1,316 results on '"Yuan, Qiang"'
Search Results
2. The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) Collaboration -- Contributions to the 10th International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino Detection Activities (ARENA 2024)
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Batista, Rafael Alves, Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien, Bister, Teresa, Bohacova, Martina, Bustamante, Mauricio, Carvalho, Washington, Chen, Yiren, Cheng, LingMei, Chiche, Simon, Colley, Jean-Marc, Correa, Pablo, Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu, Dai, Zigao, de Almeida, Rogerio M., de Errico, Beatriz, de Jong, Sijbrand, Neto, João R. T. de Mello, de Vries, Krijn D, Decoene, Valentin, Denton, Peter B., Duan, Bohao, Duan, Kaikai, Engel, Ralph, Erba, William, Fan, Yizhong, Ferrière, Arsène, Gou, QuanBu, Gu, Junhua, Guelfand, Marion, Guo, Jianhua, Guo, Yiqing, Guépin, Claire, Gülzow, Lukas, Haungs, Andreas, Havelka, Matej, He, Haoning, Hivon, Eric, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Huang, Yan, Huege, Tim, Jiang, Wen, Koirala, Ramesh, Kong, ChuiZheng, Kotera, Kumiko, Köhler, Jelena, Lago, Bruno L., Lai, Zhisen, Coz, Sandra Le, Legrand, François, Leisos, Antonios, Li, Rui, Li, Xingyu, Li, YiFei, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Ruoyu, Liu, Wei, Ma, Pengxiong, Macias, Oscar, Magnard, Frédéric, Marcowith, Alexandre, Martineau-Huynh, Olivier, McKinley, Thomas, Minodier, Paul, Mitra, Pragati, Mostafá, Miguel, Murase, Kohta, Niess, Valentin, Nonis, Stavros, Ogio, Shoichi, Oikonomou, Foteini, Pan, Hongwei, Papageorgiou, Konstantinos, Pierog, Tanguy, Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor, Prunet, Simon, Qian, Xiangli, Roth, Markus, Sako, Takashi, Schoorlemmer, Harm, Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel, Sławiński, Szymon, Tian, Xishui, Timmermans, Anne, Timmermans, Charles, Tobiska, Petr, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tueros, Matías, Vittakis, George, Wang, Hanrui, Wang, Jiale, Wang, Shen, Wang, Xiangyu, Wang, Xu, Wei, Daming, Wei, Feng, Wu, Xiangping, Wu, Xuefeng, Xu, Xin, Xu, Xing, Yang, Fufu, Yang, Lili, Yang, Xuan, Yuan, Qiang, Zarka, Philippe, Zeng, Houdun, Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, Kewen, Zhang, Pengfei, Zhang, Qingchi, Zhang, Songbo, Zhang, Yi, Zhou, Hao, Wissel, Stephanie, Zeolla, Andrew, Deaconu, Cosmin, Hughes, Kaeli, Martin, Zachary, Mulrey, Katharine, Cummings, Austin, Krömer, Oliver, Plant, Kathryn, and Schroeder, Frank G.
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
This is an index of the contributions by the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) Collaboration to the 10th International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino Detection Activities (ARENA 2024, University of Chicago, June 11-14, 2024). The contributions include an overview of GRAND in its present and future incarnations, methods of radio-detection that are being developed for them, and ongoing joint work between the GRAND and BEACON experiments., Comment: Note: To access the list of contributions, please follow the "HTML" link that can be found on the arXiv page
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- 2024
3. On-orbit calibration and long-term performance of the DAMPE trigger system
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Li, Wen-Hao, Yue, Chuan, Zhang, Yong-Qiang, Guo, Jian-Hua, and Yuan, Qiang
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne particle detector for measurements of high-energy cosmic rays and {\gamma}-rays. DAMPE has been operating smoothly in space for more than 8 years since launch on December 17, 2015. The trigger logic of DAMPE is designed according to the deposited energy information recorded by the calorimeter. The precise calibration of the trigger thresholds and their long-term evolutions are very important for the scientific analysis of DAMPE. In this work, we develop a new method for the threshold calibration, considering the influence from the electronic noise, and obtain the long-term evolutions of the trigger thresholds. The average increase rate of the trigger thresholds for the first 4 layers of the calorimeter is found to be about 0.9% per year, resulting in variations of the high-energy trigger efficiency of cosmic ray electrons by about -5% per year at 2 GeV and less than about -0.05% above 30 GeV., Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures
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- 2024
4. GRANDlib: A simulation pipeline for the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND)
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GRAND Collaboration, Batista, Rafael Alves, Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien, Bister, Teresa, Bohacova, Martina, Bustamante, Mauricio, Carvalho, Washington, Chen, Yiren, Cheng, LingMei, Chiche, Simon, Colley, Jean-Marc, Correa, Pablo, Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu, Dai, Zigao, de Almeida, Rogerio M., de Errico, Beatriz, de Jong, Sijbrand, Neto, João R. T. de Mello, de Vries, Krijn D., Decoene, Valentin, Denton, Peter B., Duan, Bohao, Duan, Kaikai, Engel, Ralph, Erba, William, Fan, Yizhong, Ferrière, Arsène, Gou, QuanBu, Gu, Junhua, Guelfand, Marion, Guo, Jianhua, Guo, Yiqing, Guépin, Claire, Gülzow, Lukas, Haungs, Andreas, Havelka, Matej, He, Haoning, Hivon, Eric, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Huang, Yan, Huege, Tim, Jiang, Wen, Koirala, Ramesh, Kong, ChuiZheng, Kotera, Kumiko, Köhler, Jelena, Lago, Bruno L., Lai, Zhisen, Coz, Sandra Le, Legrand, François, Leisos, Antonios, Li, Rui, Li, Xingyu, Li, YiFei, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Ruoyu, Liu, Wei, Ma, Pengxiong, Macias, Oscar, Magnard, Frédéric, Marcowith, Alexandre, Martineau-Huynh, Olivier, McKinley, Thomas, Minodier, Paul, Mitra, Pragati, Mostafá, Miguel, Murase, Kohta, Niess, Valentin, Nonis, Stavros, Ogio, Shoichi, Oikonomou, Foteini, Pan, Hongwei, Papageorgiou, Konstantinos, Pierog, Tanguy, Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor, Prunet, Simon, Qian, Xiangli, Roth, Markus, Sako, Takashi, Schoorlemmer, Harm, Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel, Sławiński, Szymon, Tian, Xishui, Timmermans, Anne, Timmermans, Charles, Tobiska, Petr, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tueros, Matías, Vittakis, George, Wang, Hanrui, Wang, Jiale, Wang, Shen, Wang, Xiangyu, Wang, Xu, Wei, Daming, Wei, Feng, Wu, Xiangping, Wu, Xuefeng, Xu, Xin, Xu, Xing, Yang, Fufu, Yang, Lili, Yang, Xuan, Yuan, Qiang, Zarka, Philippe, Zeng, Houdun, Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, Kewen, Zhang, Pengfei, Zhang, Qingchi, Zhang, Songbo, Zhang, Yi, and Zhou, Hao
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The operation of upcoming ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray, gamma-ray, and neutrino radio-detection experiments, like the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND), poses significant computational challenges involving the production of numerous simulations of particle showers and their detection, and a high data throughput. GRANDlib is an open-source software tool designed to meet these challenges. Its primary goal is to perform end-to-end simulations of the detector operation, from the interaction of ultra-high-energy particles, through -- by interfacing with external air-shower simulations -- the ensuing particle shower development and its radio emission, to its detection by antenna arrays and its processing by data-acquisition systems. Additionally, GRANDlib manages the visualization, storage, and retrieval of experimental and simulated data. We present an overview of GRANDlib to serve as the basis of future GRAND analyses., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, plus appendices
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- 2024
5. Simulation study of performance of the Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope
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Pan, Xu, Jiang, Wei, Yue, Chuan, Lei, Shi-Jun, Cui, Yu-Xin, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
The Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope (VLAST) is a mission concept proposed to detect gamma-ray photons through both the Compton scattering and electron-positron pair production mechanisms, enabling the detection of photons with energies ranging from MeV to TeV. This project aims to conduct a comprehensive survey of the gamma-ray sky from a low Earth orbit using an anti-coincidence detector, a tracker detector that also serves as a low energy calorimeter, and a high energy imaging calorimeter. We developed a Monte Carlo simulation application of the detector with the GEANT4 toolkit to evaluate the instrument performance including the effective area, angular resolution and energy resolution, as well as explored specific optimizations of the detector configuration. Our simulation-based analysis indicates that the VLAST's current design is physically feasible, with an acceptance larger than 10~$\rm m^2\ sr$ which is four times larger than Fermi-LAT, an energy resolution better than 2\% at 10~GeV, and an angular resolution better than 0.2 degrees at 10~GeV. The VLAST project is expected to make significant contribution to the field of gamma-ray astronomy and to enhance our understanding of the cosmos., Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures; Nuclear Science and Techniques in press
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- 2024
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6. A $\sim 43$ GeV $\gamma$-ray line signature in the directions of a group of nearby massive galaxy clusters
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Fan, Yi-Zhong, Shen, Zhao-Qiang, Liang, Yun-Feng, Li, Xiang, Duan, Kai-Kai, Xia, Zi-Qing, Huang, Xiao-Yuan, Feng, Lei, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
