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Accurately estimating the duration of freeway incidents can enhance emergency management practices and reduce the likelihood of secondary incidents. To investigate the mechanisms through which key factors influence incident duration, this study sorted out the characteristics and variables of the incident duration on a special freeway in Zhejiang Province, that is, the ring road, and developed a latent class accelerated hazard model. Heterogeneity was incorporated into the model. Three distributions (Weibull, Log-normal, and Log-logistic) were compared, and the Log-logistic distribution exhibited superior performance. The analysis revealed two distinct latent classes: Latent Class 1 and Class 2, had class membership probability of 0.53 and 0.47, respectively, with a total of 11 variables being statistically significant at the 0.05 significance level. It is worth noting that, some neglected explanatory variables are discussed in depth in this study. For example, the mechanism of which specific lane is closed has an impact on the incident duration, rather than a general discussion of the number of lane closures. Furthermore, the way in which the driver involved in the incident reports to the police has a significant impact on the duration of incidents. Notably, potential heterogeneity and its influencing mechanism are captured in the model. Additionally, by predicting class membership using posterior probabilities, it was determined that most data points were more likely to belong to Class 1, and the incident duration primarily ranged between 0 and 60 minutes. These findings are helpful to reduce the duration of incidents on ring-roads and freeways in China, and provide theoretical support for the formulation of freeway incident management and treatment policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) can pose significant risks to patients undergoing surgical procedures. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and diagnostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for SSIs in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 866 patients at our hospital was conducted between June 2016 and June 2022. The study divided patients into two groups: those with SSIs and those without. General data and operative room‐related information were collected. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were clearly defined. Peripheral blood indicators were analysed, and observation indicators were meticulously selected, including surgery time, usage of a laminar flow operating room and intraoperative hypothermia. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, including univariate, multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Thirty‐six out of 866 patients developed SSIs. Statistically significant differences were found for surgery time, usage of non‐laminar flow operating rooms and intraoperative hypothermia (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.765 (95% CI: 0.636–0.868) for serum NLR and PLR, with optimal cut‐off values at NLR 4.8 and PLR 196, indicating moderate to strong discriminative ability for SSIs. Conclusions: The study identified non‐laminar flow operating rooms, extended surgery time, and intraoperative hypothermia as significant risk factors for SSIs. Serum NLR and PLR were found valuable as biomarkers for SSIs diagnosis, holding potential for preoperative risk assessment and improved patient safety in renal cell carcinoma care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a uniform formula of Lusztig's |$ \textbf {a}$| -functions on classical Weyl groups. Then we obtain an efficient algorithm for the Gelfand–Kirillov dimensions of simple highest weight modules of classical Lie algebras, whose highest weight is not necessarily regular or integral. To deal with type |$ D $|⁠ , we prove an interesting property about domino tableaux associated with Weyl group elements by introducing an invariant, called the hollow tableau. As an application, the associated varieties of all the simple highest weight Harish–Chandra modules are explicitly determined, including the exceptional cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]