various industrial parks exhibit a highly coupled job–housing system, and those with high HSCi tend to have high WSCi as well. The coupling coordination of industrial parks ranged from 0.16 to 0.93, with 13 being primary coordination or above and 3 being disordered. Industrial parks are classified into three types: employment-oriented, residential-oriented, and employment–residential balanced, with the residential-oriented type being predominant. The density of public transportation stops, park area, and land use mix are the primary factors affecting the employment–residential balance. Industrial parks with larger scale, better land allocation, and higher service facility levels are more likely to achieve coordination in the employment–residential system. Our work utilizes mobile signaling data to characterize the commuting patterns of industrial parks, providing insights for industrial park planning and promoting the integration of industry and city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Low fertility is the main cause of low productivity in beef cattle, and the non-conception of cows after fertilization is an important factor contributing to this phenomenon. miRNAs may exert unique metabolic and immune effects on the early gestation process in cattle. In this study, serum exosomes on the 0 th, 14 th, and 21 st days of the early gestation of cattle were obtained by simultaneous estrus technology, and the expression profile of exosomal miRNA was detected by RNA-seq technology. Among them, bta-miR-3604, bta-miR-2889, bta-miR-3432a, and bta-miR-409b are newly discovered miRNAs. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the screening of early pregnancy establishment and maternal pregnancy recognition (MRP) molecular markers in cattle. Low fertility is the main cause of the low productivity in beef cattle and is mainly associated with a lack of conception after fertilization. The establishment of early pregnancy in cattle is a complex physiological process, and embryo implantation is crucial for the successful establishment of pregnancy. Exosomal miRNAs play an important role in regulating mammalian embryo implantation and development. This study used synchronous estrus technology to extract exosomes from bovine serum at 0, 14, and 21 days of early pregnancy and analyzed the expression profile of exosomal miRNAs through RNA-seq technology. We identified 472 miRNA precursor sequences and 367 mature miRNA sequences in the three sample groups, with the majority of the miRNAs having high abundance. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were screened, and 20 DEmiRNAs were obtained. The differential expression analysis results show that compared to day 0, there were 15 DEmiRNAs in the serum on day 14 and 5 on day 21 of pregnancy. Compared to the 14th day of pregnancy, there were eight DEmiRNAs in the serum on the 21st day of pregnancy. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the target genes of DEmiRNAs regulated the signaling pathways closely related to early pregnancy, including the VEGF, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, the newly discovered miRNAs were bta-miR-3604, bta-miR-2889, bta-miR-3432a, and bta-miR-409b. These results provide a theoretical reference for screening the molecular markers for early pregnancy establishment and maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) in cattle and new ideas for shortening the calving interval in cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the dynamics of innovation element flows among metropolitan areas and examines the underlying proximity mechanisms that are crucial for elevating urban agglomerations' innovation levels and spurring their development. Utilizing collaborative publication and patent data, this research constructs knowledge and technological innovation networks within the Nanjing metropolitan area (NMA) from 2013 to 2020. It analyzes the evolution of network structures and applies the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to discern the proximity mechanisms driving the urban innovation networks' evolution in NMA. The main findings are as follows: (1) The knowledge collaborations within NMA cities remain largely confined to cities within Jiangsu province, whereas the technological collaborations are shifting from intra-province to cross-province cooperation. (2) Both knowledge and technological innovation networks display a "core-periphery" configuration, with Nanjing maintaining a dominant central position. The scale of the KIN surpasses that of the TIN, while the latter's growth rate outpaces the former's. Technological collaborations demonstrate more pronounced spillover effects than their knowledge counterparts. (3) At the metropolitan area level, organizational, social, cognitive, and technological proximities exert varying degrees of influence on innovation cooperation among different innovation entities across various years. Cognitive proximity exhibits the most substantial explanatory power. Based on these findings, the study proposes relevant policy recommendations for constructing an innovative NMA and promoting collaborative innovation development among cities within the NMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Located in the vast Algerian Sahara, Bechar has experienced over the years uncontrolled urban growth. It has evolved from a simple oasis and ksar (traditional settlement) to a city with a contrasting center and segregated outskirts. This growth has led to significant urban fragmentation that affected residents' quality of life. This research uses space syntax theory to analyze Bechar's urban configurations and their impact on functionality and sustainability. The study examines integration, connectivity, control, and intelligibility through axial maps and syntactic measures. Findings reveal that areas with high integration show better accessibility and reduced vehicle reliance, while segregated areas face accessibility challenges and limited services. Global integration values range from −1 to 1.192, averaging at 0.767, which indicates different accessibility among neighborhoods. These insights are crucial to identify areas where sustainable urban planning can mitigate adverse effects and enhance city efficiency. We created an axial map using DepthmapX v0.8.0 software and a modified digital QGIS map to collect data and measure Bechar's urban properties. The methodology we used translates social behaviors into spatial representations, generating interpretative models for social and spatial phenomena. This article provides valuable information on the infrastructure and service needs, guiding strategic resource allocation. The proposed urban design strategies include urban canopies and optimized building ratios to reduce energy consumption and promote sustainability. To conclude, we recommend practical solutions to enhance the sustainability and functioning of urban areas similar to Bechar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose an ultra-broadband near- to mid-infrared (NMIR) tunable absorber based on VO2 hybrid multi-layer nanostructure by hybrid integration of the upper and the lower parts. The upper part is composed of VO2 nanocylinder arrays prepared on the front illuminated surface of quartz substrate, and VO2 square films and VO2/SiO2/VO2 square nanopillar arrays prepared on the back surface. The lower part is an array of SiO2/Ti/VO2 nanopillars on Ti substrate. The effects of different structural parameters and temperature on the absorption spectra were analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain method. An average absorption rate of up to 94.7% and an ultra-wide bandwidth of 6.5 μm were achieved in NMIR 1.5–8 μm. Neither vertical incident light with different polarization angles nor large inclination incident light has a significant effect on the absorption performance of the absorber. The ultra-broadband high absorption performance of this absorber will be widely used in NMIR photodetectors and other new optoelectronic devices.

Introduction Themed "Better Sub-Regional and Urban Development from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative," the 2023 Annual Conference of the International Urban Planning Branch of the Urban Planning Society of China (UPSC) was successfully held in Kunming from Jun. 23 to 25, 2023. The conference, organized by the International Urban Planning Branch and hosted by the School of Architecture and Planning, Yunnan University, coincided with the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. Thus it aimed to share new insights and practices related to sub-regional cooperation, sustainable development, global industrial restructuring, urban vitality, cross-border cultural exchanges, and more, both in China and internationally. Furthermore, the conference presented in-depth research and analysis on the strategic advantages of the Belt and Road Initiative and held dialogues and case studies on high-quality sub-regional and urban development worldwide. The goal was to provide innovative perspectives for China to implement high-quality cross-border collaboration under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. The keynote speeches given at the conference have been collected by China City Planning Review and meticulously proofread by the respective speaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is closely related to the meat quality of livestock and poultry. As a new cell culture technique in vitro, cell co-culture has been gradually applied to the related research of IMF formation because it can simulate the changes of microenvironment in vivo during the process of IMF cell formation. In the co-culture model, in addition to studying the effects of skeletal muscle cells on the proliferation and differentiation of IMF, we can also consider the role of many secretion factors in the formation of IMF, thus making the cell research in vitro closer to the real level in vivo. This paper reviewed the generation and origin of IMF, summarized the existing co-culture methods and systems, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each method as well as the challenges faced in the establishment of the system, with emphasis on the current status of research on the formation of IMF for human and animal based on co-culture technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]