As the largest gravitationally bound objects in the Universe, galaxy clusters have provided the first piece of evidence for the presence of dark matter and may be suitable targets for indirect dark matter searches. Among various signals, the GeV-TeV $\gamma$-ray line has been taken as the smoking-gun signal of the dark matter annihilation/decay since no known astrophysical/physical process(es) could generate such a peculiar spectrum. With 15.5 years of Fermi-LAT P8R3 publicly available data, we search for the $\gamma$-ray line emission in the directions of a group of 13 nearby massive galaxy clusters with an unbinned likelihood analysis. A $\gamma$-ray line signal at $\sim 43.2$ GeV has a net TS value of $\approx 30$ if we only take into account the data in the directions of Virgo, Fornax and Ophiuchus clusters, three massive clusters with the highest J-factors expected to generate the dark matter annihilation signal. The signal still presents when the data of other 10 nearby massive clusters have also been included, though the TS value decreases to $\approx 21$ likely because of their lower signal-to-noise ratios. The absence of this signal in the inner Galaxy disfavors both the instrumental effect and the canonical dark matter annihilation interpretation, and a more sophisticated dark matter model or very peculiar astrophysical scenario might be needed. This $\gamma$-ray line signal, if intrinsic, could be unambiguously verified by the Very Large Area $\gamma$-ray Space Telescope in its first two years of performance., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Comments are welcome!
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- 2024
7. Impact of electron spectra on morphology of pulsar halos at ultra-high energies
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Guo, YingYing and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The extended $\gamma$-ray halos around pulsars are unique probe of transportation of high-energy electrons (and positrons) in vicinities of such pulsars. Observations of morphologies of several such halos indicate that particles diffuse very slowly around pulsars, compared with that in the Milky Way halo. The energy-dependent morphologies are expected to be very important in studying the energy-dependence of the diffusion coefficient. In this work we point out that the spectrum of high-energy electrons takes effect in shaping the $\gamma$-ray morphologies at the ultra-high-energy bands, and thus results in a degeneracy between the electron spectrum and the energy-dependence of the diffusion coefficient. The reasons for such a degeneracy include both the Klein-Nishina effect of the inverse Compton scattering and the curvature (if any) of the electron spectrum. It it thus necessary to take into account the spectral shape of electrons when deriving the energy-dependence of diffusion coefficient using ultra-high-energy $\gamma$-ray measurements of extended pulsar halos.
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- 2024
8. The AMS-02 cosmic ray deuteron flux is consistent with a secondary origin
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Yuan, Qiang and Fan, Yi-Zhong
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The recent measurements of cosmic ray deuteron fluxes by AMS-02 show that the rigidity dependence of deuterons is similar with that of protons but flatter than $^3$He, which has been attributed to the existence of primary deuterons with abundance much higher than that from the Big Bang nucleosynthesis. The requirement of highly deuteron-abundant sources imposes a serious challenge on the modern astrophysics since there is no known process to produce a large amount of deuterons without violating other constraints \cite{1976Natur.263..198E}. In this work we demonstrate that the fragmentation of heavy nuclei up to iron plays a crucial role in shaping/enhancing the spectrum/flux of the cosmic ray deuterons. Based on the latest cosmic ray data, the predicted secondary fluxes of deuterons and $^3$He are found to be reasonably consistent with the AMS-02 measurements and a primary deuteron component is not needed. The apparent difference between D/$^4$He (D/p) and $^3$He/$^4$He ($^3$He/p) is probably due to a combined effect of the kinetic-energy-to-rigidity conversion and the solar modulation. More precise measurements of the fragmentation cross sections of various nuclei to produce deuterons, tritons, and $^3$He in a wide energy range will be very helpful in further testing the secondary origin of cosmic ray deuterons., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table
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- 2024
9. Vector Angular Spectrum Model for light travelling in scattering media
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Liu, Kaige, Zhang, Hengkang, Liu, Zeqi, Zhang, Bin, Fu, Xing, Yuan, Qiang, and Liu, Qiang
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Physics - Optics - Abstract
Strongly scattering media disrupt both the wavefront distribution and the polarization state of the incident light field. Controlling and effectively utilizing depolarization effects are crucial for optical applications in highly scattering environments, such as imaging through dense fog. However, current simulation models have difficulty simulating the evolution of vector light fields within scattering media, posing challenges for studying vector light fields in strongly scattering environments. Here, we propose the Vector Angular Spectrum (VAS) model for simulating the propagation of vector light fields within scattering media. By introducing the angular spectrum distribution of vector light scattering and polarization conversion mechanisms, this model can simulate the depolarization effects of vector light propagating through strongly scattering media. The VAS model has also been used to investigate the focusing of vector scattered light through scattering media. Furthermore, the simulation results of the model have been validated through experiments. The proposed VAS model is expected to play a role in the theoretical research of vector scattered light and optical applications in strongly scattering environments.
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- 2024
10. Precise measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum and $\left \langle \ln A \right \rangle$ by LHAASO -- connecting the Galactic to the extragalactic components
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Lv, Xing-Jian, Bi, Xiao-Jun, Fang, Kun, Guo, Yi-Qing, He, Hui-Hai, Ma, Ling-Ling, Yin, Peng-Fei, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhao, Meng-Jie
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Recently LHAASO Collaboration gives precise measurements of cosmic rays (CR) all particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass $\left \langle \ln A \right \rangle$ from 0.3 PeV to 30 PeV. Combining the CR measurements by AMS-02 and DAMPE in space and that by LHAASO and Auger on the ground we construct a model to recover all these measurements from tens of GeV to tens of EeV. We find the LHAASO measurement is crucial in the model construction by connecting the Galactic component to the extragalactic component. The precise measurements of CR spectra for individual species by AMS-02 and DAMPE together with the newest LHAASO results clearly indicates three Galactic CR components, that is, a soft low energy background, a hard high energy component, and a local source contribution. However, the LHAASO data show that above $\sim 10^{16}$ eV a nonnegligible extragalactic component must be included. Combining the Auger results and the LHAASO results we figure out the extragalactic CRs which need at least two components at lower and higher energies. Thanks to the precise measurements by LHAASO the constraints on the model parameters are quite stringent. The spectra features and mass measurements in all energy range are all well reproduced in the model., Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables
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- 2024
11. Injection spectra of different species of cosmic rays from AMS-02, ACE-CRIS and Voyager-1
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Pan, Xu and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Precise measurements of energy spectra of different cosmic ray species were obtained in recent years, by particularly the AMS-02 experiment on the International Space Station. It has been shown that apparent differences exist in different groups of the primary cosmic rays. However, it is not straightforward to conclude that the source spectra of different particle groups are different since they will experience different propagation processes (e.g., energy losses and fragmentations) either. In this work, we study the injection spectra of different nuclear species using the measurements from Voyager-1 outside the solar system, and ACR-CRIS and AMS-02 on top of atmosphere, in a physical framework of cosmic ray transportation. Two types of injection spectra are assumed, the broken power-law and the non-parametric spline interpolation form. The non-parametric form fits the data better than the broken power-law form, implying that potential structures beyond the constrained spectral shape of broken power-law may exist. For different nuclei the injection spectra are overall similar in shape but do show some differences among each other. For the non-parametric spectral form, the helium injection spectrum is the softest at low energies and the hardest at high energies. For both spectral shapes, the low-energy injection spectrum of neon is the hardest among all these species, and the carbon and oxygen spectra have more prominent bumps in 1-10 GV in the R2dN/dR presentation. Such differences suggest the existence of differences in the sources or acceleration processes of various nuclei of cosmic rays.
