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Despite concerns about overfishing and the potential impact of release programs on wild populations, our study of 3116 individuals from 13 wild populations and 2787 individuals from two cultured populations in Zhejiang and Fujian provinces spanning 2008 to 2023 reveals a relatively stable genetic diversity in Larimichthys crocea . Surprisingly, the genetic diversity of wild large yellow croaker populations has remained consistent over the years, suggesting minimal influence from population declines due to overfishing. With the exception of populations in Sansha Bay and Luoyuan Bay, no significant genetic differences were observed among wild populations, indicating a single panmictic genetic population across the East and South China seas. Notably, significant genetic differentiation exists between cultured and wild populations, suggesting a possible limited genetic adaptation of cultured-released individuals to the wild environment. The genetic differences observed between the Sansha Bay, with its adjacent Luoyuan Bay populations, and other wild populations underscore the dual effects of habitat environment and farming activities on the genetic structure of large yellow croaker. Our findings suggest that, despite declines in population numbers due to overfishing and expands extensive cultured releases, the genetic diversity of L. crocea populations remains largely unaffected. Moreover, the L. crocea population along the Chinese coast appears to form a single panmictic population with considerable genetic diversity., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 The Author(s). Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Hutuo River Basin straddles Shanxi and Hebei provinces, and Hutuo River was once cut off due to economic development and urban expansion after 2000; however, with the national emphasis on ecological civilization and the implementation of the South-North Water Diversion Project, the ecological protection of Hutuo River Basin has been significantly improved. MODIS data, Landsat data, and night light remote sensing data were selected based on the google earth engine (GEE) platform, and a new evaluation index system was generated by combining the biological richness index, vegetation cover index, land stress index, and pollution load index in the ecological environment index (EI) and the humidity index in the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), using the variation coefficient method and entropy weighting method to assign weights to these indices. An ecological environment evaluation model was constructed to evaluate and classify the ecological environment quality of Hutuo River Basin from 2000 to 2020, and the driving factors were interpreted by using geographic probes. The results showed that:① on a time scale, the ecological environment of Hutuo River Basin was in a decline period from 2000 to 2015 and a recovery period from 2015 to 2020. From a grid scale, the ecological environment quality in the central part of the basin showed a state of improvement year by year, and in the western and eastern parts of the basin, the ecological environment quality in the decline period decreased year by year, whereas the ecological environment quality in the recovery period improved. ② Hot spot analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the ecological environment quality in Hutuo River Basin was high in the middle and low on both sides. Cold spot regions were mainly located in major cities and towns in the eastern and southern parts and scattered in the river valley area on the west side. ③ Geodetection analysis showed that the single factor detection drivers were mainly population density, vegetation net primary productivity (NPP), fractional vegetation cover (FVC), and geomorphological type. The dominant factor of cross-detection was "geomorphological type + FVC." With the deepening of ecological civilization construction and the implementation of Hutuo River Protection Regulations, in combination with different factors such as the natural environment and social characteristics in this basin, the research on ecological environment evaluation in Hutuo River Basin can provide data support for proposing localized policies to improve the ecological environment.

Aim: To report the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of active syphilitic uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and compare them with the previously published data., Methods: Retrospective analysis of the case series from an infectious disease center in southern China was conducted. Comprehensive review of previously published cases of HIV positive syphilitic uveitis was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases and the references listed in the identified articles., Results: Twelve HIV positive patients with active syphilitic uveitis were collected. All were male, with age of 36.3y (range 27 to 53y). Five (41.7%) had a history of syphilis, and three of them had received anti-syphilis treatment. Ocular manifestations included corneal epithelial defect (13%), complicated cataract (17.4%), vitreous opacity (82.6%), optic disc edema (26.1%), macular edema (30.4%), neuro-retinitis (43.5%), and retinal hemorrhage (26.1%). After standardized syphilitic treatment, intraocular inflammation was reduced and vision improved in all cases. The literature review summarizes 105 previously reported cases of HIV positive syphilitic uveitis. High serum rapid plasma regain (RPR) titers may be associated with severe uveitis and poor vision. Treatment with penicillin, ceftriaxone sodium, or penicillin plus benzylpenicillin instead of using benzylpenicillin alone can significantly improve best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in HIV positive ocular syphilis patients., Conclusion: For HIV positive syphilitic uveitis patients, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment and follow-up are paramount. In our series, the clinical manifestations are diverse. Syphilis patients treated by penicillin G or long-acting penicillin before may still develop syphilitic uveitis. Patients who relapse after long-term penicillin treatment can still benefit from penicillin G., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Under