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Haoqiang Zhang,1– 3,* Shufang Yang,2,4,* Wenwen Zhu,1,2 Tong Niu,1,2 Zheng Wang,1,2 Ke An,1,2 Zuoling Xie,1,2 Pin Wang,2 Xi Huang,1,2 Chenchen Wang,1,2 Haiyan Shangguan,2 Yang Yuan,1 Shaohua Wang1 1Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shaohua Wang; Yang Yuan, Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-25-83262815 ; +86-13814003661, Fax +86-25-83285132, Email gyjwsh@126.com; yang_yuan000@sina.comPurpose: We aim to determine the role of free triiodothyronine (FT3), the main active ingredient of thyroid hormones (THs), in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Patients and Methods: A total of 255 T2DM patients without diagnosed thyroid diseases were recruited and divided into MCI group and healthy cognition group. Neuropsychological functions were observed by multidimensional cognitive function scales in including MoCA, Digit Span Test (DST), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Clock drawing test (CDT), Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B, Instantaneously Recalled Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT-IR), Delayed Recalled Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT-DR) and Logical Memory Test (LMT). Correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between FT3 and diabetic cognitive dysfunction.Results: Compared with 147 normal cognition patients, 108 MCI patients exhibited lower FT3 and higher HOMA-IR. FT3 lev