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- 2024
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12. Galactic diffuse emission from radio to ultra-high-energy gamma rays in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
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He, Xin-Yu, Zhang, Pei-Pei, Yuan, Qiang, and Guo, Yi-Qing
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Cosmic rays travel throughout the Galaxy, leaving traces from radio to ultra-high-energy gamma rays due to interactions with the interstellar gas, radiation field and magnetic field. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize multi-wavelength investigations on the Galactic diffuse emission to shed light on the physics of CR production and propagation. In this work, we present a spatially dependent propagation scenario, taking account of a local source contribution, while making allowances for an additional CR component freshly accelerated near their sources. In this picture, after reproducing the particle measurements at the Solar system, we calculated the intensity and compared the spectral energy distribution to observations from Fermi-LAT and LHAASO-KM2A in the gamma-ray band, and from WMAP and Planck among other radio surveys at lower energies. Multi-band data considered in conjunction, the former comparison exhibits sufficiently good consistency in favor of our model, while the latter calls for improvement in data subtraction and processing. From this standpoint, there remains potential for advanced observations at energies from milli-eVs to MeVs towards the Galactic plane, in order to evaluate our model further and more comprehensively in the future., Comment: Accepted by ApJ
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- 2024
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13. Restraining growth of Zn dendrites by poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium cations in aqueous electrolytes
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Zhang, Xiang-Xin, Chen, Yuan-Qiang, Lin, Chang-Xin, Lin, Yuan-Sheng, Hu, Guo-Lin, Liu, Yong-Chuan, Xue, Xi-Lai, Chen, Su-Jing, Yang, Zhan-Lin, Sa, Bai-Sheng, and Zhang, Yi-Ning
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- 2024
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14. Prospects for Joint Detection of Gravitational Waves with Counterpart Gamma-Ray Bursts Detected by the HADAR Experiment
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Hu, Pei-Jin, Chen, Qi-Ling, Chen, Tian-Lu, Kang, Ming-Ming, Guo, Yi-Qing, Luo-Bu, Dan-Zeng, Feng, You-Liang, Gao, Qi, Gou, Quan-Bu, Hu, Hong-Bo, Li, Hai-Jin, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Mao-Yuan, Liu, Wei, Qian, Xiang-Li, Qiao, Bing-Qiang, Su, Jing-Jing, Sun, Hui-Ying, Wang, Xu, Wang, Zhen, Xin, Guang-Guang, Yang, Chao-Wen, Yao, Yu-Hua, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhang, Yi
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The detection of GW170817/GRB170817A implied the strong association between short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and binary neutron star (BNS) mergers which produce gravitational waves (GWs). More evidence is needed to confirm the association and reveal the physical processes of BNS mergers. The upcoming High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment, excelling in a wide field of view (FOV) and a large effective area above tens of GeV, is a hope for the prompt detection of very-high-energy (VHE; > 10 GeV) SGRBs. The aim of this paper is to simulate and analyse GW/SGRB joint detections by future GW detector networks in synergy with HADAR, including the second generation LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA and the third generation ET and CE. We provide a brief introduction of the HADAR experiment for SGRB simulations and its expected SGRB detections. For GW simulations, we adopt a phenomenological model to describe GWs produced by BNS mergers and introduce the signal-noise ratios (SNRs) as detector responses. Following a theoretical analysis we compute the redshift-dependent efficiency functions of GW detector networks. We then construct the simulation of GW detection by Monte Carlo sampling. We compare the simulated results of LIGO-Virgo O2 and O3 runs with their actual detections as a check. The combination of GW and SGRB models is then discussed for joint detection, including parameter correlations, triggered SNRs and efficiency skymaps. The estimated joint detection rates are 0.09-2.52 per year for LHVK network with HADAR under different possible configurations, and approximately 0.27-7.89 per year for ET+CE network with HADAR.
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- 2024
15. Isavuconazole Induces Neurodevelopment Defects and Motor Behaviour Impairment in Zebrafish Larvae
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Zhang, Li, Li, Xue, Yuan, Qiang, Sun, Sujie, Liu, Fasheng, Liao, Xinjun, Lu, Huiqiang, Chen, Jianjun, and Cao, Zigang
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- 2024
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16. Insights from LHAASO and IceCube into the origin of the Galactic diffuse teraelectronvolt–petaelectronvolt emission
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Yan, Kai, Liu, Ruo-Yu, Zhang, Rui, Li, Chao-Ming, Yuan, Qiang, and Wang, Xiang-Yu
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- 2024
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17. Inelastic Scattering of Dark Matter with Heavy Cosmic Rays
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Lu, Keyu, Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhang, Le
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We investigate the impact of inelastic collisions between dark matter (DM) and heavy cosmic ray (CR) nuclei on CR propagation. We approximate the fragmentation cross-sections for DM-CR collisions using collider-measured proton-nuclei scattering cross-sections, allowing us to assess how these collisions affect the spectra of CR Boron and Carbon. We derive new CR spectra from DM-CR collisions by incorporating their cross-sections into the source terms and solving the diffusion equation for the complete network of reactions involved in generating secondary species. In a specific example with a coupling strength of $b_{\chi}=0.1$ and a DM mass of $m_{\chi}=0.1$ GeV, considering a simplified scenario where DM interacts exclusively with Oxygen, a notable modification in the Boron-to-Carbon spectrum due to the DM-CR interaction is observed. Particularly, the peak within the spectrum, spanning from $0.1$ GeV to $10$ GeV, experiences an enhancement of approximately 1.5 times. However, in a more realistic scenario where DM particles interact with all CRs, this peak can be amplified to twice its original value.Utilizing the latest data from AMS-02 and DAMPE on the Boron-to-Carbon ratio, we estimate a 95\% upper limit for the effective inelastic cross-section of DM-proton as a function of DM mass. Our findings reveal that at $m_\chi\simeq 2$ MeV, the effective inelastic cross-section between DM and protons must be less than $\mathcal{O}(10^{-32})~{\rm cm}^2$., Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures
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- 2023
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18. Application of Deep Learning Methods Combined with Physical Background in Wide Field of View Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes
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Cheng, Ao-Yan, Cai, Hao, Chen, Shi, Chen, Tian-Lu, Dong, Xiang, Feng, You-Liang, Gao, Qi, Gou, Quan-Bu, Guo, Yi-Qing, Hu, Hong-Bo, Kang, Ming-Ming, Li, Hai-Jin, Liu, Chen, Liu, Mao-Yuan, Liu, Wei, Min, Fang-Sheng, Pan, Chu-Cheng, Qiao, Bing-Qiang, Qian, Xiang-Li, Sun, Hui-Ying, Sun, Yu-Chang, Wang, Ao-Bo, Wang, Xu, Wang, Zhen, Xin, Guang-Guang, Yao, Yu-Hua, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhang, Yi
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The HADAR experiment, which will be constructed in Tibet, China, combines the wide-angle advantages of traditional EAS array detectors with the high sensitivity advantages of focused Cherenkov detectors. Its physics objective is to observe transient sources such as gamma-ray bursts and counterparts of gravitational waves. The aim of this study is to utilize the latest AI technology to enhance the sensitivity of the HADAR experiment. We have built training datasets and models with distinctive creativity by incorporating relevant physical theories for various applications. They are able to determine the kind, energy, and direction of incident particles after careful design. We have obtained a background identification accuracy of 98.6%, a relative energy reconstruction error of 10.0%, and an angular resolution of 0.22-degrees in a test dataset at 10 TeV. These findings demonstrate the enormous potential for enhancing the precision and dependability of detector data analysis in astrophysical research. Thanks to deep learning techniques, the HADAR experiment's observational sensitivity to the Crab Nebula has surpassed that of MAGIC and H.E.S.S. at energies below 0.5 TeV and remains competitive with conventional narrow-field Cherenkov telescopes at higher energies. Additionally, our experiment offers a fresh approach to dealing with strongly connected scattered data.