the "Carbon Peak, Carbon Neutral" goal, the systematic evaluation of the carbon emission equivalent (CO 2 eq) and its compositions of the typical A 2 O process has important guiding significance for the low-carbon operation of most municipal sewage plants in China. Based on the operational data on the first municipal sewage plant of Jiaozuo in 2020 and the methods presented in "2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, " a systematic evaluation of the CO 2 eq of the typical A 2 O process was established, including direct emissions that were built on the Arrhenius model introducing the water temperature factor and indirect emissions from the three aspects of electricity consumption, agent addition, and sludge transportation. The results showed that the daily emission intensities of CH 4 and N 2 O were (115±56) kg·d -1 and (30±18) kg·d -1 , respectively. Additionally, indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption and agent addition accounted for 48.4% and 51.3% in the biochemical treatment section, respectively. In 2020, CO 2 eq amounts of total research plant and per unit sewage were 2.17×10 4 t and (0.63±0.07) kg·m -3 , respectively. The magnitude of the proportion of different carbon emission compositions was as follows:sewage electricity (36.5%)>sewage agent (26.6%)>N 2 O direct (15.4%)>sludge agent (9.6%)>sludge electricity (6.7%)>CH 4 direct (4.9%)>sludge transportation (0.3%). System import/export fluxes of carbon and nitrogen elements were calculated, followed by the carbon to nitrogen mass ratio in the sewage plant. Direct carbon emission characteristics of CH 4 and N 2 O and their influencing factors were discussed, respectively. Based on the balance theory of carbon and nitrogen elements in the system, it is proposed that the selective introduction of industrial wastewater may become an important reference measure for the low-carbon operation of municipal sewage plants in the future.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of SYNTAX-Ⅱ score on long term prognosis of patients diagnosed with chronic total occlusion (CTO) and received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Patients undergoing CTO-PCI in Fuwai hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The SYNTAX-Ⅱ score of the patients was calculated. According to SYNTAX-Ⅱ score tertiles, patients were stratified as follows: SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤20, 2027. Primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACCE), including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke and any revascularization. Secondary endpoints included stent thrombosis, heart failure and target lesion failure (TLF). Patients were followed up by outpatient visit or telephone call at 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after PCI, and annually up to 5 years. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors of all-cause death in patients undergoing CTO-PCI. The predictive value of SYNTAX score with SYNTAX-Ⅱ score for all-cause death was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve ( AUC ). Results: A total of 2 391 patients with CTO and received PCI were enrolled in this study. The mean age was (57.0±10.5) years, 1 994 (83.40%) patients were male. There were 802 patients in lower tertile group (SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤20), 798 patients in intermediate group (2027). At the end of 5-year follow-up, the loss to follow-up rate of the three groups was 9.10%(73/802), 10.78%(86/798)and 8.85%(70/791), respectively. The rate of all-cause mortality (1.78% (13/729) vs. 3.65% (26/712) vs. 9.02% (65/721), P <0.001), cardiac death (1.37% (10/729) vs. 2.11% (15/712) vs. 4.85% (35/721), P <0.001), target vessel myocardial infarctions (4.25% (31/729) vs. 4.49% (32/712) vs. 7.07% (51/721), P =0.03), probable stent thrombosis (1.51% (11/729) vs. 2.81% (20/712) vs. 3.61% (26/721), P =0.04) and heart failure (1.78% (13/729) vs. 1.97% (14/712) vs. 5.41% (39/721), P <0.001) increased in proportion to increasing SYNTAX-Ⅱ score (all P <0.05). Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that female ( HR =2.05, 95% CI 1.12-3.73, P =0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction ( HR =0.97, 95% CI 0.95-1.00, P =0.05) and SYNTAX-Ⅱ score ( HR =1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.11, P =0.01) were independent predictors for all-cause mortality in patients undergoing CTO-PCI. The predicted value of the SYNTAX-Ⅱ score for all-cause death was significantly higher than the SYNTAX score ( AUC 0.71 vs. 0.60, P =0.003). Conclusion: For CTO patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, SYNTAX-Ⅱ score is an independent predictor for 5-year all-cause death, and SYNTAX-Ⅱ serves as an important predictor for all-cause death in these patients.

Background and Aims: Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an emerging technique for the palliation of inoperable malignant biliary strictures (MBSs). We aimed to systemically investigate the long-term outcome of RFA in a large cohort of patients., Methods: We recruited 883 patients with various MBSs who underwent endoscopic interventions at two large-volume centers; 124 patients underwent RFA and stenting, whereas 759 underwent stenting alone. To overcome selection bias, we performed 1:4 propensity score matching (PSM). The main outcome was overall survival (OS)., Results: Following PSM, patients in the RFA group showed significantly longer OS (9.5 months; 95% CI: 7.7-11.3 months) than those in the stenting alone group (6.1 months; 95% CI: 5.6-6.6 months; P < .001). In stratified analyses, the improved OS was only demonstrated in the subgroup of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (11.3 months 95% CI: 10.2-12.4 vs 6.9 months 95% CI: 6.0-7.8; P < .001), but not in the subgroups of gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and other metastatic cancers (all P > .05). The survival benefits were noted only in the patients with non-metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (11.5 vs 7.4 months, P < .001)., Conclusions: The survival benefits of endoscopic RFA appear to be limited to patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma without distant metastasis., (© 2021 Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.)