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Currently, much attention has been paid to the efforts to stabilize and regulate single atoms through supports to obtain decent electrocatalytic behaviors. However, little concern was given to the effect of single atoms on modulating the electronic structure of supports, despite the catalytic activities and large quantities of supports in the catalytic reactions. Herein, we have localized Ru single atoms onto two-dimensional layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) and studied the role of Ru single atoms in adjusting the electronic structure of the NiFe-LDH support. Spin polarization of 3d electrons for Fe and electron redistribution in NiFe-LDH were effectively modulated through the interaction between Ru single atoms and NiFe-LDH. As a result, the luminol redox reaction and reactive oxygen revolution were simultaneously promoted by Ru single-atom-modulated NiFe-LDH, manifested as boosted electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Therefore, we have provided valid information to reveal the regulation effect of single atoms on the spin state and electronic structure of the supports. It is anticipated that our strategy may arouse wide interest in manipulating single-atom-modulated supports.

Pork and its products are preferably contaminated by bacteria; thus, it is essential to develop low-cost, high-efficiency and biologically safe preservatives to prevent the growth of bacteria during storage. In the current study, grass carp β-defensin 1 (gcDefb1) was produced and purified from Pichia pastoris through the heterologous expression method. The in vitro antimicrobial assay demonstrated that yeast-derived gcDefb1 possesses a broad antibacterial spectrum, including both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and the MIC values against Escherichia coli ATCC 25,922 were as low as 30 μg/mL and showed no cytotoxicity or hemolytic activity. The bactericidal rate of gcDefb1 was less than 60 min by disrupting the cell membranes, and it inhibited the formation of bacterial biofilms. Moreover, gcDefb1 was used as a biopreservative for pork storage, indicating that the physicochemical and sensory qualities were improved. This study provides an efficient method to prepare and utilize gcDefb1 as a novel biopreservative. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01060-9.

The first report highlighting miraculous and intelligent electrocatalysts that can be tailored to form useful structures and morphologies with active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction.

To determine the optimal measurement method of 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for noninvasive quantitative assessment of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.A total of 190 CKD patients were enrolled for 2D-SWE of right kidney. The success rates, coefficients of variation (CV), and pathological correlation of different measurement sites, body positions, and depths were compared.(1) Measurement sites: Success rate in the middle part (100%) was higher than that in the lower pole (97.3%, P 0.05). CV in the middle part (10.2%) was lower than that in the lower pole (16.4%, P 0.05). Pathological correlation of the middle part (r = - 0.452, P 0.05) was higher than that of the lower pole (r = 0.097, P 0.05). (2) Body positions: Success rate in left lateral decubitus position (100%) was higher than that in supine (99.4%, P 0.05) and prone position (99.4%, P 0.05). CV was lowest (11.9%) and pathological correlation was highest (r = -0.256, P 0.05) in prone position. (3) Measurement depths: Success rate at depth 4 cm (100%) was higher than that at depth ≥ 4 cm (98.8%, P 0.05). CV at depth 4 cm (11.1%) was lower than that at depth ≥ 4 cm (14.4%, P 0.05). Pathological correlation at depth 4 cm (r = - 0.303, P 0.05) was higher than that at depth ≥ 4 cm (r = - 0.156, P 0.05).The optimal measurement method of 2D-SWE for renal fibrosis assessment was prone position, renal middle part, and measurement depth 4 cm.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between peri-implant BMD and initial stability of implants when combined with the new artificial intelligence classification method of jaw density. Materials and Methods: 49 patients who received dental implant treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatological of Fujian Medical University were included. The torque value and implant stability quotient (ISQ) value of the implants after implantation were recorded. Artificial intelligence image segmentation software was used to obtain the distribution of jaw density in implant areas, and the neck, the middle, the bottom and the total bone mineral density (BMD) coefficients of the 1mm region around the implant were calculated by model overlap and image overlap techniques. Then, the correlation betwen ISQ and BMD evaluated by a new jaw density artificial intelligence classification method were investigated. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the BMD coefficient of the total, the neck and the middle region around implants and the ISQ value (P < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the BMD coefficient of the bottom around implants and the ISQ value (P > 0.05). BMD was significantly higher at the implant site with larger implant torque (P < 0.05). Conclusions：The results of this study suggest that there is a positive correlation between BMD coefficient and the ISQ. BMD of both the neck and the middle of the implant have a significant positive correlation with the ISQ, while BMD of the bottom of the implant has no significant correlation with ISQ.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the horizontal bone gain at the different level of alveolar bone using titanium screw as a reference plane by titanium mesh with tent screw (exposed or not) and autologous bone grafting. 16 patients and 23 measured points were enrolled in this study. CBCT data of immediately and 6 months after bone grafting were measured at crestal (CW), midway (MW), and basal (BW) level and reconstructed for area measurement. The exposure of Ti-mesh or not had been evaluated. The area of bone gained and absorption ratio were almost the same. The width absorption ratio of titanium mesh and onlay grafting group or at CW, MW, and BW were almost the same. However, the width absorption ratio of the exposed Ti-mesh at CW, MW, and BW were significantly higher than the not exposed one. Thin biotype was a main factor of titanium mesh exposure. The exposed Ti-mesh at late phase also can achieve clinically accepted bone gained after certain anti-inflammatory treatment. Ti-mesh with tenting screw could achieve the same bone augmentation effect as the autogenous bone block did, even it is exposed at late phase. However, the absorption ratio significantly increased if exposed.

Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is an essential stage in bone formation. Autophagy plays a pivotal role in the self-renewal potential and pluripotency of stem cells. This study aimed to explore the function of autophagy-related genes during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.The differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (ARGs) were obtained from the GEO and HADb databases. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using R software. The PPI and hub gene mining networks were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape. Finally, the RT-qPCR was conducted to validate the expression level of ARGs in BMSCs.Thirty-seven differentially expressed ARGs were finally obtained, including 12 upregulated and 25 downregulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that most of these genes were enriched in apoptosis and autophagy. The PPI network revealed strong interactions between differentially expressed ARGs. The expression level of differentially expressed ARGs tested by RT-qPCR showed 6 upregulated ARGs, includingWe identified 37 ARGs during osteogenic differentiation using bioinformatics analysis. FOXO1, MAP1LC3C, CTSB, FOXO3, CALCOCO2, FKBP1A, MAPK8IP1, NRG1, VEGFA, and ITGA6 may regulate osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by involving autophagy pathway. This study provides new insight into the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and may be available in developing therapeutic strategies for maxillofacial bone defects.

It remains a great challenge to develop effective strategies for improving the weak cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of the luminol-dissolved O

Foodborne pathogens causing food poisoning and infections are detrimental to human health, and the abuse of antibiotics induced severe antibiotic resistance in past decades. Thus, it is urgent to develop new antimicrobial agents. In the current study, human β-defensin 130 (hBD130), which is an antimicrobial peptide identified in human macrophages in 2017, was initially produced in Pichia pastoris. The purified hBD130 demonstrated broad bactericidal spectrum against foodborne pathogens through a membrane disruption, with concentrations ranging from 10 to 45 μg/mL. Moreover, hBD130 showed a low hemolytic effect and nearly no cytotoxicity to mammalian cells with a dosage of 400 μg/mL. In addition, the secretion amounts and mRNA levels of NO, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in LPS-induced mouse macrophage were significantly decreased with 1 mg/mL of hBD130. Taken together, these results showed that hBD130 is a promising antimicrobial agent to treat foodborne bacterial infections and inflammation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01087-y.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the horizontal bone gain at the different level of alveolar bone using titanium screw as a reference plane by titanium mesh with tent screw (exposed or not) and autologous bone grafting.Methods: 16 patients and 23 measured points were enrolled in this study. CBCT data of immediately and 6 months after bone grafting were measured at crestal (CW), midway (MW), and basal (BW) level and reconstructed for area measurement using titanium screw as reference plane. The exposure of titanium mesh or not had been evaluated.Results: The area of bone gained and absorption ratio were almost the same without statistical different. There were not statistical different between the titanium mesh and onlay grafting, and measured level at CW, MW, and BW, and the exposed titanium mesh and not exposed one. The width absorption ratio of titanium mesh and onlay grafting group or at CW, MW, and BW were almost the same. However, the width absorption ratio of the exposed titanium mesh at CW, MW, and BW were significantly higher than the not exposed one. Thin biotype was a main factor of the exposure of titanium mesh. The exposed titanium mesh at late phase also can achieve clinically accepted bone gained after certain anti-inflammatory treatment. Conclusions: Ti-mesh with tenting screw could achieve the same bone augmentation effect as the autogenous bone block did, even it is exposed at late phase. However, the absorption ratio significantly increased if exposed.

Adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen are crucial parameters for catalyst characterization and catalytic oxidation mechanism. Therefore, rapid discrimination of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen is highly desired. Herein, a direct correlation between cataluminescence (CTL) kinetic curve and oxygen species was discovered. The adsorbed oxygen-catalyzed CTL only lasted for a few minutes, whereas the lattice oxygen-catalyzed CTL could exhibit hours of continuous luminescence. The long-term CTL was attributed to the slow migration of lattice oxygen in a slow and continuous catalytic oxidation reaction. In addition to the discrimination between the adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen by the CTL kinetic processes, the corresponding CTL intensity was positively proportional to their amounts. Accordingly, the developed catalytic oxidation-related CTL can be used as an indicator for rapid discrimination and determination of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen in catalysts. Oxygen species detected by the proposed CTL method not only matched well with those obtained by conventional X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and O

To systematically appraise the effects of eHealth cognitive behavioural therapy on depression and anxiety severity, quality of life, adherence and attrition rates observed in adults with clinically diagnosed depression.eHealth-based cognitive behavioural therapy is an increasingly popular intervention on depression, but current reviews investigating the effects of eHealth interventions on depression are not exclusive to the clinically depressed.A systematic review and meta-analysis.Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of randomised controlled trials related to eHealth cognitive behavioural therapy published from inception from six databases and three trial registries was undertaken.A total of 15 studies were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that, when compared to passive comparators, eHealth cognitive behavioural therapy had a statistically significant effect on depression (d = -0.62, 95% CI: -0.96 to -0.28, p = .0003) and anxiety severity (d = -0.65, 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.21, p = .004) but not for quality of life (d = 0.30, 95% CI: -0.09 to 0.07, p = .13). When compared to active comparators, a statistically significant effect on depression (d = -0.31, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.07, p = .01) and anxiety severity (d = -0.50, 95% CI: -0.81 to -0.19, p = .002) was observed, but not for quality of life (d = 0.22, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.48, p = .10). Weighted averages for adherence and attrition rates were low.eHealth cognitive behavioural therapy showed effectiveness in reducing depression and anxiety severity, but not quality of life. Further research is required to culturally adapt CBT interventions and explore the long-term benefits of eHealth cognitive behavioural therapy.The use of eHealth-based cognitive behavioural therapy could potentially bridge treatment gaps and serve as an adjunct to active treatment plans or an alternative for those without access to treatment.

Accumulating evidence shows that pleomorphic adenoma (PA) exhibits a unique capsular invasion and with a crucial role in recurrence. This study was designed to explore RNA expression profiles in salivary gland PA in an attempt to further analyse genes associate with capsule invasion.We evaluated the expression profiles of 4 salivary gland PA patients by RNA-sequencing. The principal functions of the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) were explored using GO and KEGG analysis. Then, RT-qPCR and correlation analyses were performed to verify the candidate DEGs in 59 PA patients, and immunohistochemical examinations were conducted to validate candidate DEGs. Finally, the COMP-related genes were screened using correlation and biological pathway enrichment analysis, and further validated by RT-qPCR.A total of 974 DEGs were significantly upregulated, and 1464 were downregulated (fold change ≥2.0; p 0.05). Based on GO and KEGG analyses, extracellular matrix organization and the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway might play pivotal roles in the tumorigenesis of PA. 40 DEGs were screened and validated by RT-qPCR, 11 upregulated and 5 downregulated DEGs were consistent with the sequencing results. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was identified to have a significant correlation with the capsular invasion of PA and expression of COMP in patients with invasive capsular PA was significantly stronger than PA. Finally, further results could reveal that 5 highest scoring genes were screened as hub genes for COMP.These findings suggested that COMP may be a prognostic target for PA and might contribute to its capsular invasion.