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- 2023
19. Listening for echo from the stimulated axion decay with the 21 CentiMeter Array
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Arza, Ariel, Guo, Quan, Wu, Lei, Yang, Qiaoli, Yang, Xiaolong, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhu, Bin
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The axion is a hypothetical elementary particle that could solve the long-standing strong CP problem in particle physics and the dark matter mystery in the cosmos. Due to the stimulation of the ambient photons, the axion dark matter decay into photons is significantly enhanced so that its echo signal could be detected by terrestrial telescopes. As a pathfinder, we study the expected sensitivity of searching for the axion dark matter in the mass range between $0.41$ and $1.6\mu\text{eV}$ with the 21 CentiMeter Array (21CMA). We aim to cover the whole 21CMA frequency range in two years by using a 1MW emitter. We find that the resulting sensitivity on the axion-photon coupling could surpass other existing limits by about one order of magnitude., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures
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- 2023
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20. A common origin of multi-messenger spectral anomaly of galactic cosmic rays
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Yao, Yu-Hua, Dong, Xu-Lin, Guo, Yi-Qing, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Recent observations of cosmic rays (CRs) have revealed a two-component anomaly in the spectra of primary and secondary particles, as well as their ratios, prompting investigation into their common origin. In this study, we incorporate the identification of slow diffusion zones around sources as a common phenomenon into our calculations, which successfully reproduces all previously described anomalies except for the positron spectrum. Crucially, our research offers a clear physical picture of the origin of CR: while high-energy ($\textrm{>200~GV}$, including the knee) particles are primarily produced by fresh accelerators and are confined to local regions, low energy ($\textrm{<200~GV}$) components come from distant sources and travel through the outer diffusive zone outside of the galactic disk. This scenario can be universally applied in the galactic disk, as evidenced by ultra-high energy diffuse $\rm\gamma$-ray emissions detected by the AS$\rm\gamma$ experiment. Furthermore, our results predict that the spectrum of diffuse $\rm\gamma$-ray is spatial-dependent, resting with local sources, which can be tested by LHAASO experiment., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted by PhysRevD
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- 2023
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21. HIV infection increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Wei Huang, Yao-dan Zhang, Ping Wang, Cong-ying Song, Xuan Lu, Meng-xiao Feng, and Yuan-qiang Lu
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HIV ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Systematic review and meta-analysis ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Objective In order to synthesize available results regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide quantitative estimates of associated risk. Methods A systematic search of four scientific databases, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Scopus, was performed. The overall odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% CI was calculated via a random effects model. Sensitivity analyses and tests for publication bias were then performed. Results Of the 3046 articles retrieved, seven studies with a cumulative sample size greater than 57,000,000 were included in our analysis. A subsequent meta-analysis based on a random effects model (heterogeneity test, I2 = 99.9) revealed an association between HIV infection and IBD: OR = 2.68 (95% CI: 1.17, 6.13). The funnel plot of this meta-analysis was asymmetric (Egger’s test: P = 0.01), and significant publication bias was found. Sensitivity analysis of the 3 dimensions revealed that the results of this meta-analysis were relatively stable. Conclusions A significant correlation may exist between HIV infection and intestinal disease, and more large-scale studies are needed to draw firm conclusions. It is recommended that HIV patients be screened for intestinal diseases.
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- 2024
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22. The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) Collaboration -- Contributions to the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023)
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GRAND Collaboration, Batista, Rafael Alves, Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien, Bister, Teresa, Bustamante, Mauricio, Chen, Yiren, Cheng, LingMei, Chiche, Simon, Colley, Jean-Marc, Correa, Pablo, Laurenciu, Nicoleta Cucu, Dai, Zigao, de Errico, Beatriz, de Jong, Sijbrand, Neto, João R. T. de Mello, de Vries, Krijn D., Denton, Peter B., Decoene, Valentin, Duan, Kaikai, Duan, Bohao, Engel, Ralph, Fan, Yizhong, Ferrière, Arsène, Gou, QuanBu, Gu, Junhua, Guelfand, Marion, Guo, Jianhua, Guo, Yiqing, Gupta, Vaidhai, Guépin, Claire, Gülzow, Lukas, Haungs, Andreas, He, Haoning, Hivon, Eric, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Huang, Yan, Huege, Tim, Jiang, Wen, Koirala, Ramesh, Kotera, Kumiko, Köhler, Jelena, Lago, Bruno L., Coz, Sandra Le, Legrand, François, Leisos, Antonios, Li, Rui, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Ruoyu, Liu, Wei, Ma, Pengxiong, Macias, Oscar, Magnard, Frédéric, Martineau-Huynh, Olivier, Mikhno, Ananstasiia, Mitra, Pragati, Mostafá, Miguel, Mottez, Fabrice, Mouette, Jean, Murase, Kohta, Niess, Valentin, Nonis, Stavros, Ogio, Shoichi, Oikonomou, Foteini, Pierog, Tanguy, Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor, Poisvert, Pierre, Prunet, Simon, Qian, Xiangli, Roth, Markus, Sako, Takashi, Schoorlemmer, Harm, Steeman, Bart, Szálas-Motesiczky, Dániel, Sławiński, Szymon, Timmermans, Anne, Timmermans, Charles, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tueros, Matías, Wang, Shen, Wang, Xiangyu, Wang, Xu, Wei, Daming, Wei, Feng, Wu, Xiangping, Wu, Xuefeng, Xu, Xin, Xu, Xing, Yang, Lili, Yang, Xuan, Yuan, Qiang, Zarka, Philippe, Zeng, Houdun, Zhang, Chao, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, Kewen, Zhang, Pengfei, Zhang, Songbo, and Zhou, Hao
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is an envisioned observatory of ultra-high-energy particles of cosmic origin, with energies in excess of 100 PeV. GRAND uses large surface arrays of autonomous radio-detection units to look for the radio emission from extensive air showers that are triggered by the interaction of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, gamma rays, and neutrinos in the atmosphere or underground. In particular, for ultra-high-energy neutrinos, the future final phase of GRAND aims to be sensitive enough to discover them in spite of their plausibly tiny flux. Presently, three prototype GRAND radio arrays are in operation: GRANDProto300, in China, GRAND@Auger, in Argentina, and GRAND@Nancay, in France. Their goals are to field-test the design of the radio-detection units, understand the radio background to which they are exposed, and develop tools for diagnostic, data gathering, and data analysis. This list of contributions to the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023) presents an overview of GRAND, in its present and future incarnations, and a look at the first data collected by GRANDProto13, the first phase of GRANDProto300., Comment: Note: To access the list of contributions, please follow the "HTML" link that can be found on the arXiv page (v2: fixed name spelling of one author)
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- 2023
