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Objective To evaluate the improvement of superficial temporal artery⁃middle cerebral artery (STA⁃MCA) bypass combined with encephalo⁃myo⁃synangiosis (EMS) on cognitive function in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). Methods Total 37 patients with MMD treated with STA⁃MCA+EMS in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from July 2017 to June 2020 were reviewed. Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE), Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Trail Making Test⁃A (TMT⁃A), Trail Making Test⁃B (TMT⁃B), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) and Rey⁃Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) were used to evaluate overall cognitive function, memory, attention, executive function, language function and visuospatial function in all patients one week before surgery and 6 months after surgery. Results Compared with one week before surgery, the MMSE score [24 (23, 26) score vs. 25.00 (23.50, 27.00) score; Z=⁃4.201, P=0.000] and ROCFT score [28 (23, 30) score vs. 31.00 (28.50, 32.00) score; Z=⁃3.968, P=0.004] increased, while the TMT⁃A test [69.00 (56.00, 87.50) s vs. 42 (37, 48) s; Z=⁃5.144, P=0.002] and TMT⁃B test [177 (168, 190) s vs. 138 (133, 144) s; Z=⁃5.309, P=0.001] decreased at 6 months after surgery. There was no statistic difference of AVLT⁃1R (Z=⁃1.595, P=0.113), AVLT⁃5R (Z=⁃1.573, P=0.121) and VFT (Z=⁃1.616, P=0.124) before and after surgery. Conclusions STA⁃MCA+EMS can improve the overall cognitive function, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability of patients with MMD, but has no significant effect on short⁃term memory, long⁃term memory and language function, and can improve cognitive function and the quality of life.

Using density functional theory in the noncollinear approximation, the behavior of quantum states of hole qubits in a Ge/Co:ZnO system was studied in this work. A detailed analysis of the electronic structure and the distribution of total charge density and hole states was carried out. It was shown that in the presence of holes, the energetically more favorable quantum state is the state |0˃, in contrast to the state |1˃ when there is no hole in the system. The favorability of hole states was found to be dependent on the polarity of the applied electric field.

Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm is vital to ensure the distributed system such as blockchain reaching consistency.The performance of algorithm affects the security and stability of the system.In view of the low efficiency and lack of incentive mechanism of existing consensus algorithms,a rational practical Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm with evolutionary game is proposed.Firstly,the trustworthiness of nodes in the consensus process is determined by node trust evaluation,the reputation value is used as the basis for the consensus enthusiasm of rational nodes,consensus nodes are divided based on reputation value,and the consensus method of node network fragmentation is adopted to improve consensus efficiency;secondly,the evolutionary game model is established for the impact of link dynamics between nodes in the consensus process on the reputation value,and based on the existence of the reputation stabilization strategy,an incentive mechanism based on reputation value rewards is designed to enhance the enthusiasm of consensus nodes to participate in consensus.Simulation results show that the consensus algorithm has a throughput increase of 40%,and the reputation evolution game model designed for nodes has a rapid convergence effect in the consensus process.

Eriocitrin is a flavonoid glycoside with strong antioxidant capacity that has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as hypolipidemic, anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. We found that the gut microbiota could rapidly metabolize eriocitrin. By using LC/MSn-IT-TOF, we identified three metabolites of eriocitrin metabolized in the intestinal microbiota: eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, eriodictyol, and dihydrocaffeic acid. By comparing these two metabolic pathways of eriocitrin (the gut microbiota and liver microsomes), the intestinal microbiota may be the primary metabolic site of eriocitrin metabolism. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the study of pharmacologically active substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In pediatric patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS), living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) raises substantial challenges regarding IVC reconstruction. Case Presentation: We present a case of an 8‐year‐old girl with BCS caused by myeloproliferative syndrome with JAK2 V617F mutation. She had a complete thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with multiple collaterals, developing a Budd–Chiari syndrome. She underwent LDLT with IVC reconstruction with a cryopreserved pulmonary vein graft obtained from a provincial biobank. The living donor underwent a laparoscopic‐assisted left lateral hepatectomy. The reconstruction of the vena cava took place on the back table and the liver was implanted en bloc with the reconstructed IVC in the recipient. Anticoagulation was immediately restarted after the surgery because of her pro‐thrombotic state. Her postoperative course was complicated by a biliary anastomotic leak and an infected biloma. The patient recovered progressively and remained well on outpatient clinic follow‐up 32 weeks after the procedure. Conclusion: IVC reconstruction using a cryopreserved pulmonary vein graft is a valid option during LDLT for pediatric patients with BCS where reconstruction of the IVC entails considerable challenges. Early referral to a pediatric liver transplant facility with a multidisciplinary team is also important in the management of pediatric patients with BCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]