A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform was established to screen oxygen vacancies in layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by fabricating graphitic carbon nitride/LDH nanocomposites. The oxygen vacancy concentrations determined by the developed ECL platform were in good agreement with those obtained by XPS.

Lactolisterin BU is a novel bacteriocin identified from Lactococcus lactis in 2017. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against food spoilage and foodborne pathogens. In this study, Lactolisterin BU was expressed in Pichia pastoris (P.pastoris) and isolated from the supernatant of yeast culture for the first time. It was found to exhibit a broad antimicrobial spectrum and rapid bactericidal activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens, both gram-positive and gram-negative ones, with minimum inhibition concentrations ranging within 10–60 μg/mL. The recombinant Lactolisterin BU (rLactolisterin BU) also had an antioxidant effect and was resistant to heating, acid–base, and high-dose-saline treatments and barely had any hemolytic activity or cytotoxicity. Moreover, rLactolisterin BU effectively suppressed the growth of bacterial pathogens; suppressed the increases in pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of pork samples; and maintained a high quality of fresh pork during storage at 4 ℃. Furthermore, rLactolisterin BU effectively inhibited the growth of three kinds of bacteria in a pork-spoilage model. Taken together, rLactolisterin BU could be a promising preservative for food storage.

Pork spoilage caused by foodborne bacteria contamination always leads to substantial economic loss in the meat industry. The toxicity and drug resistance of chemical preservatives have raised public concerns about their safety and stability. In this study, natto peptide from

Series of hierarchical nanosheet array-like composites xCu@Cu2O-CuNiAl(O)/rGO (x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) were constructed via proper calcination of pre-prepared hybrids CuxNi3-xAl-layered double hydroxide/rGO in N2 flow, upon the LDH layer atomic-level lattice confined in situ self-reduction for Cu2+ ions by rGO substrate along with the dispersion effect of Ni-OH groups. Systematic characterizations reveal that core@shell-type Cu@Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs) are definitely trapped in the border space among the vertically adjacent CuNiAl(O) nanosheets and rGO substrates. All the xCu@Cu2O-CuNiAl(O)/rGO composites exhibit excellent catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), particularly 1.5Cu@Cu2O-CuNiAl(O)/rGO possesses the highest activity (kapp: 7.6 × 10-2 s−1, TOF: 265.0 h−1), and superb reusability with insignificant loss in activity for continuous 25 cycles, much better than those of recently reported Cu-based catalysts and even comparable to some noble metal catalysts. The best performance of 1.5Cu@Cu2O-CuNiAl(O)/rGO can be mainly attributed to the most uniformly dispersed electrophilic core@shell Cu@Cu2O NPs modified by NiO species structurally and electronically, the strongest Cu–Cu2O–CuNiAl(O)–rGO synergistic effect upon the unique nanosheet array-like morphology providing more ion-accessible active sites, and much improved adsorption for 4-NP via rGO layer due to π-π stacking. The universality and fixed bed tests further demonstrate potential practical applications of the present hierarchical non-noble composites for water remediation. The present facile synthesis strategy of the nanosheet array-like Cu@Cu2O-CuNiAl(O)/rGO composites with multi-phases synergy may be greatly beneficial to the design and construction of many other highly efficient multi-transition metal-based catalysts with excellent structural robustness for a broad range of applications in related catalysis processes.

Defect-structured ZnaMgbAlc layered double hydroxides (d-ZnaMgbAlc-LDHs) with varying Mg/Zn ratios have been prepared by modifying the surface of ZnaMgbAlc-LDHs through a chemical etching method. The ultraviolet (UV) blocking properties of d-ZnaMgbAlc-LDHs were significantly improved, and d-Zn4Al2-LDH was added into asphalt to explore the potential anti–UV-aging application in asphalt. Research results show that 3 wt% of d-Zn4Al2-LDH could significantly improve the anti–UV-aging ability of asphalt, resulting from oxygen vacancy defects produced on the surface of d-Zn4Al2-LDH. Specifically, these oxygen defect vacancies can adsorb the free radicals generated during the asphalt aging process; therefore, it blocked the fragmentation of the macromolecule chain in asphalt and postponed the aging process.