23. BGO quenching effect on spectral measurements of cosmic-ray nuclei in DAMPE experiment
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Chen, Zhan-Fang, Yue, Chuan, Jiang, Wei, Cui, Ming-Yang, Yuan, Qiang, Wang, Ying, Zhao, Cong, and Wei, Yi-Feng
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne detector designed to measure high energy cosmic-rays and $\gamma$-rays. As a key sub-detector of DAMPE, the Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) imaging calorimeter is utilized to measure the particle energy with a high resolution. The nonlinear fluorescence response of BGO for large ionization energy deposition, known as the quenching effect, results in an under-estimate of the energy measurement for cosmic-ray nuclei. In this paper, various models are employed to characterize the BGO quenching factors obtained from the experimental data of DAMPE. Applying the proper quenching model in the detector simulation process, we investigate the tuned energy responses for various nuclei and compare the results based on two different simulation softwares, i.e. GEANT4 and FLUKA. The BGO quenching effect results in a decrease of the measured energy by approximately $2.5\%$ ($5.7 \%$) for carbon (iron) at $\sim$10 GeV/n and $<1\%$ above 1 TeV/n, respectively. Accordingly, the correction of the BGO quenching effect leads to an increase of the low-energy flux measurement of cosmic-ray nuclei., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A
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- 2023
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24. Insights from LHAASO and IceCube into the origin of the Galactic diffuse TeV--PeV emission
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Yan, Kai, Liu, Ruo-Yu, Zhang, Rui, Li, Chao-Ming, Yuan, Qiang, and Wang, Xiang-Yu
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission and neutrino emission are expected from the Galactic plane, generated by hadronuclear interactions between cosmic rays (CR) and interstellar medium (ISM). Therefore, measurements of these diffuse emissions will provide important clues on the origin and nature of Galactic CRs. Comparing the latest observations of LHAASO and IceCube on the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray and neutrino emissions respectively, we suggest that the diffuse gamma-ray emission at multi-TeV energies contains a considerable contribution of a leptonic component. By modelling the gamma-ray halos powered by middle-aged pulsars in our Galaxy with taking into account the magnetic field configuration and the interstellar radiation field in the Galaxy, we demonstrate that the collective contribution of pulsar halos can account for the excess in the measured diffuse gamma-ray emission with respect to the predicted flux from CR-ISM interactions. The resulting one-dimensional profile along the Galactic longitude is also consistent with the observation., Comment: 28 pages, 13 figures; published in Nature Astronomy
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- 2023
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25. Multi-messenger observations support cosmic ray interactions surrounding acceleration sources
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Sun, Dong-Xu, Zhang, Pei-Pei, Guo, Yi-Qing, Liu, Wei, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The observations of the energy spectra of cosmic-ray have revealed complicated structures. Especially, spectral hardenings in the boron-to-carbon and boron-to-oxygen ratios above $\sim 200$ GV has been revealed by AMS-02 and DAMPE experiments. One scenario to account for the hardenings of secondary-to-primary ratios is the nuclear fragmentation of freshly accelerated particles around sources. In this work, we further study this scenario based on new observations of Galactic diffuse gamma rays by LHAASO and neutrinos by IceCube. We find that the spectra of cosmic ray nuclei, the diffuse ultra-high-energy gamma rays, and the Galactic component of neutrinos can be simultaneously explained, given an average confinement and interaction time of $\sim 0.25$ Myr around sources. These multi-messenger data thus provide evidence of non-negligible grammage of Galactic cosmic rays surrounding sources besides the traditional one during the propagation., Comment: 10 papes, 5 pages
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- 2023
26. Primordial magnetic field as a common solution of nanohertz gravitational waves and the Hubble tension
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Li, Yao-Yu, Zhang, Chi, Wang, Ziwei, Cui, Ming-Yang, Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming, Yuan, Qiang, and Fan, Yi-Zhong
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The origin of interstellar and intergalactic magnetic fields remains largely unknown. One possibility is that they are related to the primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) produced by, for instance, the phase transitions of the early Universe. In this paper, we show that the PMF-induced turbulence generated at around the QCD phase transition epoch--the characteristic magnetic field strength $B_{\rm ch}^* \sim \mathcal{O}(1)~\rm{\mu G}$ and coherent length scale $\ell_{\rm ch}^* \sim \mathcal{O}(1)~\rm{pc}$--can naturally accommodate nanohertz gravitational waves reported by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations. Moreover, the evolution of the PMFs to the recombination era with the form of $B_{\rm ch}\sim \ell_{\rm ch}^{-\alpha}$ can induce baryon density inhomogeneities, alter the recombination history, and alleviate the tension of the Hubble parameter $H_0$ and the matter clumpiness parameter $S_8$ between early- and late-time measurements for $0.88\leq \alpha \leq 1.17$ (approximate 95\% credible region based on three PTA likelihoods). The further evolved PMFs may account for the $\sim {\cal O}(10^{-16})$ Gauss extragalactic magnetic field inferred with GRB 221009A., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
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- 2023
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27. Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission from GeV to PeV energies in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
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Zhang, Rui, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Xu, Zhi-Hui, Zhao, Shiping, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The diffuse gamma-ray emission between 10 and 1000 TeV from the Galactic plane was recently measured by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). These observations will help tremendously in constraining the propagation and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. Additionally, new measurements of CR spectra reach a very high precision up to 100 TeV energies, revealing multiple spectral structures of various species. In this work, we confront the model prediction of the diffuse gamma-ray emission, based on up-to-date measurements of the local cosmic ray spectra and simplified propagation setup, with the measurements of diffuse gamma-rays. To better constrain the low-energy part of the model, we analyze the 14.6 years of Fermi-LAT data to extract the Galactic diffuse emission between 1 and 500 GeV from the same sky regions of LHAASO, after subtracting the contribution from known sources and the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background. The joint Fermi-LAT and LHAASO spectra thus cover a very wide energy range from 1 GeV to 1 PeV with small gaps from 0.5 to 10 TeV. Compared with the prediction, we find that clear excesses between several GeV and ~60 TeV of the diffuse emission exist. Possible reasons to explain the excesses may include unresolved sources or more complicated propagation models. We illustrate that an exponential-cutoff-power-law component with an index of -2.40 and cutoff energy of ~30 TeV is able to account for such excesses.
