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Gut microbiota and gut-derived metabolites are known to respond to fluctuations in dietary composition. Diet-induced shifts in microbiota composition have profound effects on immune regulation, which can also contribute to hypertension. Recent years, studies have explored changes in gut microbiota and immune inflammatory in response to diet, as well as their association with hypertension in order to provide new targets and new ideas for the prevention treatment of hypertension.

Highlights: The review provides a comprehensive summary of performance limits of the single two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (2D-TMD) transistor. The review details the two logical expressions of the single 2D-TMD logic transistor, including current and voltage. The review demonstrates the two calculating methods for dynamic energy consumption of 2D synaptic devices. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) allow for atomic-scale manipulation, challenging the conventional limitations of semiconductor materials. This capability may overcome the short-channel effect, sparking significant advancements in electronic devices that utilize 2D TMDs. Exploring the dimension and performance limits of transistors based on 2D TMDs has gained substantial importance. This review provides a comprehensive investigation into these limits of the single 2D-TMD transistor. It delves into the impacts of miniaturization, including the reduction of channel length, gate length, source/drain contact length, and dielectric thickness on transistor operation and performance. In addition, this review provides a detailed analysis of performance parameters such as source/drain contact resistance, subthreshold swing, hysteresis loop, carrier mobility, on/off ratio, and the development of p-type and single logic transistors. This review details the two logical expressions of the single 2D-TMD logic transistor, including current and voltage. It also emphasizes the role of 2D TMD-based transistors as memory devices, focusing on enhancing memory operation speed, endurance, data retention, and extinction ratio, as well as reducing energy consumption in memory devices functioning as artificial synapses. This review demonstrates the two calculating methods for dynamic energy consumption of 2D synaptic devices. This review not only summarizes the current state of the art in this field but also highlights potential future research directions and applications. It underscores the anticipated challenges, opportunities, and potential solutions in navigating the dimension and performance boundaries of 2D transistors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past two decades, metamaterial design has been applied to terahertz wave detection research, which is very important because metamaterial has the advantages of high absorption, ultra-thin device thickness, design flexibility and frequency selectivity. In this paper, the VO2/Graphene heterostructures were designed on the silicon dioxide layer, and the terahertz wave absorption bandwidth was tuned by adjusting the size and conductivity of VO2 and the Fermi level of graphene. According to the simulation results, the VO2/Graphene heterostructures has a substantial absorption bandwidth of more than 7 THz and an absorption peak intensity that is continuously tuned between 2.8% and 98% by adjusting temperature change the conductivity of VO2. Meanwhile, the heterojunctions also have high absorption ability for terahertz waves incident at different polarization angles. The new idea is provided by our research results for the design of heterojunction terahertz absorption devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient dearomative (3 + 2) cycloaddition of para-quinamines and 2-nitrobenzofurans has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions and affords a series of benzofuro[3,2-b]indol-3-one derivatives in good to excellent yields (up to 98%) with perfect diastereoselectivities (all cases > 20:1 dr). The scale-up synthesis and versatile derivatizations demonstrate the potential synthetic application of the protocol. A plausible reaction mechanism is also proposed to account for the observed reaction process. This work represents the first instance of the N-triggered dearomative (3 + 2) cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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