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- 2023
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28. Early Intraventricular Antibiotic Therapy Improved In-Hospital-Mortality in Neurocritical Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Nosocomial Meningitis and Ventriculitis
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Li, Zhiqi, Yang, Weijian, Ye, Xiangru, Yuan, Qiang, Zhao, Jianlan, Du, Zhuoying, Yu, Jian, Sun, Yirui, Wu, Xuehai, and Hu, Jin
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- 2024
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29. An alternative approach to improve the compatibility of PCE in cement paste blend with coal gangue powder
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Xie, Zonglin, Li, Yuxuan, Sun, Dahui, Tian, Yi, Hu, Jinyuan, Yuan, Qiang, and Chen, Zheng
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- 2024
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30. Incorporation of CEUS and SWE parameters into a multivariate logistic regression model for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant TI-RADS 4 thyroid nodules
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Li, Hong-Jing, Sui, Guo-Qing, Teng, Deng-Ke, Lin, Yuan-Qiang, and Wang, Hui
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- 2024
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31. Eigenstate polyaniline deposited on carbon cloth with optimized electrochemical performance for supercapacitors
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Xu, Hui, Ma, Ji, Zhu, Yuan-qiang, Jiang, Xu-dong, and Chen, Yong
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- 2024
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32. Potential of Constraining Propagation Parameters of Galactic Cosmic Rays with the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection facility onboard China's Space Station
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Xu, Zhi-Hui, Yuan, Qiang, Tang, Zhi-Cheng, and Bi, Xiao-Jun
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Precise measurements of the spectra of secondary and primary cosmic rays are crucial for understanding the origin and propagation of those energetic particles. The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility onboard China`s Space Station, which is expected to operate in 2027, will push the direct measurements of cosmic ray fluxes precisely up to PeV energies. In this work, we investigate the potential of HERD on studying the propagation of cosmic rays using the measurements of boron, carbon, and oxygen spectra. We find that, compared with the current results, the new HERD measurements can improve the accuracy of the propagation parameters by 8\% to 40\%. The constraints on the injection spectra at high energies will also be improved., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
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33. Constraining ultralight dark matter using the Fermi-LAT pulsar timing array
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Xia, Zi-Qing, Tang, Tian-Peng, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Yuan, Qiang, and Fan, Yi-Zhong
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is proposed as a theoretical candidate of dark matter particles with masses of approximately $10^{-22}$ eV. The interactions between ULDM particles and standard model particles would cause variations in pulse arrival times of millisecond pulsars, which means that the pulsar timing array (PTA) can be used to indirectly detect ULDM. In this letter, we use the gamma-ray PTA composed of 29 millisecond pulsars observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) to test four ULDM effects, including gravitational effects for generalized ULDM with different Spin-0/1, the fifth-force coupling effect of dark photon, and the modified gravitational effect of the Spin-2 ULDM. The gamma-ray pulsar timing is not affected by the ionized interstellar medium and suffers relatively simple noises, unlike that of the radio band. Our work is the first time that the gamma-ray PTA has been used to search for the ULDM. No significant signals of ULDM are found based on the Fermi-LAT PTA for all four kinds of ULDM models. Constraints on ULDM parameters are set with the 95% confidence level, which provides a complementary check of the nondetection of ULDM for radio PTAs and direct detection experiments., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; publish as a Letter in Phys. Rev. D
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- 2023
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34. Prospects for detection rate of very-high-energy {\gamma}-ray emissions from short {\gamma}-ray bursts with the HADAR experiment
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Chen, Qi-Ling, Hu, Pei-Jin, Su, Jing-Jing, Kang, Ming-Ming, Guo, Yi-Qing, Chen, Tian-Lu, Luo-Bu, Dan-Zeng, Fan, Yu-fan, Feng, You-Liang, Gao, Qi, Gou, Quan-Bu, Hu, Hong-Bo, Li, Hai-Jin, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Mao-Yuan, Liu, Wei, Qian, Xiang-Li, Qiao, Bing-Qiang, Sun, Hui-Ying, Wang, Xu, Wang, Zhen, Xin, Guang-Guang, Yao, Yu-Hua, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhang, Yi
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The observation of short gamma ray bursts (SGRBs) in the TeV energy range plays an important role in understanding the radiation mechanism and probing new areas of physics such as Lorentz invariance violation. However, no SGRB has been observed in this energy range due to the short duration of SGRBs and the weakness of current experiments. New experiments with new technology are required to detect sub-TeV SGRBs. In this work, we observe the very high energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray emissions from SGRBs and calculate the annual detection rate with the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation HADAR (HADAR) experiment. First, a set of pseudo-SGRB samples is generated and checked using the observations of Fermi-GBM, Fermi-LAT, and SWIFT measurements. The annual detection rate is calculated from these SGRB samples based on the performance of the HADAR instrument. As a result, the HADAR experiment can detect 0.5 SGRB per year if the spectral break-off of $\gamma$-rays caused by the internal absorption is larger than 100 GeV. For a GRB09010-like GRB in HADAR's view, it should be possible to detect approximately 2000 photons considering the internal absorption. With a time delay assumption due to the Lorentz invariance violation effects, a simulated light curve of GRB090510 has evident energy dependence. We hope that the HADAR experiment can perform the SGRB observations and test our calculations in the future.
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- 2023
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35. Exploring dark matter spike distribution around the Galactic centre with stellar orbits
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Shen, Zhao-Qiang, Yuan, Guan-Wen, Jiang, Cheng-Zi, Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming, Yuan, Qiang, and Fan, Yi-Zhong
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
Precise measurements of the stellar orbits around Sagittarius A* have established the existence of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the Galactic centre (GC). Due to the interplay between the SMBH and dark matter (DM), the DM density profile in the innermost region of the Galaxy, which is crucial for the DM indirect detection, is still an open question. Among the most popular models in the literature, the theoretical spike profile proposed by Gondolo and Silk (1999; GS hereafter) is well adopted. In this work, we investigate the DM spike profile using updated data from the Keck and VLT telescopes considering that the presence of such an extended mass component may affect the orbits of the S-stars in the Galactic center. We examine the radius and slope of the generalized NFW spike profile, analyze the Einasto spike, and discuss the influence of DM annihilation on the results. Our findings indicate that an initial slope of $\gamma \gtrsim 0.92$ for the generalized NFW spike profile is ruled out at a 95% confidence level. Additionally, the spike radius $R_{\rm sp}$ larger than 21.5 pc is rejected at 95% probability for the Einasto spike with $\alpha=0.17$, which also contradicts the GS spike model. The constraints with the VLT/GRAVITY upper limits are also projected. Although the GS NFW spike is well constrained by the Keck and VLT observation of S2, an NFW spike with a weak annihilation cusp may still be viable, as long as the DM annihilation cross section satisfies $\left< \sigma v \right> \gtrsim 7.7\times 10^{-27}~{\rm cm^3\,s^{-1}} (m_{\rm DM}/100~{\rm GeV})$ at 95% level., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
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- 2023
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36. Harnessing virus flexibility to selectively capture and profile rare circulating target cells for precise cancer subtyping
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Hui-Da Li, Yuan-Qiang Chen, Yan Li, Xing Wei, Si-Yi Wang, Ying Cao, Rui Wang, Cong Wang, Jing-Yue Li, Jian-Yi Li, Hong-Ming Ding, Ting Yang, Jian-Hua Wang, and Chuanbin Mao
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The effective isolation of rare target cells, such as circulating tumor cells, from whole blood is still challenging due to the lack of a capturing surface with strong target-binding affinity and non-target-cell resistance. Here we present a solution leveraging the flexibility of bacterial virus (phage) nanofibers with their sidewalls displaying target circulating tumor cell-specific aptamers and their ends tethered to magnetic beads. Such flexible phages, with low stiffness and Young’s modulus, can twist and adapt to recognize the cell receptors, energetically enhancing target cell capturing and entropically discouraging non-target cells (white blood cells) adsorption. The magnetic beads with flexible phages can isolate and count target cells with significant increase in cell affinity and reduction in non-target cell absorption compared to magnetic beads having rigid phages. This differentiates breast cancer patients and healthy donors, with impressive area under the curve (0.991) at the optimal detection threshold (>4 target cells mL−1). Immunostaining of captured circulating tumor cells precisely determines breast cancer subtypes with a diagnostic accuracy of 91.07%. Our study reveals the power of viral mechanical attributes in designing surfaces with superior target binding and non-target anti-fouling.
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- 2024
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37. Safety and clinical efficacy of double posterolateral coaxial portals for endoscopic management of posterior ankle impingement syndrome
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Rui Li, Yuan-Qiang Li, Kun-Gao He, Xiao-Li Gou, Chen-Ke Zhang, Wan Chen, Fang-Yuan Wei, and Cheng-Song Yuan
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Anatomic research ,Clinical efficacy ,Impingement syndrome ,Operative approach ,Posterior ankle ,Safety ,Sports medicine ,RC1200-1245 - Abstract
Background: This study aims to analyze the safety and clinical efficacy of using double posterolateral coaxial portals for endoscopic treatment of posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS), a procedure that has gained popularity in recent times. Methods: Six fresh foot samples were randomly selected to measure the distances of two posterolateral portals to the sural nerve in different positions (plantar flexion 10°, dorsiflexion 30°, and plantar flexion 30°) for safety evaluation. A prospective analysis was conducted on the clinical efficacy of the operative approach for endoscopic management of posterior ankle impingement syndrome, including evaluation of effectiveness and complications. Results: In this study, the mean distances of the first and second portals to the sural nerve were measured in different ankle positions. The distances were found to be 2.26 ± 0.22 cm and 1.59 ± 0.12 cm in the plantar flexion 10° position, 2.21 ± 0.21 cm and 1.55 ± 0.12 cm in the dorsiflexion 30° position, and 2.46 ± 0.29 cm and 1.73 ± 0.19 cm in the plantar flexion 30° position, demonstrating a significant safety margin from the nerve. A total of 38 patients underwent endoscopic treatment for posterior ankle impingement syndrome using double posterolateral coaxial portals between January 2012 and December 2017. This surgical approach provided access to the subtalar joint and posterior ankle region. The patients were followed up for an average of 38.2 months (24–72 months), with a satisfaction rate of 94.7%. There were no reported complications, and significant improvements were observed in both visual analogue scale (VAS) and The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) scores postoperatively. The VAS score decreased from 5.68 to 0.51 (P
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- 2024
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38. Factors influencing TSH suppression efficacy in postoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: a retrospective cohort study
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Qing Zhang, Zhen-Zhu Zhong, Tian Wu, and Yuan-Qiang He
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Thyroid papillary carcinoma ,Thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy ,Levothyroxine sodium ,Hashimoto thyroiditis ,Influencing factors ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives While surgery plays a crucial role in treating papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the potential effects of subsequent TSH suppression therapy on prognosis should not be overlooked. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence postoperative TSH suppression therapy in patients with PTC. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at our hospital. It included 268 patients who underwent surgery and were pathologically diagnosed with PTC between February 2019 and February 2021. The selected patients received postoperative TSH suppression therapy. Based on the TSH level measured 12 months after surgery, the patients were divided into two groups: TSH level conforming group (n = 80) and non-conforming group (n = 188). We then compared the general clinical data, clinicopathological characteristics, preoperative laboratory test indicators, postoperative levothyroxine sodium tablet dosage, follow-up frequency, and thyroid function-related indicators between the two groups of patients. The correlation between the observed indicators and the success of TSH suppression therapy was further analyzed, leading to the identification of influencing factors for TSH suppression therapy. Results There were no statistically significant differences in general clinical data and clinicopathological characteristics between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). The proportion of patients with preoperative TSH ≥ 2.0 mU/L was higher in the non-conforming group compared to the TSH level conforming group (P
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- 2024
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39. Role of microvascular invasion in early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection: A literature review
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Zhi-Hong Zhang, Chuang Jiang, Ze-Yuan Qiang, Yi-Fan Zhou, Jun Ji, Yong Zeng, and Ji-Wei Huang
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ,Microvascular invasion (MVI) ,Early recurrence ,Liver resection ,Hepatectomy ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Summary: Hepatectomy is widely considered a potential treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, one-third of HCC patients have tumor recurrence within 2 years after surgery (early recurrence), accounting for more than 60% of all recurrence patients. Early recurrence is associated with a worse prognosis. Previous studies have shown that microvascular invasion (MVI) is one of the key factors for early recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with HCC after surgery. This paper reviews the latest literature and summarizes the predictors of MVI, the correlation between MVI and early recurrence, the identification of suspicious nodules or subclinical lesions, and the treatment strategies for MVI-positive HCC. The aim is to explore the management of patients with MVI-positive HCC.
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- 2024
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40. An Unsupervised Machine Learning Method for Electron--Proton Discrimination of the DAMPE Experiment
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Xu, Zhihui, Li, Xiang, Cui, Mingyang, Yue, Chuan, Jiang, Wei, Li, Wenhao, and Yuan, Qiang
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Galactic cosmic rays are mostly made up of energetic nuclei, with less than $1\%$ of electrons (and positrons). Precise measurement of the electron and positron component requires a very efficient method to reject the nuclei background, mainly protons. In this work, we develop an unsupervised machine learning method to identify electrons and positrons from cosmic ray protons for the Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) experiment. Compared with the supervised learning method used in the DAMPE experiment, this unsupervised method relies solely on real data except for the background estimation process. As a result, it could effectively reduce the uncertainties from simulations. For three energy ranges of electrons and positrons, 80--128 GeV, 350--700 GeV, and 2--5 TeV, the residual background fractions in the electron sample are found to be about (0.45 $\pm$ 0.02)$\%$, (0.52 $\pm$ 0.04)$\%$, and (10.55 $\pm$ 1.80)$\%$, and the background rejection power is about (6.21 $\pm$ 0.03) $\times$ $10^4$, (9.03 $\pm$ 0.05) $\times$ $10^4$, and (3.06 $\pm$ 0.32) $\times$ $10^4$, respectively. This method gives a higher background rejection power in all energy ranges than the traditional morphological parameterization method and reaches comparable background rejection performance compared with supervised machine learning~methods., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
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- 2022
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41. A delayed 400 GeV photon from GRB 221009A and implication on the intergalactic magnetic field
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Xia, Zi-Qing, Wang, Yun, Yuan, Qiang, and Fan, Yi-Zhong
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory has detected $0.2-13$ TeV emission of GRB 221009A within 2000 s since the trigger. Here we report the detection of a 400 GeV photon, without accompanying prominent low-energy emission, by Fermi Large Area Telescope in this direction with a 0.4 days' delay. Given an intergalactic magnetic field strength of about $4 \times 10^{-17}$ G, which is comparable to limits from TeV blazars, the delayed 400 GeV photon can be explained as the cascade emission of about 10 TeV gamma rays. We estimate the probabilities of the cascade emission that can result in one detectable photon beyond 100 GeV by Fermi Large Area Telescope within $0.3-1$ days is about 2$\%$ whereas it is about 20.5$\%$ within $0.3-250$ days. Our results show that Synchrotron Self-Compton explanation is less favored with probabilities lower by a factor of about $3-30$ than the cascade scenario., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, Nature Communications, in press
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- 2022
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42. Interpretations of the cosmic ray secondary-to-primary ratios measured by DAMPE
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Ma, Peng-Xiong, Xu, Zhi-Hui, Yuan, Qiang, Bi, Xiao-Jun, Fan, Yi-Zhong, Moskalenko, Igor V., and Yue, Chuan
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Precise measurements of the boron-to-carbon and boron-to-oxygen ratios by DAMPE show clear hardenings around $100$ GeV/n, which provide important implications on the production, propagation, and interaction of Galactic cosmic rays. In this work we investigate a number of models proposed in literature in light of the DAMPE findings. These models can roughly be classified into two classes, driven by propagation effects or by source ones. Among these models discussed, we find that the re-acceleration of cosmic rays, during their propagation, by random magnetohydrodynamic waves may not reproduce sufficient hardenings of B/C and B/O, and an additional spectral break of the diffusion coefficient is required. The other models can properly explain the hardenings of the ratios. However, depending on simplifications assumed, the models differ in their quality in reproducing the data in a wide energy range. The models with significant re-acceleration effect will under-predict low-energy antiprotons but over-predict low-energy positrons, and the models with secondary production at sources over-predict high-energy antiprotons. For all models high-energy positron excess exists., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. Published version
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- 2022
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43. Prospective Study on Observations of {\gamma}-Ray Sources in the Galaxy Using the HADAR Experiment
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Qian, Xiangli, Sun, Huiying, Chen, Tianlu, Danzengluobu, Feng, Youliang, Gao, Qi, Gou, Quanbu, Guo, Yiqing, Hu, Hongbo, Kang, Mingming, Li, Haijin, Liu, Cheng, Liu, Maoyuan, Liu, Wei, Qiao, Bingqiang, Wang, Xu, Wang, Zhen, Xin, Guangguang, Yao, Yuhua, Yuan, Qiang, and Zhang, Yi
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
The High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment is a refracting terrestrial telescope array based on the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique. It focuses the Cherenkov light emitted by extensive air showers through a large aperture water-lens system for observing very-high-energy-rays and cosmic rays. With the advantages of a large field-of-view (FOV) and low energy threshold, the HADAR experiment operates in a large-scale sky scanning mode to observe galactic sources. This study presents the prospects of using the HADAR experiment for the sky survey of TeV {\gamma}-ray sources from TeVCat and provids a one-year survey of statistical significance. Results from the simulation show that a total of 23 galactic point sources, including five supernova remnant sources and superbubbles, four pulsar wind nebula sources, and 14 unidentified sources, were detected in the HADAR FOV with a significance greater than 5 standard deviations ({\sigma}). The statistical significance for the Crab Nebula during one year of operation reached 346.0 {\sigma} and the one-year integral sensitivity of HADAR above 1TeV was ~1.3%-2.4% of the flux from the Crab Nebula.
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- 2022
44. Searching for axion dark matter with MeerKAT Radio Telescope
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Zhou, Yun-Fan, Houston, Nick, Jozsa, Gyula I. G., Chen, Hao, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Yuan, Qiang, An, Tao, Chandola, Yogesh, Ding, Ran, Du, Fujun, Guo, Shao-Guang, Huang, Xiaoyuan, Li, Mengtian, and Sengupta, Chandreyee
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Axions provide a natural and well-motivated dark matter candidate, with the capability to convert directly to photons in the presence of an electromagnetic field. A particularly compelling observational target is the conversion of dark matter axions into photons in the magnetospheres of highly magnetised neutron stars, which is expected to produce a narrow spectral peak centred at the frequency of the axion mass. We point the MeerKAT radio telescope towards the isolated neutron star J0806.4$-$4123 for $10$-hours of observation and obtain the radio spectra in the frequency range $769$-$1051$ MHz. By modelling the conversion process of infalling axion dark matter (DM), we then compare these spectra to theoretical expectations for a given choice of axion parameters. Whilst finding no signal above $5\sigma$ in the data, we provide a unique constraint on the Primakoff coupling of axion DM, $g_{{\rm a}\gamma\gamma}\lesssim 9.3 \times 10^{-12}\,{\rm GeV}^{-1}$ at the $95\%$ confidence level, in the mass range $3.18$-$4.35\,\mu$eV. This result serves the strongest constraint in the axion mass range $4.20$-$4.35\,\mu$eV., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Physical Review D
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- 2022
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45. Birefringence Tomography for Axion Cloud
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Chen, Yifan, Li, Chunlong, Mizuno, Yosuke, Shu, Jing, Xue, Xiao, Yuan, Qiang, Zhao, Yue, and Zhou, Zihan
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
An axion cloud surrounding a supermassive black hole can be naturally produced through the superradiance process. Its existence can be examined by the axion induced birefringence effect. It predicts an oscillation of the electric vector position angle of linearly polarized radiations. Stringent constraints of the existence of the axion in a particular mass window has been obtained based on the recent Event Horizon Telescope measurement on M87$^\star$. The future Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations will be able to measure the vicinity of many supermassive black holes, thus it opens the possibility to search for the existence of axions in a wide mass regime. In this paper, we study how different black hole properties and accretion flows influence the signatures of the axion induced birefringence. We include the impacts of black hole inclination angles, spins, magnetic fields, plasma velocity distributions, the thickness of the accretion flows. We pay special attention to characterize the washout effects induced by the finite thickness of the accretion flows and the lensed photons. Based on this study, we give prospects on how to optimize the axion search using future VLBI observations, such as the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope, to further increase the sensitivity., Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, published version in JCAP
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- 2022
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46. The clinical trajectory of peripheral blood immune cell subsets, T-cell activation, and cytokines in septic patients
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Lu, Xuan, Song, Cong-Ying, Wang, Ping, Li, Li, Lin, Li-Ying, Jiang, Shuai, Zhou, Jia-Ning, Feng, Meng-Xiao, Yang, Yun-Mei, and Lu, Yuan-Qiang
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- 2024
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47. MiRNA320a Inhibitor-Loaded PLGA-PLL-PEG Nanoparticles Contribute to Bone Regeneration in Trauma-Induced Osteonecrosis Model of the Femoral Head
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Zhang, Ying, Li, Chuan, Wei, Qiushi, Yuan, Qiang, He, Wei, Zhang, Ning, Dong, Yiping, Jing, Zhenhao, Zhang, Leilei, Wang, Haibin, and Cao, Xiangyang
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- 2024
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48. Long-term efficacy of microwave ablation for multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a 5-year follow-up study
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Dong, Peng, Teng, Deng-Ke, Sui, Guo-Qing, Lin, Yuan-Qiang, Luo, Qiang, Wang, Qi-Meihui, Li, He-Qun, and Wang, Hui
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- 2024
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49. A Pilot Movement Integrity with Intelligent Play Program (MIIP): Effects on Math Performance and Enjoyment for Preschoolers in China
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Liang, Kun, Ma, Xiao, Zhang, Jialin, Zhang, Baogen, Xin, Fei, Yuan, Qiang, Zhang, Dingyi, Chen, Ronggui, and Tang, Yan
- Abstract
Background: The relation between the human body movements and cognition has been a research hotspot in physical education and health promotion in recent years. This study applied the embodied cognition theory to examine the effects of the Movement Integrity with Intelligent Play (MIIP) program on preschoolers' math performance. Objective: This study explores whether the Movement Integrity with Intelligent Play is connected with math performance, physical activity (PA) levels, and enjoyment of kindergarten students. Method: A quasi-experimental trial was delivered to evaluate the effects of the MIIP program that integrated bodily movements into math cognitive tasks related to pattern cognitive skills. A total of 54 (N = 54, 30 girls, M[subscript age] = 75.69 ± 3.36) children from two preschool classrooms served as participants and were assigned to one of the following two conditions: the integrated condition group (ICG, n = 28), and the conventional condition group (CCG, n = 26). During a 2-week intervention period, the ICG received a task-relevant PA (3×30 min/wk) in addition to their regular in-school math lessons (2×30 min/wk). Finally, math performance, PA levels, and enjoyment were assessed. Results: Following the intervention, significant differences (p < 0.05) in math performance, PA levels, and enjoyment were found in the ICG. The results demonstrated that preschool children in ICG outperformed children in the CCG. Children in the CCG showed no significant differences in math performance and PA levels. In addition, children in the ICG scored higher scores (M = 9.25 ± 2.71) on perceived enjoyment of the instructional method than children in the CCG (M = 7.07 ± 3.91). Conclusions: The integrated intervention has beneficial effects not only on math performance, PA levels but also on enjoyment. Transforming the focus of instruction to an integrated PA enhanced both math performance, PA levels, and increased enjoyment.
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- 2023
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50. Searching for cosmic string induced stochastic gravitational wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
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Bian, Ligong, Shu, Jing, Wang, Bo, Yuan, Qiang, and Zong, Junchao
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We search for stochastic gravitational wave background emitted from cosmic strings using the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array data over 15 years. While we find that the common power-law excess revealed by several pulsar timing array experiments might be accounted for by the gravitational wave background from cosmic strings, the lack of the characteristic Hellings-Downs correlation cannot establish its physical origin yet. The constraints on the cosmic string model parameters are thus derived with conservative assumption that the common power-law excess is due to unknown background. Two representative cosmic string models with different loop distribution functions are considered. We obtain constraints on the dimensionless string tension parameter $G\mu<10^{-11}\sim10^{-10}$, which is more stringent by two orders of magnitude than that obtained by the high-frequency LIGO-Virgo experiment for one model, and less stringent for the other. The results provide the chance to test the Grand unified theories, with the spontaneous symmetry breaking scale of $U(1)$ being two-to-three orders of magnitude below $10^{16}$ GeV. The pulsar timing array experiments are thus quite complementary to the LIGO-Virgo experiment in probing the cosmic strings and the underlying beyond standard model physics in the early Universe., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Comments welcome
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- 2022
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